scholarly journals Barriers to the Adoption of Urban Living Labs for NBS Implementation: A Systemic Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13276
Author(s):  
Shahryar Sarabi ◽  
Qi Han ◽  
A. Georges L. Romme ◽  
Bauke de Vries ◽  
Rianne Valkenburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Model ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Structural Modelling ◽  
Institutional Barriers ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modelling ◽  
Urban Living ◽  
Safe Environment ◽  
Living Labs ◽  
Knowledge Brokers ◽  
Systemic Understanding

Urban Living Labs (ULLs) are widely believed to provide a safe environment for experimentation, co-creation and evaluation of innovations in real-life settings. A growing number of cities have been adopting ULLs to co-create and test Nature-Based Solutions (NBS). However, many of these cities have been facing major barriers in trying to adopt the ULL approach for implementing NBS. In this study, we seek to identify these barriers and provide a systemic understanding. Barriers are identified by means of workshops and interviews. Subsequently, interpretive structural modelling serves to identify the interdependencies among the barriers, resulting in a structural model of barriers in adopting ULLs for NBS. Our results show that political and institutional barriers are significantly limiting the adoption of ULLs. Moreover, knowledge brokers and other intermediaries, as well as cross-sectoral collaboration, play a key role in getting ULLs adopted. The findings from this study can help cities to develop strategies that overcome the main barriers for ULL adoption in the context of nature-based solutions.

scholarly journals Applying an RRI Filter in Key Learning on Urban Living Labs’ Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 3833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Van Geenhuizen
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Urban Living ◽  
Learning Framework ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Living Lab ◽  
Living Labs ◽  
Responsible Research ◽  
Practical Implications

Urban living labs is a practical methodology in improving sustainability in cities by facilitating collaborative learning and innovation in a real-life environment, thereby mainly responding to the needs of users (citizens). The paper aims to filter a list of key learnings on urban living labs through the lens of Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI). One of the motivations is that key learnings on urban living labs are mainly derived from means-goal effectiveness (MGE) thinking while the urban setting calls for a broader perspective due to complexity and tension from the multi-actor, multifunctional, and multi-scalar character of cities. The filtering reveals almost 40 learnings as ‘overlap’ and ‘exclusive for MGE’. Importantly, five learnings are identified as specific for RRI and potentially enriching living lab methodology: ethical and normative principles like health, safety, security, and equality between societal groups, and a wider distribution of benefits and risks of living lab outcomes, in particular, contradictory sustainability issues. The RRI filtering causes three practical implications: coping with uneven power distribution between stakeholders, limited feasibility of applying the comprehensive learning framework, and challenges of overarching platform structures enabling to better incorporate RRI concerns in living lab methodology. The findings as presented in an adapted list are new, as RRI values and concerns have seldom been applied to practical innovation and have never been explicitly applied to urban living labs’ performance beyond the borders of effectiveness thinking.

scholarly journals Antecedents and enablers of supply chain reconfigurability and its effect on performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slim ZIDI ◽  
Nadia Hamani ◽  
Lyes Kermad
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Demand Uncertainty ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Structural Modelling ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modelling ◽  
Micmac Analysis ◽  
Structure And Functions ◽  
Total Interpretive Structural Modelling

Abstract The reconfiguration of supply chain is becoming a crucial concept used to deal with market disruptions and changes such as COVID 19 pandemic, demand uncertainty, new technologies, etc. It can be defined as the ability of the supply chain to change its structure and functions in order to adapt to new changes. Its assessment requires an understanding of its quantitative factors to provide indicators that are easy to interpret. Effective reconfigurability assessment can be achieved by measuring quantitatively its six characteristics (modularity, integrability, convertibility, diagnosability, scalability and customization). This paper aims at identifying the quantitative factors of each characteristic and their inter-relationships by using Total Interpretive Structural Modelling (TISM). The structural model obtained by TISM is applied to understand the dependency quantitative factors. Based on TISM results, a classification of quantitative factors is determined using « Matrice d'Impacts Croisés, Multiplication Appliquée à un Classement » (MICMAC) analysis. This paper may be helpful to understand the previously mentioned characteristics of reconfigurable supply chain in order to facilitate the measuring and the assessment of reconfigurability.

Application of total interpretive structural modelling (TISM) for analysis of factors influencing sustainable additive manufacturing: a case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1198-1223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Agrawal ◽  
Vinodh S.
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Matrix Multiplication ◽  
Structural Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modelling ◽  
Micmac Analysis ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Total Interpretive Structural Modelling

Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop a structural model based on total interpretive structural modelling (TISM) approach for analysis of factors influencing sustainable additive manufacturing (AM). Design/methodology/approach A total of 20 factors influencing sustainable AM are identified on the basis of literature review. Appropriate inputs from experts are obtained and TISM model is developed. Also, cross-impact Matrix multiplication applied to classification (MICMAC) analysis is carried out to categorize the factors. Findings Based on TISM model, “Flexibility in manufacturing”, “Time to develop new product” and “Local availability of technology” are found to be the dominant factors. MICMAC analysis indicates that 10 factors belong to driving and 10 factors belong to dependent category. Research limitations/implications In the present study, 20 factors have been considered. In future, additional factors can be considered to deal with technological advancements. Practical implications The conduct of the study will enable AM experts to systematically analyze the factors influencing sustainable AM. Originality/value The development of structural model for analysis of factors influencing sustainable AM manufacturing is the original contribution of authors.

Analyzing the sequence and interrelations of Natech disasters in Urban areas using interpretive structural modelling (ISM)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 392-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzad Firouzi Jahantigh ◽  
Forozandeh Jannat
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Structural Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Building Collapse ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modelling ◽  
Internal Relations

Purpose Natural disasters such as earthquake, flood and hurricane always threaten human life and societies. A major challenge is technological hazards triggered by such disasters, especially in metropolises and urban areas. Thus, these hazards have been the focus of interest in many countries, and suitable crisis management plans have been made to address them. The purpose of this study was to cluster technological hazards caused by natural disasters in urban areas. Design/methodology/approach According to literature, a set of 15 technological hazards was identified whose magnificence and interrelations were analysed using interpretive structural modelling technique. DEMATEL technique was used to determine internal relations among the hazards and to draw a network relation map. Findings The results revealed that dam failing, water supply disruption and building collapse form the base of the structural model. Originality/value The authors developed a structural model representing the hierarchy and interrelations among various elements of technological hazards caused by natural disaster. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this was the first attempt to reveal internal relations of Natech factors. Finally, some recommendations were proposed for crisis management according to research findings.

Interdependency analysis of lean manufacturing practices in case of Bulgarian SMEs: interpretive structural modelling and interpretive ranking modelling approach

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarita Prasad ◽  
Milen Baltov ◽  
Neelakanteswara Rao A. ◽  
Krishnanand Lanka
Keyword(s):  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Structural Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modelling ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Micmac Analysis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Modelling Approach

Purpose The paper aims to analyse the contextual relationship and dependency amongst enablers for lean manufacturing implementation in Bulgarian small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Design/methodology/approach In this study, the interpretive structural modelling (ISM) technique was used to develop a hierarchical structural model for enablers. Also, the interpretive ranking process (IRP) was used to analyse and rank enablers with reference to performance variables. For the ISM approach, a structural self- integration matrix was developed with the help of experts’ suggestions and opinions. Cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification (MICMAC) analysis was used to analyse the relationship amongst enablers. A total of nine experts were chosen for collecting the primary data in which seven experts belong to the industry and two experts were academicians. The dominant relationship amongst the enablers was analysed through IRP modelling. Findings A total of 11 enablers were identified for the purpose of this study. The model shows that “leadership and commitment by management”, “human resource management”, “customer relation management”, “supplier relation management” and “information technology system” are the most significant enablers for lean implementation in Bulgarian SMEs as these are positioned at the bottom levels in ISM model. MICMAC analysis shows that five enablers fall in the independent factor, two enablers in linkage factor and four enablers in the dependant factor while there is no enabler in the autonomous factor. ISM and IRP models show that “continuous improvement” is an essential enabler for the successful implementation of lean in Bulgarian SMEs. This study also helps to explain the comparative analysis of ISM and IRP, which indicates that IRP is a more robust modelling approach than ISM, as it incorporates the relationship of enablers with performance variables. Research limitations/implications ISM and IRP modelling approaches are based solely on expert opinions and responses. This limitation can be overcome with the help of empirical study. Practical implications This study supports the professionals/experts to prioritise and manage enablers at strategic and tactical levels while implementing lean manufacturing practices in Bulgarian SMEs. The models developed in the study will be helpful for practitioners to understand and analyse the interdependence of enablers for lean manufacturing implementation. Originality/value This study helps to identify and prioritise enablers that affect lean manufacturing adoption using ISM and IRP approaches. Literature shows that numerous authors have used the ISM approach but the use of IRP approach is limited. The models were developed in the study, totally dependent on data collected from the experts to ensure their real-life validity.

Analysis of barriers in implementation of digital transformation of supply chain using interpretive structural modelling approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 297-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakash Agrawal ◽  
Rakesh Narain ◽  
Inayat Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Matrix Multiplication ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Structural Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modelling ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Power And Dependence

Purpose Digital supply chain (DSC) is an agile, customer-driven and productive way to develop different forms of returns for companies and to leverage efficient approaches with emerging techniques and data analytics. Though the advantages of digital supply chain management (DSCM) are many, its implementation is quite slow for several reasons. The purpose of this paper is to identify the major barriers which hinder the adoption of DSC and to analyse the interrelationship among them. The barriers of DSC are explored on the basis of existing literature and experts’ opinion. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses the interpretive structural modelling (ISM) approach to develop a hierarchical structural model which shows the mutual dependence among the barriers of DSC. Cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification analysis was performed to represent these barriers graphically on the basis of their driving power and dependence. Findings The research demonstrates that the barriers “no sense of urgency”, “lack of industry specific guidelines”, “lack of digital skills and talent” and “high implementation and running cost” are the most significant barriers to digital transformation of supply chain. This paper also suggests some managerial implications to overcome the barriers which hinder the implementation of digital transformation of supply chain. Practical implications This paper assists managers and policymakers to understand the order in which these barriers must be tackled and adopts a roadmap for successful implementation of DSCM and reap its benefits. Originality/value This is one of the initial research studies which has analysed the barriers of DSC using ISM approach.

Interpretive structural modelling of critical risk factors in software engineering project

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chitrasen Samantra ◽  
Saurav Datta ◽  
Siba Sankar Mahapatra ◽  
Bikash Ranjan Debata
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Structural Modelling ◽  
Software Projects ◽  
Engineering Project ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modelling

Purpose – Success of software projects depends on identification of project risks and managing the risks in a proactive manner. Risk management requires thorough insights into interrelationship of various risk factors for proposing strategies to minimize failure rate. The purpose of this paper is to develop a comprehensive structural model to interrelate important risk factors affecting the success of software projects. Design/methodology/approach – Specifically, this study reveals how interpretive structural modelling helps the risk managers in identifying and understanding the interrelationship among various risk factors. A total of 23 risk factors (or risk sources) have been identified through an extensive literature review. Findings – Necessary modelling information has been gathered from expert through a structured questionnaire survey. Matrice d’Impacts croises-multipication appliqué an classment analysis has been employed to classify the risk factors into four clusters such as autonomous, dependent, linkage and independent based on their driving and dependence power. Risk factors with strong dependence and weak driving power need urgent attention from managerial perspective. Originality/value – The proposed model is useful for software managers/practitioners to address risk factors associated with complicated projects.

Application of interpretive structural modelling for analysis of lean adoption barriers in heavy industry

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aadithya B.G. ◽  
Asokan P. ◽  
S. Vinodh
Keyword(s):  
Structural Model ◽  
Matrix Multiplication ◽  
Interaction Matrix ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Structural Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modelling ◽  
Top Management Support ◽  
Micmac Analysis ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of the paper is to depict a study on analysis of barriers to lean adoption in fabrication industry using interpretive structural modelling (ISM). Design/methodology/approach From the literature review, 22 barriers to lean adoption in fabrication industry have been recognized . Self-structure interaction matrix has been developed based on expert opinion. Computational steps of ISM are being done to develop the structural model. cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification (MICMAC) analysis is being done to group the barriers into four types. Findings Based on the study, it has been found that “lack of knowledge about lean (philosophy, principles, tools)”, “lack of top management support and commitment” and “poor leadership” are found to be the principal barriers. MICMAC analysis indicated that number of driving, dependent, linkage and autonomous barriers are 9, 8, 4 and 1, respectively. Practical implications The study has been executed based on the inputs from industrial practitioners and hence the inferences are found to have practical relevance. Originality/value The study is an attempt to analyze the barriers for lean concepts adoption in fabrication kind of industry.

Total Interpretive Structural Modelling of predictors for graduate employability for the information technology sector

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Sehgal ◽  
Saboohi Nasim
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Structural Modelling ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modelling ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Graduate Employability ◽  
Total Interpretive Structural Modelling

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a qualitative analysis of the significant factors that influence graduate employability in information technology (IT) sector. This is imperative, given the rising “employability gap” confronted by this sector, especially in context of India. The key factors that influence graduate employability have been drawn from the literature. This research paper aims to conduct a preliminary validation of these predictors of employability and analyse the contextual relationship between them through Total Interpretive Structural Modelling (TISM) technique (Nasim, 2011; Sushil, 2012). This technique is an innovative version of Interpretive Structural Modelling proposed by Warfield (1973). Design/methodology/approach The antecedents of graduate employability have been identified through qualitative analysis of available literature. Further, TISM has been used to derive a structural model and analyse the contextual relationship among these identified antecedents. The structural model has been derived through in-depth interviews with experts that include senior middle management professionals from reputed IT companies in India. The developed TISM model has been further validated through assessment surveys with a larger set of domain experts to enhance the credibility of the obtained results. Findings Based on the data collected from the domain experts, eight elements including employability and its seven antecedents were hierarchically modelled into four levels. While all the seven identified factors were endorsed by the industry experts as the drivers of employability, some of the key factors affecting employability emerged to be technical specialties knowledge, technology management skills and communication skills. Furthermore, the developed model has been subsequently validated and accepted based on the results of the assessment surveys conducted with a larger set of domain experts. Research limitations/implications The findings are expected to help the graduates seeking jobs in IT and allied sectors and the higher education institutions (HEIs) offering academic programmes in this domain. These findings would enable the graduates to understand the significance of the different knowledge/skill areas that influence their employability and increase the chances of securing job. Also, the HEIs can comprehend the developed model to understand the demands of the employers, the rationale behind it and further align their course curriculum/teaching methodologies in sync with their expectations. The developed model should be put to empirical validation for greater reliability. Originality/value The qualitative analysis of the antecedents of graduate employability using TISM technique is an original methodological contribution to the field. Though the TISM technique has been used in research studies across different sectors like e-government (Nasim, 2011), higher education (Prasad and Suri, 2011) and flexible manufacturing systems (Dubey and Ali, 2014), the application of this technique to employability in IT sector in India is a novel contribution.

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