scholarly journals Interaction of Vibrio to Biotic and Abiotic Surfaces: Relationship between Hydrophobicity, Cell Adherence, Biofilm Production, and Cytotoxic Activity

Surfaces ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faouzi Lamari ◽  
Sadok Khouadja ◽  
Sami Rtimi
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Abiotic Surfaces ◽  
Multiplex Pcr Assay ◽  
Capsule Production ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Pathogenic Agents

Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus are important pathogenic agents for both humans and aquatic animals. Twenty-five bacterial strains were isolated from infected sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) on thiosulfate citrate bile salts sucrose (TCBS) agar plates. For the species-specific detection of V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus, a multiplex PCR assay using two collagenase-targeted primer pairs allows the detection of four strains of V. parahaemolyticus and three strains of V. alginolyticus. The seven identified isolates were partitioned for capsule production, hydrophobicity, adherence, biofilm formation, invasion, and cytotoxicity against Hep-2 cells. Two V. parahaemolyticus (Spa2 and Spa3) and one V. alginolyticus (Va01) were capsule producers developing almost black colonies on CRA, they showed a strong hydrophobicity using bacterial adhesion to hydrocarbons test (BATH), and were able to produce high biofilm. Isolates were able to adhere and invade Hep-2 cells and exhibited dissimilar levels of cytotoxicity in epithelial cells. This study shows the strong relationship between adhesion, biofilm formation, invasion and the cytotoxicity of Vibrio strains. Thus, we found a strong and significant positive correlation between different virulence properties of these isolates. The present study shows that bacterial contact with the cells as well as adhesion and invasion are essential steps to induce cytotoxicity. However, the invasion is seen to be a post adherence event.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance and Plasmid Profile of Vibrio Alginolyticus Strains Isolated from Cultured European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus Labrax, L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jale Korun ◽  
Mehmet Karaca
Keyword(s):  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Plasmid Profile ◽  
Vibrio Alginolyticus ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
European Sea Bass ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Incubation Temperatures

Abstract In the study, antimicrobial resistance and plasmid profile of Vibrio alginolyticus strains isolated from diseased European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, L.) collected from a commercial farm located on the Agean Region coast of Turkey, were investigated. The agent was identified by classical biochemical tests and the API 20NE system. Bacterial strains were tested for resistance to different antimicrobials by disc agar diffusion method and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) at two different incubation temperatures (22 ± 2ºC and 28 ± 2ºC for 24 to 28 h), and screened for plasmid DNA by agarose gel electrophoresis. It was found that 15 strains were susceptible to kanamycin but they revealed resistance to ampicillin, bacitracin and streptomycin at 22ºC. The strains were resistant to bacitracin and streptomycin but 14 strains were found to be intermediately resistant. One strain was resistant to ampicillin at 28ºC; two strains showed sensitivity to kanamycin, whereas 12 strains were intermediately resistant, and one strain was resistant to the same antibiotic at 28ºC. The strains demonstrared susceptibility to low concentrations of chloramphenicol, kanamycin, and trimethoprim (MICs of ≤ 8 μg/mL) at 22ºC. The examined strains were found to be susceptible to chloramphenicol (MICs of ≤8 μg/mL) and trimethoprim (MICs of ≤8 μg/ mL) at 28ºC. The strains harboured 2-3 plasmids, with sizes ranging from 68 to 126 kb.

scholarly journals Kültür Balıkları Fiyat Analizi-2019, Sinop

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1653-1657
Author(s):  
Birol Baki ◽  
Şennan Yücel ◽  
Fagan Heydarlı
Keyword(s):  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Retail Outlets ◽  
Oncorhyncus Mykiss ◽  
Monthly Changes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Moderate Relationship

The study aims to investigate the monthly changes in the prices of culture fish that were sold in retail fish outlets in Sinop in 2019 and determine the correlations between the prices of the species. The retail outlets were determined using stratified sampling and divided into three groups as I (high), II (medium), and III (low) with respect to their product range and sale amounts. Each sale group was represented by two independent retail outlets. The prices were determined twice a month at the same time of the day during the study. The retail outlets were determined to sell sea bream (Sparus aurata), sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), and rainbow trout (Oncorhyncus mykiss) culturing of which are carried out in Turkey. The difference in the monthly prices of the species was not statistically significant. There was a positive and moderate relationship between the prices of sea bream and sea bass (r=0.69), a positive and strong relationship between the prices of sea bass and trout (r=0.85), and a positive and strong relationship between the prices of sea bream and trout (r=0.71).

scholarly journals Diversity, antimicrobial characterization and biofilm formation of Enterococci isolated from aquaculture and slaughterhouse sources in Benin City, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-63
Author(s):  
E.O. Igbinosa ◽  
A. Beshiru ◽  
E.E.O. Odjadjare
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Enterococcus Species ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Primer Sets ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Aquaculture Facilities

The present study was designed to characterize Enterococci isolates obtained from water samples at aquaculture and slaughterhouse facilities in Benin City, Nigeria. A total of 144 water samples were collected from aquaculture and slaughterhouse facilities. All samples were analyzed using classical microbiological and molecular-based methods. Enterococci were identified using specific primer sets (genus and species specific primers) and are as follows: E. faecalis 36 (25.5%); E. faecium 39 (27.7%); E. durans 19 (13.4%); E. casseliflavus 13 (9.2%); E. hirae 14 (9.9%) and other Enterococcus species 20 (14.2%). The resistance profile of the bacterial strains to antibiotics was as follows: [tetracycline (n=67, 47%)]; [vancomycin (n=74, 52%)]; [erythromycin (n=91, 64%)] and [penicillin (n=141, 100%)]. Enterococci virulence genes detected include: [gelE (n=120, 85.1%)]; [cylA (n= 52, 36.9%)]; [hyl (n=96, 68.1%)]; [esp (n=135, 95.8%)]; [ace (n= 127, 90.1%)] and [agg n=118, 83.7%)]. Antibiotic-resistant gene detected from the phenotypic resistant isolates were 55/74 (74.3%) vanA; 61/67 (91.1%) tetC; 122/141 (86.5%) blapse1 and 62/91 (68.1%) ermA. Antibiotic-resistant coupled with biofilm formation potential of Enterococcus species include penicillin+biofilm 116 (82.3%); erythromycin+biofilm 85 (60.3%); and vancomycin+biofilm 74 (52.3%). Findings from this study reveal that strains with the ability of forming biofilms have enhanced antimicrobial resistance. Continuous monitoring of slaughterhouses and aquaculture facilities is necessary to guarantee food safety. Key Words: Aquaculture, Biofilm,Enterococcus, Environments, Resistance, Slaughterhouse

scholarly journals Rapid Method for Species-Specific Identification ofVibrio cholerae Using Primers Targeted to the Gene of Outer Membrane Protein OmpW

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 4145-4151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bisweswar Nandi ◽  
Ranjan K. Nandy ◽  
Sarmishtha Mukhopadhyay ◽  
G. Balakrish Nair ◽  
Toshio Shimada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Outer Membrane Protein ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Data ◽  
Specific Identification ◽  
Multiplex Pcr Assay ◽  
Species Specific

The distribution of genes for an outer membrane protein (OmpW) and a regulatory protein (ToxR) in Vibrio cholerae and other organisms was studied using respective primers and probes. PCR amplification results showed that all (100%) of the 254 V. cholerae strains tested were positive for ompW and 229 (∼98%) of 233 were positive for toxR. None of the 40 strains belonging to other Vibrio species produced amplicons with either ompW- or toxR-specific primers, while 80 bacterial strains from other genera tested were also found to be negative by the assay. These studies were extended with representative number of strains using ompW- andtoxR-specific probes in DNA dot blot assay. While theV. cholerae strains reacted with ompW probe, only one (V. mimicus) out of 60 other bacterial strains tested showed weak recognition. In contrast, several strains belonging to other Vibrio species (e.g., V. mimicus,V. splendidus, V. alginolyticus, V. fluvialis, V. proteolyticus, V. aestuarianus, V. salmonicida, V. furnissii, and V. parahaemolyticus) showed weak to strong reactivity to the toxR probe. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and nucleotide sequence data revealed that the ompW sequence is highly conserved among V. cholerae strains belonging to different biotypes and/or serogroups. All of these results suggest that the ompW gene can be targeted for the species-specific identification of V. cholerae strains. The scope of this study was further extended through the development of a one-step multiplex PCR assay for the simultaneous amplification of ompW and ctxAgenes which should be of considerable value in the screening of both toxigenic and nontoxigenic V. cholerae strains of clinical as well as environmental origin.

scholarly journals Exogenous Protein as an Environmental Stimuli of Biofilm Formation in Select Bacterial Strains

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna Ye ◽  
Lekha Bapu ◽  
Mariane Mota Cavalcante ◽  
Jesse Kato ◽  
Maggie Lauria Sneideman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Flavobacterium Columnare ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Fish Pathogens ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Exogenous Protein ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Species Specific

ABSTRACTA screening of environmental conditions that would elicit robust biofilm in a collection ofSerratia marcescensisolated from soil revealed that exogenous milk protein increased biofilm productivity up to ten-fold. A select screening of fish pathogens, freshwater and human isolates identified several other species that responded similarly to exogenous protein. The optimal protein concentration was species specific;S. marcescensat 5% milk protein,Aeromonassp. at 2-3%,Flavobacterium columnareat 1% andPseudomonas aeruginosaat 0.1-0.4%. Media supplemented with milk protein also increased the cell counts in biofilm as well as the protein incorporated into the biofilm matrix. These data suggest that relatively high concentrations of exogenous protein may serve as an environmental trigger for biofilm formation, particularly for pathogenic bacteria exposed to relatively high concentrations of protein in bodily fluids and mucosal surfaces.

scholarly journals Investigation of Potential Reservoirs of Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria in a European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Farm

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1014
Author(s):  
Davide Mugetti ◽  
Katia Varello ◽  
Paolo Pastorino ◽  
Mattia Tomasoni ◽  
Vasco Menconi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
European Sea Bass ◽  
Environmental Resistance ◽  
Hygiene Practices

Fish mycobacteriosis is a widespread global problem caused by species of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Mycobacterium marinum is one of the species most often involved in disease episodes of aquarium and farmed fish. Since there is currently no available effective therapy or vaccine, a prompt search for routes of entry is key to limiting the damage induced by the disease. Here we report a case of mycobacteriosis follow up in a European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) farm located in Northern Italy, in which environmental samples and newly added fish batches were analyzed. Samples from fish present on the farm, sediment, and periphyton all resulted positive for M. marinum, whereas the new fish batches and the water samples resulted negative. The environmental resistance of NTM (alcohol-acid resistance, biofilm formation) and the lack of prophylactic and therapeutic strategies make these diseases difficult to manage. Prompt identification of biotic and abiotic reservoirs, combined with good zootechnical hygiene practices, are the most effective measures to control fish mycobacteriosis in intensive farms.

scholarly journals Activity of Natural Polyether Ionophores: Monensin and Salinomycin against Clinical Staphylococcus epidermidis Strains

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Stefańska ◽  
Karolina Stępień ◽  
Adam Huczyński ◽  
Stefan Tyski
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Bacterial Biofilms ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Natural Substances ◽  
Planktonic Bacteria ◽  
Abiotic Surfaces ◽  
Extracellular Slime

Staphylococcus epidermidis, a coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, is the most important pathogen responsible for chronic nosocomial infections. These bacteria produce extracellular slime and form biofilms on various biotic and abiotic surfaces. Bacterial biofilms are very resistant to standard antimicrobial therapy and difficult to eradicate, so it is important to search for new more effective anti-biofilm agents, for example in the group of natural substances. The aim of the study was to examine the activity of two ionophores-salinomycin and monensin against clinical S. epidermidis strains, using MIC/MBC method and biofilm formation inhibition assay. Bacterial strains were tested also for slime production using Congo Red Agar. Both tested ionophore antibiotics showed the highest activity against planktonic bacteria of clinical as well as standard S. epidermidis strains and effectively inhibited the formation of bacterial biofilm.

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