scholarly journals Asymmetric Data Hiding for Compressed Images with High Payload and Reversibility

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2355
Author(s):  
Juan Lin ◽  
Chin-Chen Chang ◽  
Ji-Hwei Horng
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Data Hiding ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Step Size ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Compressed Images ◽  
Security Research ◽  
Pixel Value

Hiding secret data in digital images is an attractive topic in the information security research area. Because the data-embedded stego image looks exactly the same as a regular image, transmitting secret data with stego images does not draw the attention of eavesdroppers, thus fulfilling the goal of information security. Many reversible data hiding (RDH) methods for absolute moment block truncation coding (AMBTC) compressed images have been proposed. These methods hide secret data in an AMBTC-compressed image to produce a stego image and transmit it to the recipient. Upon receiving the stego image, the recipient can extract the secret data and recover the AMBTC-compressed image. In this paper, we propose an RDH scheme for AMBTC-compressed images with an asymmetric embedding rule. Using the AMBTC-compressed version as the basis, the proposed embedding scheme always modifies a pixel value toward its original value with a step size (bitrate) proportional to the gap width. Therefore, the visual quality of the stego image is better than the referred AMBTC version. Additionally, as a result of the adaptive bitrate strategy, the data embedding capacity of the proposed scheme outperforms that of state-of-the-art methods. The security of the resulting stego images was also tested by RS-steganalysis. Experimental results show that the overall performance of the proposed scheme is satisfactory. We revised it, please confirm.

scholarly journals Taylor expansion based stereo image reversible data hiding

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyang Ying ◽  
Guobing Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
Taylor Expansion ◽  
Stereo Image ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
Stereo Images ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Multi Level

Abstract The reversible data hiding allows original image to be completely recovered from the stego image when the secret data has been extracted, it is has drawn a lot of attentions from researchers. In this paper, a novel Taylor Expansion (TE) based stereo image reversible data hiding method is presented. Since the prediction accuracy is essential to the data hiding performance, a novel TE based predictor using correlations of two views of the stereo image is proposed. TE can fully exploit strong relationships between matched pixels in the stereo image so that the accuracy of the prediction can be improved. Then, histogram shifting is utilized to embed data to decrease distortion of stereo images, and multi-level hiding can increase embedding capacity. Experimental results show that the proposed method is superior to some existing data hiding methods considering embedding capacity and the quality of the stego stereo images.

Image Steganography Using DWT and Semi Hexadecimal Code Based on PSNR

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Balkar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Visual Quality ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Pixel Value ◽  
Better Than

In this paper, a novel image steganography approach is proposed to enhance the visual quality of stego image. The cover image is decomposed using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) to produce wavelet subbands and threshold value is calculated for each higher frequency wavelet subbands. Wavelet coefficients having magnitude larger than the threshold of its subband are selected to embed the secret data. Semi Hexadecimal Code (SHC) is proposed to convert pixel value of secret image into smaller equivalent value so that it distorts stego image as less as possible. Experimental results shows that maximum PSNR between cover image and stego image is more than 75 dB .Proposed approach is also compared with the existing approaches and this comparison shows that the proposed approach is better than the existing approaches. 

scholarly journals Histogram-based multilayer reversible data hiding method for securing secret data

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1128-1134
Author(s):  
Chaidir Chalaf Islamy ◽  
Tohari Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Histogram Shifting ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Sensitive Data ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Potential Methods

In this modern age, data can be easily transferred within networks. This condition has brought the data vulnerable; so they need protection at all times. To minimize this threat, data hiding appears as one of the potential methods to secure data. This protection is done by embedding the secret into various types of data, such as an image. In this case, histogram shifting has been proposed; however, the amount of secret and the respective stego image are still challenging. In this research, we offer a method to improve its performance by performing some steps, for example removing the shifting process and employing multilayer embedding. Here, the embedding is done directly to the peak of the histogram which has been generated by the cover. The experimental results show that this proposed method has a better quality of stego image than existing ones. So, it can be one of possible solutions to protect sensitive data.

scholarly journals A Steganographic Method with an Overlapping of Three Pixel Block of Image

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1427-1431
Keyword(s):  
Visual Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Hiding Capacity ◽  
Pixel Value ◽  
The Common ◽  
Pixel Value Differencing

In this paper a new image steganographic technique has been proposed which is capable of hiding data and produces a stego image that is totally indistinguishable from the original image by the human eye. To estimate the contrast and smoothness of pixels we check the relation between neighboring pixels. Our method first arranges the pixel in ascending manner, then takes the highest pixel value common with the other two pixels and then applies the pixel value differencing (PVD) method. To hide the secret data PVD technique is used in each pixel block. The two overlapping blocks are readjusted to attain the modified three-pixel components. Then calculate the new stego pixel block. In this way, take the middle and lowest pixel as the common pixel and apply the same procedure. In comparison, we get that if the highest value pixel value takes as a common one then the data hiding capacity is increased. The embedding capacity of the cover image is increased by using the pixel block overlapping mechanism. It has been tested on a set of images and also maintains the visual quality of the image.

scholarly journals Protecting Data by Improving Quality of Stego Image based on Enhanced Reduced difference Expansion

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 2468
Author(s):  
Maurice Ntahobari ◽  
Tohari Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Base Point ◽  
Difference Expansion ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
The Past ◽  
Internet Development ◽  
Multimedia File

In this era of internet development, security of information sharing is the main problem faced by human being. Data hiding technique is one of the solutions. However, hiding credential information within a multimedia file such as image reduces its visual quality. Therefore, unauthorized users may suspect the existance of secret data within that image. In the past years, various data hiding algorithms have been developed by researchers to overcome the problem of high distortion of image after data embedding process. Achieving a high quality stego image, however, is still a challenging problem. In this paper, we proposed a new data hiding algorithm based on different expansion. It aims to enhance the quality of stego image for a given payload size. The new algorithm is evaluated on various medical images. Thereafter, the experimental results show that the visual quality is improved; and increasing the embedding capacity leads to more noises. Therefore, a better choice of base point and a reduced difference expansion affect the quality of stego image.

scholarly journals An RGB colour image steganography scheme using overlapping block-based pixel-value differencing

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 161066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiv Prasad ◽  
Arup Kumar Pal
Keyword(s):  
Cover Image ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Colour Image ◽  
Pixel Value ◽  
Block Based ◽  
Pixel Value Differencing

This paper presents a steganographic scheme based on the RGB colour cover image. The secret message bits are embedded into each colour pixel sequentially by the pixel-value differencing (PVD) technique. PVD basically works on two consecutive non-overlapping components; as a result, the straightforward conventional PVD technique is not applicable to embed the secret message bits into a colour pixel, since a colour pixel consists of three colour components, i.e. red, green and blue. Hence, in the proposed scheme, initially the three colour components are represented into two overlapping blocks like the combination of red and green colour components, while another one is the combination of green and blue colour components, respectively. Later, the PVD technique is employed on each block independently to embed the secret data. The two overlapping blocks are readjusted to attain the modified three colour components. The notion of overlapping blocks has improved the embedding capacity of the cover image. The scheme has been tested on a set of colour images and satisfactory results have been achieved in terms of embedding capacity and upholding the acceptable visual quality of the stego-image.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Kualitas Citra Stego pada Adaptive Pixel Block Grouping Reduction Error Expansion dengan Variasi Model Scanning pada Pembentukan Kelompok Piksel

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Hendro Eko Prabowo ◽  
Tohari Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Data Security ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Error Expansion ◽  
Data Adaptive ◽  
Reduction Error ◽  
Carrier Image ◽  
Column Base

<p class="Abstrak">ebutuhan komunikasi yang terus bertambah dan ditandai dengan meningkatnya jumlah <em>IP traffic</em> dari 744 EB menjadi 1.164 EB menjadikan keamanan sebagai salah satu kebutuhan utama dalam menjaga kerahasiaan data. <em>Adaptive Pixel Block Grouping Reduction Error Expansion (APBG-REE)</em> sebagai salah satu metode data hiding dapat diterapkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut. Metode ini akan membagi citra carrier menjadi blok-blok dan membentuknya menjadi kelompok-kelompok piksel. Hasil dari proses ini akan dimanfaatkan untuk menyembunyikan data rahasia. Namun, metode ini memiliki kekurangan, yaitu belum diketahuinya metode <em>scanning</em> terbaik dalam pembentukan kelompok piksel untuk menciptakan citra <em>stego</em> dengan kualitas tinggi. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, kami mengusulkan 4 mode (cara) <em>scanning</em> berdasarkan arah <em>scanning</em> tersebut. Mode <em>scanning</em> tersebut memberikan hasil yang berbeda-beda untuk masing-masing citra <em>stego</em> yang diujikan. Namun berdasarkan hasil uji coba, setiap mode <em>scanning</em> mampu menjaga kualitas citra stego diatas 57,5 dB. Hasil ini akan meningkat seiring dengan berkurangnya jumlah <em>shifted pixel</em> yang terbentuk.</p><p class="Abstrak"> </p><p class="Abstrak"><em><strong>Abstract</strong></em></p><p class="Abstrak"><em>The need of communication has increased continously which is represented by the rise of number of IP traffic, from 744 EB to 1.164 EB. This has made data security one of the main requirements in terms of securing secret data. Adaptive Pixel Block Grouping Reduction Error Expansion (APBG-REE) as one of data hiding methods can be implemented to meet that requirement. It divides the carrier image into blocks which are then used as pixel groups. The result of this process is to be a space for secret data. However, this method has a problem in the scanning when creating pixel groups to generate a high quality stego image. To handle this problem, we propose four scanning models base on its direction. This means that the scanning can be done row-by-row or column-by-column. Base on the experiment, we find that those modes deliver various results and each of them is able to maintain the stego quality of more than 57,5 dB. This result increases along with the decreasing the number of shifted pixels.</em></p>

scholarly journals Data-Hiding Scheme Using Multidirectional Pixel-Value Differencing on Colour Images

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Pyung-Han Kim ◽  
Eun-Jun Yoon ◽  
Kwan-Woo Ryu ◽  
Ki-Hyun Jung
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Human Vision ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Colour Image ◽  
Pixel Value ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pixel Value Differencing

Data hiding is a technique that hides the existence of secret data from malicious attackers. In this paper, we propose a new data-hiding scheme using multidirectional pixel-value differencing, which can embed secret data in two directions or three directions on colour images. The cover colour image is divided into nonoverlapping blocks, and the pixels of each block are decomposed into R, G, and B channels. The pixels of each block perform regrouping, and then the minimum pixel value within each block is selected. The secret data can be embedded into two directions or three directions based on the minimum pixel value by using the difference value for the block. The pixel pairs with the embedded secret data are put separately into two stego images for secret data extraction on receiver sides. In the extraction process, the secret data can be extracted using the difference value of the two stego images. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme has the highest embedding capacity when the secret data are embedded into three directions. Experimental results also show that the proposed scheme has a high embedding capacity while maintaining the degree of distortion that cannot be perceived by human vision system for two directions.

Steganographic data hiding in image processing using predictive differencing

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Weng ◽  
H. Tso ◽  
S. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Data Hiding ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Pixel Value ◽  
Pixel Value Differencing

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a stenography scheme based on predictive differencing to embed data in a grey-image. In order to promote the embedding capacity of pixel-value differencing (PVD), we use differencing between a predictive value and an input pixel as the predictive differencing to embed the message where a predictive value is calculated by using various predictors. If the predictive differencing is large, then it means that the input pixel is located in the edge area and, thus, has a larger embedding capacity than the pixel in a smooth area. The experimental result shows that our proposed scheme is capable of providing greater embedding capacity and high quality of stego-images then previous works. Furthermore, we have also applied various predictors to evaluate our proposed scheme.

scholarly journals Developing audio data hiding scheme using random sample bits with logical operators

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hatem Ali Al-Hooti ◽  
Tohari Ahmad ◽  
Supeno Djanali
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Data Hiding ◽  
Data Security ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Audio File ◽  
Logical Operators ◽  
Audio Data ◽  
Case Data

Sharp development progress of information technology has affected many aspects including data security. This is because classified data are often transferred between systems. In this case, data hiding exists to protect such data. Some methods which have been proposed, however, are not yet optimal concerning the amount of the secret and the quality of the resulted stego data. In this paper, we explore an audio file as the medium to carry the secret data which has been extracted into binary. Before the process begins, the cover is converted to binary and each sample’s bits are divided into two groups, one is used as the location of the embedded 4 bits whereas the second part locates the two bits that are randomly selected as the key. The experimental results have validated that the capacity is high and there is no much impact on the quality. Moreover, compared to the current LSB methods the security is exceedingly enhanced.

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