scholarly journals The Resonant Effect of an Annihilation Channel in the Interaction of the Ultrarelativistic Electron and Positron in the Field of an X-ray Pulsar

Universe ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitriy V. Doroshenko ◽  
Sergei P. Roshchupkin ◽  
Victor V. Dubov
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
External Field ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Fine Structure Constant ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electron Positron ◽  
Resonant Effect ◽  
Electron Positron Pair

We investigated the effects that occur during the circulation of ultrarelativistic electrons and positrons in the field of an X-ray pulsar. A resonant process in annihilation and the subsequent production of the electron–positron pairs were studied theoretically. Under the resonance, the second-order process in an original fine-structure constant process effectively decays to two first order processes of the fine-structure constant: single-photon annihilation of the electron–positron pair stimulated by the external field, and the Breit–Wheeler process (single-photon birth of the electron–positron pair) stimulated by the external field. We show that resonance has a threshold energy for a certain combinational energy of the initial electron and positron. Furthermore, there is a definite small angle between initial ultrarelativistic particles’ momenta, in which resonance takes place. Initial and final electron–positron pairs fly in a narrow cone. We noticed that electron (positron) emission angle defines the energy of the final pair. We show that the resonant cross-section in the field of the X-ray pulsar may significantly exceed the corresponding cross-section without the field (Bhabha cross-section).

scholarly journals Resonant Effect for Breit–Wheeler Process in the Field of an X-ray Pulsar

Universe ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Vitalii D. Serov ◽  
Sergei P. Roshchupkin ◽  
Victor V. Dubov
Keyword(s):  
External Field ◽  
Qualitative Difference ◽  
Threshold Energy ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Fine Structure Constant ◽  
Differential Probability ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electron Positron ◽  
Resonant Effect ◽  
Electron Positron Pair

The resonant process of the creation of an ultrarelativistic electron–positron pair by two hard gamma quanta in the field of an X-ray pulsar (the Breit–Wheeler process modified by an external field) was theoretically studied. Under resonance conditions, the intermediate virtual electron (positron) in the external field becomes a real particle. As a result, there are four reaction channels for the process instead of two. For each of those channels, the initial process of the second order in the fine structure constant in the field of an X-ray pulsar effectively reduces into two successive processes of the first order: X-ray-stimulated Breit–Wheeler process and X-ray-stimulated Compton effect. The resonant kinematics of the process was also studied in detail. The process had characteristic threshold energy, and all initial and final particles had to be ultrarelativistic and propagate in a narrow cone. Furthermore, the resonant energy spectrum of the electron-positron pair significantly depended on emission angles. Clearly, there was a qualitative difference between resonant and nonresonant cases. Lastly, the resonant differential probability of studied process was obtained. The resonant differential probability significantly exceeded the nonresonant one without the external field of an X-ray pulsar.

Resonant Breit-Wheeler process in an external electromagnetic field

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (03) ◽  
pp. 2040027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Pustyntsev ◽  
Victor V. Dubov ◽  
Sergei P. Roshchupkin
Keyword(s):  
Differential Cross Section ◽  
External Field ◽  
Pair Production ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Differential Cross ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Gamma Quantum ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Fine Structure Constant ◽  
Electron Positron

The contemporary research scrutinizes the resonant Breit-Wheeler process in the field of a plane monochromatic electromagnetic wave. Implementing the weak external field condition the processes of electron-positron pair production advances pre-eminently with participation of restrictively two field photons. Thus, within the resonant state the represented process effectively splits into two first-order processes with respect to the fine-structure constant. In details, the effect indicates the single photon pair production with consequent absorption of gamma quantum by an electron (positron) in the field of the wave. We analyze the resonance kinematics precisely. The study determines specific regions in which the interference of resonant amplitudes is absent. Additionally, the computation obtains a resonant differential cross section for the described areas. The corresponding resonant differential cross section significantly exceeds the correlating Breit-Wheeler cross-section without an external field. Various scientific facilities of pulsed laser radiation may experimentally verify the results of these calculations (SLAC, FAIR, XFEL, ELI, XCELS).

scholarly journals Resonant Production of an Ultrarelativistic Electron–Positron Pair at the Gamma Quantum Scattering by a Field of the X-ray Pulsar

Universe ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Vadim A. Yelatontsev ◽  
Sergei P. Roshchupkin ◽  
Viktor V. Dubov
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Quantum ◽  
Threshold Energy ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Fine Structure Constant ◽  
Quantum Scattering ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ultrarelativistic Electron ◽  
Electron Positron ◽  
Resonant Production ◽  
Electron Positron Pair

The process of a resonant production of an ultrarelativistic electron–positron pair in the process of gamma-quantum scattering in the X-ray field of a pulsar is theoretically studied. This process has two reaction channels. Under resonant conditions, an intermediate electron (for a channel A) or a positron (for a channel B) enters the mass shell. As a result, the initial second-order process of the fine-structure constant in the X-ray field effectively splits into two first-order processes: the X-ray field-stimulated Breit–Wheeler process and the the X-ray field-stimulated Compton effect on an intermediate electron or a positron. The resonant kinematics of the process is studied in detail. It is shown that for the initial gamma quantum there is a threshold energy, which for the X-ray photon energy (1–102) keV has the order of magnitude (103–10) MeV. In this case, all the final particles (electron, positron, and final gamma quantum) fly in a narrow cone along the direction of the initial gamma quantum momentum. It is important to note that the energies of the electron–positron pair and the final gamma quantum depend significantly on their outgoing angles. The obtained resonant probability significantly exceeds the non-resonant one. The obtained results can be used to explain the spectrum of positrons near pulsars.

scholarly journals Resonant Ultrarelativistic Electron–Positron Pair Production by High-Energy Electrons in the Field of an X-ray Pulsar

Universe ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgii K. Sizykh ◽  
Sergei P. Roshchupkin ◽  
Victor V. Dubov
Keyword(s):  
Pair Production ◽  
Threshold Energy ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Differential Probability ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Initial Electron ◽  
Ultrarelativistic Electron ◽  
Electron Positron ◽  
Electron Positron Pair

The process of resonant high-energy electron–positron pair production by an ultrarelativistic electron colliding with the field of an X-ray pulsar is theoretically investigated. Resonant kinematics of the process is studied in detail. Under the resonance condition, the intermediate virtual photon in the X-ray pulsar field becomes a real particle. As a result, the initial process of the second order in the fine structure constant effectively reduces into two successive processes of the first order: X-ray-stimulated Compton effect and X-ray-stimulated Breit–Wheeler process. For a high-energy initial electron all the final ultrarelativistic particles propagate in a narrow cone along the direction of the initial electron momentum. The presence of threshold energy for the initial electron which is of order of 100 MeV for 1-KeV-frequency field is shown. At the same time, the energy spectrum of the final particles (two electrons and a positron) highly depends on their exit angles and on the initial electron energy. This result significantly distinguishes the resonant process from the non-resonant one. It is shown that the resonant differential probability significantly exceeds the non-resonant one.

Resonant production of electron-positron pairs by a hard gamma-ray on a nucleus in an external electromagnetic field

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (03) ◽  
pp. 2040025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikita R. Larin ◽  
Victor V. Dubov ◽  
Sergei P. Roshchupkin
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Differential Cross Section ◽  
External Field ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Differential Cross ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
External Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Electron Positron ◽  
Resonant Production

The resonant production of electron-positron pairs by a hard gamma-ray on nucleus in an external electromagnetic field is studied theoretically. The main property of this process is that the initial process of the second order in the fine structure constant in an external field effectively splits into two successive processes of the first order due to the fact that in resonant conditions intermediate virtual electron (positron) becomes a real particle. One of these processes is a single-photoproduction of electron-positron pair in a laser field (laser-stimulated Breit-Wheeler process) another is a laser-assisted scattering of electron (positron) on nucleus (laser-assisted Mott scattering). It is shown that the resonances are possible only for the energies of the initial hard gamma-ray more than the characteristic threshold energy. Resonant differential cross section of this process is obtained. It is shown that the resonant differential cross section can significantly exceed the corresponding cross section without an external field. The obtained results may be experimentally verified using the facilities of pulsed laser radiation (SLAC, FAIR, XFEL, ELI, XCELS).

scholarly journals Recent results on hadron physics at KLOE-2

2019 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Francesca Curciarello
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Fine Structure Constant ◽  
Hadron Physics ◽  
Light Mesons

The KLOE-2 experiment at the Frascati φ−factory ended its data-taking in March 2018 collecting more than 5 fb−1 at the φ peak. The new data sample, together with the KLOE one, corresponds to 2.4 ×1010 φ and 3.1×108 η meson events. It represents the largest sample ever collected at the φ peak in e+e− colliders, allowing to study light mesons with unprecedented statistics. Recent results obtained with KLOE data on hadron physics e.g. – measurement of the running of the fine structure constant below 1 GeV, the combination of hadron cross section measurements with determination of $ a_\mu ^{\pi \pi } $, the new preliminary η → π+π− limit, and progress in γγ studies – will be presented.

scholarly journals Electric Charge and Its Field as Deformed Space

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Shlomo Barak
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Electric Charge ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Electromagnetic Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fine Structure Constant ◽  
Electric Charge Density ◽  
Electron Positron ◽  
Simple Equations ◽  
First Time

The essence of electric charge has been a mystery. So far, no theory has been able to derive the attributes of electric charge, which are: bivalency, stability, quantization, equality of the absolute values of the bivalent charges, the electric field it creates and the radii of the bivalent charges. Our model of the electric charge and its field (this paper) enables us (in additional papers), for the first time, to derive simple equations for the radii and masses of the electron/positron muon/anti-muon and quarks/anti-quarks. These equations contain only the constants G, c, ℏ  and α (the fine structure constant). The calculated results based on these equations comply accurately with the experimental results. In this paper, which serves as a basis for the other papers, we define electric charge density, based on space density. This definition alone, without any phenomenology, yields the theory of Electrostatics. Electrostatics together with Lorentz Transformation is known to yield the entire Maxwell Electromagnetic theory.

scholarly journals On a Possible Logarithmic Connection between Einstein’s Constant and the Fine-Structure Constant, in Relation to a Zero-energy Hypothesis

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-40
Author(s):  
Andrei-Lucian Drăgoi
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
W Boson ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Quadratic Equation ◽  
Elementary Particles ◽  
Fine Structure Constant ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Electron Positron ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Logarithmic Connection

This paper brings into attention a possible logarithmic connection between Einstein’s constant and the fine-structure constant, based on a hypothetical electro-gravitational resistivity of vacuum: we also propose a zero-energy hypothesis (ZEH) which is essentially a conservation principle applied on zero-energy that mainly states a general quadratic equation having a pair of conjugate mass solutions for each set of coefficients, thus predicting a new type of mass “symmetry” called here “mass conjugation” between elementary particles (EPs) which predicts the zero/non-zero rest masses of all known/unknown EPs to be conjugated in boson-fermion pairs; ZEH proposes a general formula for all the rest masses of all EPs from Standard model, also indicating a possible bijective connection between the three types of neutrinos and the massless bosons (photon, gluon and the hypothetical graviton), between the electron/positron and the W boson and predicting two distinct types of neutral massless fermions (modelled as conjugates of the Higgs boson and Z boson respectively) which are plausible candidates for dark energy and dark matter. ZEH also offers a new interpretation of Planck length as the approximate length threshold above which the rest masses of all known elementary particles have real number values (with mass units) instead of complex/imaginary number values (as predicted by the unique quadratic equation proposed by ZEH).

scholarly journals Probing the Time Variation of a Fine Structure Constant Using Galaxy Clusters and the Quintessence Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 922 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Zhi-E Liu ◽  
Wen-Fei Liu ◽  
Tong-Jie Zhang ◽  
Zhong-Xu Zhai ◽  
Kamal Bora
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Galaxy Clusters ◽  
Time Variation ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Galaxy Cluster ◽  
Fine Structure Constant ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Sunyaev Zel'dovich Effect ◽  
Quintessence Model

Abstract We explore a possible time variation of the fine structure constant (α ≡ e 2/ℏ c) using the Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect measurements of galaxy clusters along with their X-ray observations. Specifically, the ratio of the integrated Comptonization parameter Y SZ D A 2 and its X-ray counterpart Y X is used as an observable to constrain the bounds on the variation of α. Considering the violation of the cosmic distance duality relation, this ratio depends on the fine structure constant of ∼ α 3. We use the quintessence model to provide the origin of α time variation. In order to give a robust test on α variation, two galaxy cluster samples, the 61 clusters provided by the Planck collaboration and the 58 clusters detected by the South Pole Telescope (SPT), are collected for analysis. Their X-ray observations are given by the XMM-Newton survey. Our results give ζ = − 0.203 − 0.099 + 0.101 for the Planck sample and ζ = − 0.043 − 0.148 + 0.165 for the SPT sample, indicating that α is constant with redshift within 3σ and 1σ for the two samples, respectively.

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