scholarly journals Results of Search for Magnetized Quark-Nugget Dark Matter from Radial Impacts on Earth

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
J. Pace VanDevender ◽  
Robert G. Schmitt ◽  
Niall McGinley ◽  
David G. Duggan ◽  
Seamus McGinty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Energy Deposition ◽  
Interaction Cross Section ◽  
Dark Matter Candidate ◽  
Surface Magnetic Field ◽  
Sufficient Energy ◽  
Normal Matter ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Water Saturated

Magnetized quark nuggets (MQNs) are a recently proposed dark-matter candidate consistent with the Standard Model and with Tatsumi’s theory of quark-nugget cores in magnetars. Previous publications have covered their formation in the early universe, aggregation into a broad mass distribution before they can decay by the weak force, interaction with normal matter through their magnetopause, and a first observation consistent MQNs: a nearly tangential impact limiting their surface-magnetic-field parameter Bo from Tatsumi’s ~1012+/−1 T to 1.65 × 1012 T +/− 21%. The MQN mass distribution and interaction cross section strongly depend on Bo. Their magnetopause is much larger than their geometric dimensions and can cause sufficient energy deposition to form non-meteorite craters, which are reported approximately annually. We report computer simulations of the MQN energy deposition in water-saturated peat, soft sediments, and granite, and report the results from excavating such a crater. Five points of agreement between observations and hydrodynamic simulations of an MQN impact support this second observation being consistent with MQN dark matter and suggest a method for qualifying additional MQN events. The results also redundantly constrain Bo to ≥ 4 × 1011 T.

scholarly journals Limits on Magnetized Quark-Nugget Dark Matter From Episodic Natural Events

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pace VanDevender ◽  
Aaron P. VanDevender ◽  
Peter Wilson ◽  
Benjamin F. Hammel ◽  
Niall McGinley
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Rotational Velocity ◽  
Dark Matter Candidate ◽  
Surface Magnetic Field ◽  
Strange Quarks ◽  
Episodic Events ◽  
Normal Matter ◽  
Quark Nuggets

A quark nugget is a hypothetical dark-matter candidate composed of approximately equal numbers of up, down, and strange quarks. Most models of quark nuggets do not include effects of their intrinsic magnetic field. However, Tatsumi used a mathematically tractable approximation of the Standard Model of Particle Physics and found that the cores of magnetar pulsars may be quark-nuggets in a ferromagnetic-liquid state with surface magnetic field Bo = $10^(12±1) T. We have applied that result to quark-nugget dark matter. Previous work addressed the formation and aggregation of magnetized quark nuggets (MQNs) into a broad and magnetically stabilized mass distribution before they could decay and addressed their interaction with normal matter through their magnetopause, losing translational velocity while gaining rotational velocity and radiating electromagnetic energy. The two orders of magnitude uncertainty in Tatsumi’s estimate for Bo precludes the practical design of systematic experiments to detect MQNs through their predicted interaction with matter. In this paper, we examine episodic events consistent with a unique signature of MQNs. If they are indeed caused by MQNs, they constrain the most likely values of Bo = 1.65 × 10^12 T +/- 21% and support the design of definitive tests of the MQN dark-matter hypothesis.

scholarly journals Limits on Magnetized Quark-Nugget Dark Matter from Episodic Natural Events

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
J. Pace VanDevender ◽  
Aaron P. VanDevender ◽  
Peter Wilson ◽  
Benjamin F. Hammel ◽  
Niall McGinley
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Rotational Velocity ◽  
Dark Matter Candidate ◽  
Surface Magnetic Field ◽  
Strange Quarks ◽  
Episodic Events ◽  
Normal Matter ◽  
Quark Nuggets

A quark nugget is a hypothetical dark-matter candidate composed of approximately equal numbers of up, down, and strange quarks. Most models of quark nuggets do not include effects of their intrinsic magnetic field. However, Tatsumi used a mathematically tractable approximation of the Standard Model of Particle Physics and found that the cores of magnetar pulsars may be quark nuggets in a ferromagnetic liquid state with surface magnetic field Bo = 1012±1 T. We have applied that result to quark-nugget dark matter. Previous work addressed the formation and aggregation of magnetized quark nuggets (MQNs) into a broad and magnetically stabilized mass distribution before they could decay and addressed their interaction with normal matter through their magnetopause, losing translational velocity while gaining rotational velocity and radiating electromagnetic energy. The two orders of magnitude uncertainty in Tatsumi’s estimate for Bo precludes the practical design of systematic experiments to detect MQNs through their predicted interaction with matter. In this paper, we examine episodic events consistent with a unique signature of MQNs. If they are indeed caused by MQNs, they constrain the most likely values of Bo to 1.65 × 1012 T +/− 21% and support the design of definitive tests of the MQN dark-matter hypothesis.

scholarly journals Symmergent Gravity, Seesawic New Physics, and Their Experimental Signatures

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durmuş Demir
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Planck Scale ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Dark Matter Candidate ◽  
Uv Sensitivity ◽  
Gauge Symmetries ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Zero Coupling

The standard model of elementary particles (SM) suffers from various problems, such as power-law ultraviolet (UV) sensitivity, exclusion of general relativity (GR), and absence of a dark matter candidate. The LHC experiments, according to which the TeV domain appears to be empty of new particles, started sidelining TeV-scale SUSY and other known cures of the UV sensitivity. In search for a remedy, in this work, it is revealed that affine curvature can emerge in a way restoring gauge symmetries explicitly broken by the UV cutoff. This emergent curvature cures the UV sensitivity and incorporates GR as symmetry-restoring emergent gravity (symmergent gravity, in brief) if a new physics sector (NP) exists to generate the Planck scale and if SM+NP is Fermi-Bose balanced. This setup, carrying fingerprints of trans-Planckian SUSY, predicts that gravity is Einstein (no higher-curvature terms), cosmic/gamma rays can originate from heavy NP scalars, and the UV cutoff might take right value to suppress the cosmological constant (alleviating fine-tuning with SUSY). The NP does not have to couple to the SM. In fact, NP-SM coupling can take any value from zero to ΛSM2/ΛNP2 if the SM is not to jump from ΛSM≈500  GeV to the NP scale ΛNP. The zero coupling, certifying an undetectable NP, agrees with all the collider and dark matter bounds at present. The seesawic bound ΛSM2/ΛNP2, directly verifiable at colliders, implies that (i) dark matter must have a mass ≲ΛSM, (ii) Higgs-curvature coupling must be ≈1.3%, (iii) the SM RGEs must remain nearly as in the SM, and (iv) right-handed neutrinos must have a mass ≲1000  TeV. These signatures serve as a concise testbed for symmergence.

scholarly journals Big Bang Nucleosynthesis in Visible and Hidden-Mirror Sectors

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Paolo Ciarcelluti
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Dark Matter Candidate ◽  
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Big Bang ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Mirror Matter

One of the still viable candidates for the dark matter is the so-called mirror matter. Its cosmological and astrophysical implications were widely studied, pointing out the importance to go further with research. In particular, the Big Bang nucleosynthesis provides a strong test for every dark matter candidate, since it is well studied and involves relatively few free parameters. The necessity of accurate studies of primordial nucleosynthesis with mirror matter has then emerged. I present here the results of accurate numerical simulations of the primordial production of both ordinary nuclides and nuclides made of mirror baryons, in presence of a hidden mirror sector with unbroken parity symmetry and with gravitational interactions only. These elements are the building blocks of all the structures forming in the Universe; therefore, their chemical composition is a key ingredient for astrophysics with mirror dark matter. The production of ordinary nuclides shows differences from the standard model for a ratio of the temperatures between mirror and ordinary sectorsx=T′/T≳0.3, and they present an interesting decrease of the abundance ofLi7. For the mirror nuclides, instead, one observes an enhanced production ofHe4, which becomes the dominant element forx≲0.5, and much larger abundances of heavier elements.

scholarly journals SUPERSYMMETRIC U(1) GAUGE REALIZATION OF THE DARK SCALAR DOUBLET MODEL OF RADIATIVE NEUTRINO MASS

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 721-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERNEST MA
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Supersymmetric Standard Model ◽  
Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model ◽  
Neutrino Mass ◽  
Dark Matter Candidate ◽  
Neutrino Masses ◽  
Particle Interactions ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Doublet Model

Adding a second scalar doublet (η+, η0) and three neutral singlet fermions N1, 2, 3 to the Standard Model of particle interactions with a new Z2 symmetry, it has been shown that [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] is a good dark-matter candidate and seesaw neutrino masses are generated radiatively. A supersymmetric U(1) gauge extension of this new idea is proposed, which enforces the usual R-parity of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, and allows this new Z2 symmetry to emerge as a discrete remnant.

scholarly journals A chiral model for sterile neutrino

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Liu ◽  
Yakefu Reyimuaji
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gauge Symmetry ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Sterile Neutrino ◽  
Chiral Model ◽  
Dark Matter Candidate ◽  
Natural Explanation ◽  
The Standard Model

Abstract A model, which extends the standard model with a new chiral U(1)′ gauge symmetry sector, for the eV-mass sterile neutrino is constructed. It is basically fixed by anomaly free conditions. The lightness of the sterile neutrino has a natural explanation. As a by product, this model provides a WIMP-like dark matter candidate.

scholarly journals Collider signatures of coannihilating dark matter in light of the B-physics anomalies

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Baker ◽  
Darius A. Faroughy ◽  
Sokratis Trifinopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Bound States ◽  
B Physics ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Dark Matter Candidate ◽  
Final States ◽  
Dark Sector ◽  
Decay Modes ◽  
The Standard Model

Abstract Motivated by UV explanations of the B-physics anomalies, we study a dark sector containing a Majorana dark matter candidate and a coloured coannihilation partner, connected to the Standard Model predominantly via a U1 vector leptoquark. A TeV scale U1 leptoquark, which couples mostly to third generation fermions, is the only successful single-mediator description of the B-physics anomalies. After calculating the dark matter relic surface, we focus on the most promising experimental avenue: LHC searches for the coloured coannihilation partner. We find that the coloured partner hadronizes and forms meson-like bound states leading to resonant signatures at colliders reminiscent of the quarkonia decay modes in the Standard Model. By recasting existing dilepton and monojet searches we exclude coannihilation partner masses less than 280 GeV and 400 GeV, respectively. Since other existing collider searches do not significantly probe the parameter space, we propose a new dedicated search strategy for pair production of the coloured partner decaying into bbττ final states and dark matter particles. This search is expected to probe the model up to dark matter masses around 600 GeV with current luminosity.

scholarly journals Mass distribution of magnetized quark-nugget dark matter and comparison with requirements and observations

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pace VanDevender ◽  
Ian M. Shoemaker ◽  
T. Sloan ◽  
Aaron P. VanDevender ◽  
Benjamin A. Ulmen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Ferromagnetic State ◽  
Gluon Plasma ◽  
Peat Bogs ◽  
Mass Distributions ◽  
Normal Matter ◽  
Expansion Of The Universe ◽  
Quark Nuggets

Abstract Quark nuggets are a candidate for dark matter consistent with the Standard Model. Previous models of quark nuggets have investigated properties arising from their being composed of strange, up, and down quarks and have not included any effects caused by their self-magnetic field. However, Tatsumi found that the core of a magnetar star may be a quark nugget in a ferromagnetic state with core magnetic field Bsurface = 1012±1 T. We apply Tatsumi’s result to quark-nugget dark-matter and report results on aggregation of magnetized quark nuggets (MQNs) after formation from the quark-gluon plasma until expansion of the universe freezes out the mass distribution to ~ 10−24 kg to ~ 1014 kg. Aggregation overcomes weak-interaction decay. Computed mass distributions show MQNs are consistent with requirements for dark matter and indicate that geologic detectors (craters in peat bogs) and space-based detectors (satellites measuring radio-frequency emissions after passage through normal matter) should be able to detect MQN dark matter. Null and positive observations narrow the range of a key parameter Bo ~ Bsurface to 1 × 1011 T < Bo ≤ 3 × 1012 T.

scholarly journals DARK MATTER CANDIDATE FROM CONFORMALITY

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 931-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. FRAMPTON
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Weak Interaction ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Dark Matter Candidate ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Relic Density ◽  
Baryonic Dark Matter

Abelian quiver gauge theories provide candidates for the conformality approach to physics beyond the standard model which possess novel cancellation mechanisms for quadratic divergences. A Z2 symmetry ( R parity) can be imposed and leads naturally to a dark matter candidate which is the Lightest Conformality Particle (LCP), a neutral spin-1 / 2 state with weak interaction annihilation cross-section, mass in the 100 GeV region and relic density of non-baryonic dark matter Ωdm which can be consistent with the observed value Ωdm≃0.24.

scholarly journals ANNIHILATION CROSS SECTIONS AND INTERACTION COUPLINGS OF THE DARK MATTER CANDIDATES IN THE WARPED AND FLAT EXTRA DIMENSIONS

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 1187-1197
Author(s):  
E. O. ILTAN
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Extra Dimension ◽  
Zero Mode ◽  
Higgs Field ◽  
Dark Matter Candidate ◽  
Effective Coupling ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
The Standard Model

We consider a scenario with an additional scalar standard model singlet ϕS, living in a single extra dimension of the RS1 background. The zero mode of this scalar which is localized in the extra dimension is a dark matter candidate and the annihilation cross section is strongly sensitive to its localization parameter. As a second scenario, we assume that the standard model Higgs field is accessible to the fifth flat extra dimension. At first we take the additional standard model singlet scalar field as accessible to the sixth extra dimension and its zero mode is a possible dark matter candidate. Second, we consider that the new standard model singlet, the dark matter candidate, lives in four dimensions. In both choices the KK modes of the standard model Higgs field play an observable role for the large values of the compactification radius R and the effective coupling λS is of the order of 10-2–10-1 (10-6) far from (near to) the resonant annihilation.

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