scholarly journals Following in the Footsteps of the Chikungunya Virus in Brazil: The First Autochthonous Cases in Amapá in 2014 and Its Emergence in Rio de Janeiro during 2016

Viruses ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiara de Souza ◽  
Edcelha Ribeiro ◽  
Valmir Corrêa ◽  
Paulo Damasco ◽  
Carla Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Conjunctival Hyperemia ◽  
East Central ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
First Time ◽  
Central South ◽  
A226v Mutation

Currently, Brazil lives a triple arboviruses epidemic (DENV, ZIKV and CHIKV) making the differential diagnosis difficult for health professionals. Here, we aimed to investigate chikungunya cases and the possible occurrence of co-infections during the epidemic in Amapá (AP) that started in 2014 when the first autochthonous cases were reported and in Rio de Janeiro (RJ) in 2016. We further performed molecular characterization and genotyping of representative strains. In AP, 51.4% of the suspected cases were confirmed for CHIKV, 71.0% (76/107). Of those, 24 co-infections by CHIKV/DENV, two by CHIKV/DENV-1, and two by CHIKV/DENV-4 were observed. In RJ, 76.9% of the suspected cases were confirmed for CHIKV and co-infections by CHIKV/DENV (n = 8) and by CHIKV/ZIKV (n = 17) were observed. Overall, fever, arthralgia, myalgia, prostration, edema, exanthema, conjunctival hyperemia, lower back pain, dizziness, nausea, retroorbital pain, and anorexia were the predominating chikungunya clinical symptoms described. All strains analyzed from AP belonged to the Asian genotype and no amino acid changes were observed. In RJ, the East-Central-South-African genotype (ECSA) circulation was demonstrated and no E1-A226V mutation was observed. Despite this, an E1-V156A substitution was characterized in two samples and for the first time, the E1-K211T mutation was reported in all samples analyzed.

scholarly journals Molecular Epidemiology, Evolution and Reemergence of Chikungunya Virus in South Asia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadim Sharif ◽  
Mithun Kumar Sarkar ◽  
Rabeya Nahar Ferdous ◽  
Shamsun Nahar Ahmed ◽  
Md. Baki Billah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
South African ◽  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
East Central ◽  
Vector Mosquito ◽  
Central South

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a vector (mosquito)-transmitted alphavirus (family Togaviridae). CHIKV can cause fever and febrile illness associated with severe arthralgia and rash. Genotypic and phylogenetic analysis are important to understand the spread of CHIKV during epidemics and the diversity of circulating strains for the prediction of effective control measures. Molecular epidemiologic analysis of CHIKV is necessary to understand the complex interaction of vectors, hosts and environment that influences the genotypic evolution of epidemic strains. In this study, different works published during 1950s to 2020 concerning CHIKV evolution, epidemiology, vectors, phylogeny, and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Outbreaks of CHIKV have been reported from Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Maldives in South Asia during 2007–2020. Three lineages- Asian, East/Central/South African (ECSA), and Indian Ocean Lineage (IOL) are circulating in South Asia. Lineage, ECSA and IOL became predominant over Asian lineage in South Asian countries during 2011–2020 epidemics. Further, the mutant E1-A226V is circulating in abundance with Aedes albopictus in India, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Bhutan. CHIKV is underestimated as clinical symptoms of CHIKV infection merges with the symptoms of dengue fever in South Asia. Failure to inhibit vector mediated transmission and predict epidemics of CHIKV increase the risk of larger global epidemics in future. To understand geographical spread of CHIKV, most of the studies focused on CHIKV outbreak, biology, pathogenesis, infection, transmission, and treatment. This updated study will reveal the collective epidemiology, evolution and phylogenies of CHIKV, supporting the necessity to investigate the circulating strains and vectors in South Asia.

scholarly journals First report of the East-Central South African Genotype of Chikungunya Virus in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiara Manuele Alves de Souza ◽  
Elzinandes Leal de Azeredo ◽  
Jéssica Badolato Corrêa da Silva ◽  
Paulo Vieira Damasco ◽  
Carla Cunha Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
South African ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
East Central ◽  
The North ◽  
Igm Elisa ◽  
Central South

AbstractBackgroundChikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an arbovirus that causes an acute febrile illness characterized by severe and debilitating arthralgia. In Brazil, the Asian and East-Central South African (ECSA) genotypes are circulating in the north and northeast of the country, respectively. In 2015, the first autochthonous cases in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil were reported but until now the circulating strains have not been characterized. Therefore, we aimed here to perform the molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of CHIKV strains circulating in the 2016 outbreak occurred in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro.MethodsThe cases analyzed in this study were collected at a private Hospital, from April 2016 to May 2016, during the chikungunya outbreak in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. All cases were submitted to the Real Time RT-PCR for CHIKV genome detection and to anti-CHIKV IgM ELISA. Chikungunya infection was laboratorially confirmed by at least one diagnostic method and, randomly selected positive cases (n=10), were partially sequenced (CHIKV E1 gene) and analyzed.ResultsThe results showed that all the samples grouped in ECSA genotype branch and the molecular characterization of the fragment did not reveal the A226V mutation in the Rio de Janeiro strains analyzed, but a K211T amino acid substitution was observed for the first time in all samples and a V156A substitution in two of ten samples.ConclusionsPhylogenetic analysis and molecular characterization reveals the circulation of the ECSA genotype of CHIKV in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and two amino acids substitutions (K211T and V156A) exclusive to the CHIKV strains obtained during the 2016 epidemic, were reported.

The first dominant co-circulation of both dengue and chikungunya viruses during the post-monsoon period of 2010 in Delhi, India

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (7) ◽  
pp. 1337-1342 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. SINGH ◽  
V. MITTAL ◽  
M. M. A. RIZVI ◽  
M. CHHABRA ◽  
P. SHARMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
Monsoon Period ◽  
East Central ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Genotype Iii ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
First Time ◽  
Central South

SUMMARYIndependent outbreaks of dengue virus (DENV) infection and sporadic cases of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) have been recorded in the metropolitan city of Delhi on several occasions in the past. However, during a recent 2010 arboviral outbreak in Delhi many cases turned negative for DENV. This prompted us to use duplex reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (D-RT–PCR) to establish the aetiology of dengue/chikungunya through sequencing of CprM and E1 genes of dengue and chikungunya viruses. Interestingly, for the first time, both DENV and CHIKV co-circulated simultaneously and in equally dominant proportion during the post-monsoon period of 2010. DENV-1 genotype III and the East Central South African genotype of CHIKV were associated with post-monsoon spread of these viruses.

scholarly journals Emergence of the East-Central-South-African genotype of Chikungunya virus in Brazil and the city of Rio de Janeiro may have occurred years before surveillance detection

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Moreno L. Souza ◽  
Yasmine Rangel Vieira ◽  
Edson Delatorre ◽  
Giselle Barbosa-Lima ◽  
Raul Leal Faria Luiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
East Central ◽  
The City ◽  
Central South

scholarly journals Emergence of the East-Central-South-African genotype of Chikungunya virus in Brazil and the city of Rio de Janeiro may have occurred years before surveillance detection

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Moreno L. Souza ◽  
Yasmine Rangel Vieira ◽  
Edson Delatorre ◽  
Giselle Barbosa-Lima ◽  
Raul Leal Faria Luiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
East Central ◽  
Bayesian Credible Interval ◽  
Arbovirus Infection ◽  
Viral Surveillance ◽  
The City ◽  
Central South

AbstractBrazil, which is hyperendemic for dengue virus (DENV), has had recentZika(ZIKV) and (CHIKV)Chikungunyavirus outbreaks. Since March 2016, CHIKV is the arbovirus infection most frequently diagnosed in Rio de Janeiro. In the analysis of 1835 syndromic patients, screened by real time RT-PCR, 56.4% of the cases were attributed to CHIKV, 29.6% to ZIKV, and 14.1% to DENV-4. Sequence analyses of CHIKV from sixteen samples revealed that the East-Central-South-African(ECSA) genotype of CHIKV has been circulating in Brazil since 2013 [95% bayesian credible interval (BCI): 03/2012-10/2013], almost a year before it was detected by arbovirus surveillance program. Brazilian cases are related to Central African Republic sequences from 1980’s. To the best of our knowledge, given the available sequence published here and elsewhere, the ECSA genotype was likely introduced to Rio de Janeiro early on 2014 (02/2014; BCI: 07/2013-08/2014) through a single event, after primary circulation in the Bahia state at the Northestern Brazil in the previous year. The observation that the ECSA genotype of CHIKV was circulating undetected underscores the need for improvements in molecular methods for viral surveillance.

scholarly journals Circulation of chikungunya virus East/Central/South African lineage in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e0217871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joilson Xavier ◽  
Marta Giovanetti ◽  
Vagner Fonseca ◽  
Julien Thézé ◽  
Tiago Gräf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
East Central ◽  
African Lineage ◽  
Central South

scholarly journals Detection of a chikungunya outbreak in Central Italy, August to September 2017

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (39) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulietta Venturi ◽  
Marco Di Luca ◽  
Claudia Fortuna ◽  
Maria Elena Remoli ◽  
Flavia Riccardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vector Control ◽  
South African ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Blood Donations ◽  
East Central ◽  
African Strain ◽  
Diagnostic Delays ◽  
Central South ◽  
A226v Mutation

An autochthonous chikungunya outbreak is ongoing near Anzio, a coastal town in the province of Rome. The virus isolated from one patient and mosquitoes lacks the A226V mutation and belongs to an East Central South African strain. As of 20 September, 86 cases are laboratory-confirmed. The outbreak proximity to the capital, its late summer occurrence, and diagnostic delays, are favouring transmission. Vector control, enhanced surveillance and restricted blood donations are being implemented in affected areas.

Isolation and molecular characterization of Chikungunya virus from the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago, India: evidence of an East, Central, and South African genotype

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 1073-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Muruganandam ◽  
I.K. Chaaithanya ◽  
G.S. Senthil ◽  
A.N. Shriram ◽  
D. Bhattacharya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
South African ◽  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
East Central ◽  
Chikungunya Fever ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time ◽  
Virus Isolates

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an Alphavirus belonging to the family Togaviridae. In 2006, CHIKV infection struck the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago, with an attack rate of 60%. There were more than 10 cases with acute flaccid paralysis simulating the Guillian Barre Syndrome. The majority of the patients presented severe joint pain. The cause for such an explosive nature of the outbreak with increased morbidity was not known. The isolation of CHIKV was attempted and succeeded from nine subjects presenting clinical symptoms of Chikungunya fever. The cDNA of all the isolates was sequenced for partial E1 and nsP1 genes. Sequences were aligned based on the double locus sequence typing concept. The phylogenetic analysis shows that sequences of Andaman isolates grouped with the East, Central, and South African genotype of virus isolates from India, Sri Lanka, and Réunion. The genetic distance between Andaman isolates and the Réunion isolates was very small. The phylogenetic analysis confirmed the origin of the isolates responsible for the first ever confirmed CHIKV outbreak in these islands to be the East, Central, and South African genotype. In this manuscript, we discuss the involvement of the East, Central, and South African strain with the Chikungunya fever outbreak in this archipelago and double locus sequence typing as a first time approach.

scholarly journals First Report of the East-Central South African Genotype of Chikungunya Virus in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

PLoS Currents ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiara Manuele Alves Souza ◽  
Elzinandes Leal Azeredo ◽  
Jessica Badolato-Corrêa ◽  
Paulo Vieira Damasco ◽  
Carla Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
East Central ◽  
First Report ◽  
Central South

scholarly journals Complete Coding Sequence of a Case of Chikungunya Virus Imported into Australia

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bixing Huang ◽  
Alyssa T. Pyke ◽  
Jamie McMahon ◽  
David Warrilow
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Real Time ◽  
South African ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
East Central ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Central South

ABSTRACT A case of chikungunya virus infection was imported from India into Australia in late 2016. Infection was diagnosed by real-time reverse transcription-PCR and confirmed by culture isolation and genome sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis of the genome sequence indicated that the virus grouped with the east/central/south African genotype.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document