scholarly journals Evaluation of Antibody Response to Heterologous Prime–Boost Vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BNT162b2: An Observational Study

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1478
Author(s):  
Davide Firinu ◽  
Andrea Perra ◽  
Marcello Campagna ◽  
Roberto Littera ◽  
Federico Meloni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Booster Dose ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Vector Vaccine ◽  
Boost Vaccination ◽  
Serum Igg

In several countries, thrombotic events after vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 have led to heterologous messenger RNA (mRNA) boosting. We tested the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein four weeks after heterologous priming with the ChAdOx1 (ChAd) vector vaccine followed by boosting with BNT162b2(ChAd/BNT), comparing data of homologous regimen (BNT/BNT, ChAd/ChAd) subjects positive for SARS-CoV-2 after the first dose of BNT162b2 (BNT1dose/CoV2) and convalescent COVID-19. Methods: healthy subjects naïve for SARS-CoV-2 infection were assessed for serum IgG anti-S-RBD response 21 days after priming (T1), 4 (TFULL) and 15 (T15W) weeks after booster dose. Results: The median IgG anti-S-RBD levels at TFULL of Chad/BNT group were significantly higher than the BNT/BNT group and ChAd/ChAd. Those of BNT/BNT group were significantly higher than ChAd/ChAd. IgG anti-S-RBD of BNT1dose/CoV2 group were similar to BNT/BNT, ChAd/BNT and ChAd/Chad group. The levels among COVID-19 convalescents were significantly lower than ChAd/BNT, BNT/BNT, ChAd/Chad and BNT1dose/CoV2. The proportion of subjects reaching an anti-S-RBD titer >75 AU/mL, correlated with high neutralizing titer, was 94% in ChAd/BNT and BNT/BNT, 60% in BNT1dose/CoV2, 25% in ChAd/ChAd and 4.2% in convalescents. At T15W the titer of ChAd/BNT was still significantly higher than other vaccine schedules, while the anti-S-RBD decline was reduced for ChAd/ChAd and similar for other combinations. Conclusion: Our data highlight the magnitude of IgG anti-S-RBD response in ChAd/BNT dosing, supporting the current national guidelines for heterologous boosting

scholarly journals Successful Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Antibody Response to Vaccination in MAGT1 Deficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215265672110562
Author(s):  
Maaz Jalil ◽  
Marija Rowane ◽  
Jayanth Rajan ◽  
Robert Hostoffer
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Office Visit ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus Infection ◽  
Protein Antigens ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Post Vaccination

Background Novel messenger RNA vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) have been vital in resolving the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Detection of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S) confirms immunogenicity with high sensitivity and specificity. Few recent studies with primary and secondary immunodeficient cohorts present adequate or reduced antibody response. We describe the first reported successful response to anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibody post-vaccination in magnesium transporter 1 (MAGT1) gene deficiency, more commonly recognized as x-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr Virus infection, and neoplasia (XMEN). Case Presentation We present a 30-year-old male with selective anti-polysaccharide antibody deficiency, peripheral blood CD5  +  /CD19  +  B-cell predominance (97%), MAGT1 mutation, and reduced CD16  +  CD56  +  natural killer- and/or CD8  +  T-cell receptor, Group 2, Member D expression. His initial immunological evaluation revealed all seronegative post-vaccination antibody titers but clinically adequate response to protein antigens tetanus and diphtheria anti-toxoids. COVID-19 vaccination and associated serology antibody testing was recommended at this office visit. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin (Ig)M and IgG antibodies before and after the first BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine doses, as well as nucleocapsid antibody, were negative. S protein total antibody was reactive after the second dose. Discussion Robust immunological sequelae post-COVID-19 vaccination in the general population are well-documented in the recent literature. Few studies have evaluated COVID-19 vaccination antibody response in immunodeficient patients. The majority positive anti-S antibody detection in most primary immunodeficient (PID) patients among the few studies in the literature, such as the present case, support the safety and efficacy of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in immunodeficient patients, although larger scale studies are needed. Conclusion We demonstrate successful vaccination in the PID MAGT1 deficiency in this first reported case of reactive anti-S antibody post-COVID-19 vaccination.

scholarly journals High antibody response to two-dose SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA vaccination in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases

2021 ◽  
pp. annrheumdis-2021-220656
Author(s):  
Jake A Ruddy ◽  
Caoilfhionn Marie Connolly ◽  
Brian J Boyarsky ◽  
William A Werbel ◽  
Lisa Christopher-Stine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
High Antibody

scholarly journals Immunological imprinting of the antibody response in COVID-19 patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Aydillo ◽  
Alexander Rombauts ◽  
Daniel Stadlbauer ◽  
Sadaf Aslam ◽  
Gabriela Abelenda-Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Nucleocapsid Protein ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Variable Regions ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Human Coronaviruses

AbstractIn addition to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), humans are also susceptible to six other coronaviruses, for which consecutive exposures to antigenically related and divergent seasonal coronaviruses are frequent. Despite the prevalence of COVID-19 pandemic and ongoing research, the nature of the antibody response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is unclear. Here we longitudinally profile the early humoral immune response against SARS-CoV-2 in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and quantify levels of pre-existing immunity to OC43, HKU1 and 229E seasonal coronaviruses, and find a strong back-boosting effect to conserved but not variable regions of OC43 and HKU1 betacoronaviruses spike protein. However, such antibody memory boost to human coronaviruses negatively correlates with the induction of IgG and IgM against SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid protein. Our findings thus provide evidence of immunological imprinting by previous seasonal coronavirus infections that can potentially modulate the antibody profile to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

scholarly journals How Does a COVID mRNA vaccine really work?

Ubiquity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (July) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Walter Tichy
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Foreign Protein ◽  
The Real ◽  
Virus Rna ◽  
German Company ◽  
The Media ◽  
The U.S

The most potent weapon against COVID-19 is a vaccine based on messenger RNA (mRNA). The first of these vaccines authorized for use was developed by the German company BioNTech in cooperation with Pfizer, closely followed by the (U.S.-produced) Moderna vaccine. These vaccines send a piece of mRNA into cells of a host. The mRNA instructs the cells to produce masses of the same spike protein that also occurs on the shell of the real coronavirus. The immune system responds by learning to destroy anything showing that protein: if the real virus arrives, the immune system will attack it immediately. This much has been reported widely by the media. But important questions remain. How is mRNA actually synthesized as a transcription of the spike-producing segment of the virus' RNA? How is the selection and replication done? How does mRNA enter a host cell, and how long will it stay there? Will it produce the spike protein forever? Is it perhaps dangerous? And the biggest question of all: How does the immune system record the structure of the foreign protein, how does it recognize the invader, and how is the immune response cranked up? To answer these questions, we bring you a conversation between Ubiquity editor Walter Tichy and his daughter Dr. Evelyn Tichy, an infectious disease expert.

scholarly journals Laminar flow ventilation system to prevent airborne infection during exercise in the COVID-19 crisis: A single-center observational study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0257549
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Katsumata ◽  
Motoaki Sano ◽  
Hiroki Okawara ◽  
Tomonori Sawada ◽  
Daisuke Nakashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Anaerobic Exercise ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Respiratory Droplets ◽  
Single Center Observational Study

Particulate generation occurs during exercise-induced exhalation, and research on this topic is scarce. Moreover, infection-control measures are inadequately implemented to avoid particulate generation. A laminar airflow ventilation system (LFVS) was developed to remove respiratory droplets released during treadmill exercise. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the number of aerosols during training on a treadmill and exercise intensity and to elucidate the effect of the LFVS on aerosol removal during anaerobic exercise. In this single-center observational study, the exercise tests were performed on a treadmill at Running Science Lab in Japan on 20 healthy subjects (age: 29±12 years, men: 80%). The subjects had a broad spectrum of aerobic capacities and fitness levels, including athletes, and had no comorbidities. All of them received no medication. The exercise intensity was increased by 1-km/h increments until the heart rate reached 85% of the expected maximum rate and then maintained for 10 min. The first 10 subjects were analyzed to examine whether exercise increased the concentration of airborne particulates in the exhaled air. For the remaining 10 subjects, the LFVS was activated during constant-load exercise to compare the number of respiratory droplets before and after LFVS use. During exercise, a steady amount of particulates before the lactate threshold (LT) was followed by a significant and gradual increase in respiratory droplets after the LT, particularly during anaerobic exercise. Furthermore, respiratory droplets ≥0.3 μm significantly decreased after using LFVS (2120800±759700 vs. 560 ± 170, p<0.001). The amount of respiratory droplets significantly increased after LT. The LFVS enabled a significant decrease in respiratory droplets during anaerobic exercise in healthy subjects. This study’s findings will aid in exercising safely during this pandemic.

scholarly journals Serum IgG antibodies from healthy subjects up to 100 years old react to JC polyomavirus

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (8) ◽  
pp. 5513-5522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Bononi ◽  
Elisa Mazzoni ◽  
Silvia Pietrobon ◽  
Marco Manfrini ◽  
Elena Torreggiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Jc Polyomavirus ◽  
Serum Igg

Oxytocin administration for induction and augmentation of labour in Polish maternity units– an observational study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Baranowska ◽  
Anna Kajdy ◽  
Iwona Kiersnowska ◽  
Dorota Sys ◽  
Urszula Tataj-Puzyna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Quality Of Healthcare ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Labour Induction ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
National Guidelines

Abstract BackgroundThere is not enough data regarding practices and protocols that healthcare personnel follow and the amount of oxytocin that women receive during labour. Empirical evidence indicates that compliance with the guidelines improves the quality of healthcare and reduces adverse effects. The aim of the study was to evaluate oxytocin supply practices of oxytocin for labour induction and augmentation in Polish maternity units.MethodsThe article presents a prospective observational study. Data collection took place in two selected maternity units between January 15 and July 31, 2019 (n=545). Inclusion criteria were women in term pregnancies, undergoing oxytocin induction or augmentation of labour. Exclusion criteria were women who were in preterm labour, aged less than 18 years, and women whose baby was known to have a malformation. ResultsThe average total amount of oxytocin administrated to women before birth was 7,329µg following labour induction and 3.952µg following labour augmentation. The actual administration of oxytocin deviated both from the unit and national guidelines in 93,6% of all observed labours. We found no statistically significant correlation between the amount of oxytocin administered and mode of delivery, immediate postpartum blood loss or Apgar scores. There was no observed effect of total oxytocin on short-term perinatal outcomes. Hospitals with similar protocols did not differ significantly in terms of total oxytocin amount, induction to stimulation ratio—the only observed difference was the mode of delivery. ConclusionsThere is a need for a thorough analysis to find out the reasons for the observed discrepancies between protocols and practice.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document