scholarly journals Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Membrane Bioreactor: Novel Processes and Their Major Drawbacks

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abdulsalam ◽  
Hasfalina Che Man ◽  
Aida Isma Idris ◽  
Khairul Faezah Yunos ◽  
Zurina Zainal Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Alternative Technologies ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Running Cost ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Over the years, different types of alternative technologies have been developed and used for palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment. Specifically, membrane bioreactor (MBR) has been employed to relegate pollutants contained in POME under different operating conditions, and the technology was found to be promising. The major challenge impeding the wider application of this technology is membrane fouling, which usually attracts high operating energy and running cost. In this regard, novel methods of mitigating membrane fouling through the treatment processes have been developed. Therefore, this review article specifically focuses on the recent treatment processes of POME using MBR, with particular emphasis on innovative processes conditions such as aerobic, anaerobic, and hybrid processing as well as their performance in relation to fouling minimization. Furthermore, the effects of sonication and thermophilic and mesophilic conditions on membrane blockage were critically reviewed. The types of foulants and fouling mechanism as influenced by different operating conditions were also analyzed censoriously.

scholarly journals Comparison of Performance of an Intermittent Aeration Membrane Bioreactor and a Conventional Activated–sludge System in the Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Annop ◽  
P. Sridang ◽  
P. Chevakidagarn ◽  
K. Nopthavorn
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen Control ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

The main objective was to compare the performances and the removal efficiencies of two biological treatment systems, a submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) and a simultaneous activated sludge (AS), for treating Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). Two lab scale units of SMBR and AS with a working volume of 24 L were operated under favorable biological conditions and minimized membrane fouling intensity. To achieve both carbonaceous and nitrogen removal, the cyclic air intermittent and dissolved oxygen control were performed into SMBR and AS with the influent flow rate about 16 L/d respectively. In terms of organic removal and membrane performance, the SMBR showed good removal efficiency to treat high strength wastewater with organic loading variation of POME. The average removal rates of TCOD, BOD, Turbidity, Color, Oil and Grease, NH3–N, TKN were 69±2, 76±2, 100±1, 37±21, 92±6, 67±4 and 75±10% respectively. Results pointed out the benefit of membranes retained totally the active compositions of biomass in each stage of development. The AS showed the limitation of sedimentation phase for sludge and oil separation. The characteristics of sludge in SMBR showed healthy floc formations and good settling after 240 h. The concentrations of COD and BOD in permeate were around 870±53 and 37±13 mg/L.

Treatment of palm oil mill effluent using combination system of microbial fuel cell and anaerobic membrane bioreactor

2017 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 916-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sze Pin Tan ◽  
Hong Feng Kong ◽  
Mohammed J.K. Bashir ◽  
Po Kim Lo ◽  
Chii-Dong Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Combination System ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

scholarly journals Fouling Behavior in a High-Rate Anaerobic Submerged Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) for Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Treatment

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 649
Author(s):  
Wiparat Chaipetch ◽  
Arisa Jaiyu ◽  
Panitan Jutaporn ◽  
Marc Heran ◽  
Watsa Khongnakorn
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Cake Layer ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

The characteristics of foulant in the cake layer and bulk suspended solids of a 10 L submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) used for treatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME) were investigated in this study. Three different organic loading rates (OLRs) were applied with prolonged sludge retention time throughout a long operation time (270 days). The organic foulant was characterized by biomass concentration and concentration of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The thicknesses of the cake layer and foulant were analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The membrane morphology and inorganic elements were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer. Roughness of membrane was analyzed by atomic force microscopy. The results showed that the formation and accumulation of protein EPS in the cake layer was the key contributor to most of the fouling. The transmembrane pressure evolution showed that attachment, adsorption, and entrapment of protein EPS occurred in the membrane pores. In addition, the hydrophilic charge of proteins and polysaccharides influenced the adsorption mechanism. The composition of the feed (including hydroxyl group and fatty acid compounds) and microbial metabolic products (protein) significantly affected membrane fouling in the high-rate operation.

Improved bubbling for membrane fouling control in filtration of palm oil mill effluent anaerobic digester sludge

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 101350
Author(s):  
Ariffin Mohamad Annuar ◽  
Normi Izati Mat Nawi ◽  
Muhammad Roil Bilad ◽  
Juhana Jaafar ◽  
Lisendra Marbelia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Anaerobic Digester ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Fouling Control ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Anaerobic Digester Sludge

scholarly journals Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) seeds for the treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) and its Feedforward Artificial Neural Network (FANN) modeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Mohammad Asad Tariq ◽  
Vasanthi Sethu ◽  
Senthilkumar Arumugasamy ◽  
Anurita Selvarajoo
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Bayesian Regularization ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Artificial Neural

In the present research, local rambutan seed extract was used as a bio-coagulant for the treatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME). Jar test experiments were conducted to find the optimal operating conditions for the removal of turbidity and total suspended solids from POME. At an optimal pH of 3, bio-coagulant dosage of 600 mg/L and room temperature of 28⁰C, an impressive removal of 65% of total suspended solids and 79% of turbidity was achieved. Along with this, a Feedforward Artificial Neural Network (FANN) was used to model the coagulation mechanism. Three different training algorithms were tested on the FANN, namely the Lavenberg-Marquardt, Bayesian Regularization and Scaled Conjugate Gradient methods. The best training algorithm was found to be Bayesian Regularization, based on the fact that it was in closer agreement with the experiment results and gave very low error percentage. The results of this study suggest that rambutan seeds have potential in being used as a bio-coagulant for POME treatment. Treatment efficiencies were reasonably high, and less sludge was produced using this natural treatment method, thus deemed to be more economical and environmentally friendly.

scholarly journals TIO2-ENABLED POLYVYNYLIDENE FLUORIDE FOR PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT TREATMENT: EFFECTS OF MEMBRANE MORPHOLOGY AND AERATION ON FLUX AND SUSPENDED SOLID REMOVAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
Erna Yuliwaty ◽  
Ahmad Fauzi Ismail ◽  
Goh Pei Sean ◽  
Sri Martini
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Mixed Matrix Membrane ◽  
Membrane Pore ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

A polyvinylidene fluoride-based mixed matrix membrane (PVDF- MMM) has been developed to treat palm oil mill effluent (POME). The addition of TiO2 into PVDF membrane was conducted. Hollow fibers were spun from a dope solution containing PVDF/PVP 30K/DMAc/additives by using a dry-jet wet spinning process at different air gaps. AFM image demonstrated that wet spun hollow fiber had a rougher outer surface than that of dry-jet wet spun fibers and exhibited symmetric cross-section structure. Experimental results showed that hydrophilicity of membranes increased with adding of TiO2 particles and the varied air gap length influenced the characteristic of membrane pore size and outer membrane surface roughness. In addition, aeration could increase the turbulence and flux and reduce membrane fouling. The values of flux and suspended solids removal were 92.04 L/m2.hr and 94.86 %, respectively, with the varied aeration flow rate of 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 mL/min and bubble size distribution of 4.0 µm. Overall, this study has proven that PVDF-based MMM could achieve expected performance for POME treatment.

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