scholarly journals Modeling Biological Oxygen Demand Load Capacity in a Data-Scarce Basin with Important Anthropogenic Interventions

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 2379
Author(s):  
Alejandra Zurita ◽  
Mauricio Aguayo ◽  
Pedro Arriagada ◽  
Ricardo Figueroa ◽  
María Elisa Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biological Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Quality Model ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Water Quality Data

Most water bodies are currently used as receptors for pollutants coming mainly from the industrial and domestic sectors. The Biobío river is subjected to multiple anthropogenic pressures such as industrial water supply, drinking water, hydroelectric power generation, agriculture, and the final receptor body of a large amount of industrial and urban waste, pressures that will intensify due to the decrease in water flow as a result of climate change. In this context, organic contamination has been found mainly from sewage discharges and oxidizable waste discharges generated by industrial processes. In this sense, the objective of this research is to determine the Biological Oxygen Demand Loading Capacity (LC) in a basin with a low density of water quality data subjected to strong anthropogenic pressures. To estimate the carrying capacity in a section of the Biobío River, the water quality model River and Stream Water Quality Model- Qual2K version 2.11b8, developed by Chapra, was used. This model solves the Streeter–Phelps equation, proposing an analytical expression to relate the dissolved oxygen (DO) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) variables. These variables were modeled for different critical scenarios of minimum flows in return periods of 5, 50, and 100 years, determining that the studied section of the Biobío river would have a high carrying capacity to not be affected by its organic matter pollution.

Study on Tieling City's water environmental carrying capacity

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Limin Hou ◽  
Qiang Yue ◽  
Xiangzheng Hu ◽  
Tong Wang ◽  
Liusuo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Environmental Carrying Capacity ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Water Environmental Carrying Capacity

The water environmental carrying capacity (WECC) of a city can demonstrate a balance between the level of exploitation of the local water resources and the population growth and concomitant socio-economic development. To begin with, the definition of WECC was elaborated. Combined with hydraulic, hydrologic and water quality data, a one-dimensional water quality model was subsequently applied to simulate the water pollutants (chemical oxygen demand (COD)) in Tieling City. Then, a multi-objective model was applied to explore WECC. Economy, demography, and contaminant were selected as goals, taking into account the constraints of macroeconomic aggregates, water supply, water quality, and population. The results showed WECC could nearly carry all planned gross domestic product (GDP), population in the planning years 2015, 2020, and 2025 with the maximum COD of 30,681.7 t, but not for the condition of maximum COD of 15,709.0 t. That is, COD overload would occur if GDP and population develop as planned. Some measures must be taken to improve WECC in Tieling City, which are valuable for supporting the adjustment and planning for social-economic development.

scholarly journals Application of fuzzy logic in river water quality modelling for analysis of industrialization and climate change impact on Sabarmati river

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anant Patel ◽  
Karishma Chitnis
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Model ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Sabarmati River

Abstract Rivers are critical to human life because they are strategically significant in the world, providing primary water supplies for various purposes. Rivers are the prime importance of any country as most of the cities are settled near the river. Due to developmental activities and increase in population, it will results into huge waste generation. Surface water quality is affected because of increasing urbanization and industrialization. The aim of this research is to examine the effect of climate change and industrialization on the water quality of the Sabarmati river using a mathematical model. For this study four important town along the lower Sabarmati River have been considered and water quality data was considered from 2005 to 2015. In this study different water quality parameters were considered to derive water quality model. Results shows the water quality in downstream after Ahmedabad city is worst compare to the other location where the Maximum WQI is 0.71 at Rasikapur and average WQI is 0.50 for the same location for last 15 year. It has been observed that effect of monsoon and also by comparing time scale water quality model role of regulations for industrialization also plays important role in quality of Sabarmati river.

scholarly journals Towards benchmarking an in-stream water quality model

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 623-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. Boorman
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Quality Model ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Benchmark Model ◽  
Model Code

Abstract. A method of model evaluation is presented which utilises a comparison with a benchmark model. The proposed benchmarking concept is one that can be applied to many hydrological models but, in this instance, is implemented in the context of an in-stream water quality model. The benchmark model is defined in such a way that it is easily implemented within the framework of the test model, i.e. the approach relies on two applications of the same model code rather than the application of two separate model codes. This is illustrated using two case studies from the UK, the Rivers Aire and Ouse, with the objective of simulating a water quality classification, general quality assessment (GQA), which is based on dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand and ammonium. Comparisons between the benchmark and test models are made based on GQA, as well as a step-wise assessment against the components required in its derivation. The benchmarking process yields a great deal of important information about the performance of the test model and raises issues about a priori definition of the assessment criteria.

Modeling water quality in an oil sands compensation lake

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 901-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua Jiang ◽  
Jerry Vandenberg ◽  
Ian Halket ◽  
Kasey Clipperton ◽  
Richard J. Kavanagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Oil Sands ◽  
Fish Habitat ◽  
Environmental Modeling ◽  
Water Quality Model ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Water Quality Data

Surface mining in the oil sands region of Alberta, Canada, often requires that mining operators drain lakes or divert streams to access the underlying ore. “Compensation lakes” can be constructed to create new fish habitat to offset the loss of fish habitat due to mining activity and to satisfy conditions under a project’s Fisheries Act Authorization. The design of these lakes requires prediction of future water temperature and dissolved oxygen levels to determine the suitability of the new habitat for fish. These predictions are made using a calibrated hydrodynamic and water quality model. Until recently, there were not any built compensation lakes in the region with enough measured water quality data that could be used to calibrate such a model. This paper uses measured data from Horizon Lake, a recently built compensation lake, to calibrate Generalized Environmental Modeling System of Surfacewaters (GEMSS), a three-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model, used to model the lake. Horizon Lake was built in 2008 by Canadian Natural Resources Ltd. and water quality in the lake has been monitored for the last seven years. The results of the model calibration to observed water temperature and dissolved oxygen provide rates and coefficients, notably sediment oxygen demand, that can be used to improve model applications to other planned compensation lakes.

scholarly journals Analysis of agricultural pollution by flood flow impact on water quality in a reservoir using a three-dimensional water quality model

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1061-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Xueping Gao ◽  
Liyi Wang ◽  
Yuanyuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Water Quality Model ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Agricultural Pollution ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Yuqiao Reservoir

This study presents the Yuqiao Reservoir Water Quality Model (YRWQM), a three-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model of the Yuqiao reservoir, China. The YRWQM was developed under the environmental fluid dynamics code (EFDC) model and was calibrated and verified to hydrodynamic and water quality data, using two sets of observed data from January 1 to December 31, 2006 and from May 1 to October 31, 2007, respectively. The primary hydrodynamic and transport driving forces are inflows/outflows and surface wind stresses. Considering effects of water transfer and wind on the advection-dispersion processes, the model results showed better agreements with observed data in the reservoir. The YRWQM predicted the variations of water quality resulting from agricultural pollution which flowed into the reservoir with floods lasting for 12 days in 2009. The results indicated that the concentrations of chemical oxygen demand and total nitrogen were increased 225 and 314%, respectively. Considering the interactions between chlorophyll-a and nitrogen in the model, the results indicated the reservoir was not a nitrogen-limited environment. We suggest the management should focus on agricultural pollution strategies for the reservoir during the flood period. The YRWQM could be a useful tool for water sources management in the reservoir.

scholarly journals Analisis daya tampung beban pencemaran Sungai Kampar Kiri Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau

Jurnal Zona ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-64
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hidayatuddin ◽  
Usman M Tang ◽  
Rifardi Rifardi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Main River ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Pollutant Sources

The objectives of this study are to identify the pollutant sources location, analyze pollution load and pollution load carrying capacity of BOD (Biologycal Oxygen Demand), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and TSS (Total Suspended Solid) concentrations;  The QUAL2Kw methods application for modeling process of the main river were divided into nine reach, where Sibayang River (kilometre 86,629) as the headwater and Mentulik village as the downstream boundaries (km 0). The water samples where selected at ten points, with five of them are located at the main river and the rest of five at the tributaries. The modeling used water quality data on pollutant sources as input and the main river water quality data as a comparison.Based on the results of the study, total pollution load of BOD are 4,83 Tons/hour and total pollution load carrying capacity of BOD are 2,65 Tons/hour, it means a pollution load carrying capacity for BOD has been exceeded for 2,18 Tons/hour. The total pollution load of COD are 8,16 Tons/hour and total pollution load carrying capacity of COD are 8,45 Tons/hour, it means a pollution load carrying capacity for COD has not been exceeded and the main river still capable to  recieve the pollution load of COD for 0,29 Tons/hour. Total pollution load of TSS are 55,90 Tons/hour and total pollution load carrying capacity of TSS are 12,45 Tons/hour, it means a pollution load carrying capacity for TSS has been exceeded for 43,45 Tons/hour. Generally total pollution load carrying capacity of BOD and TSS has been exceeded, and a total pollution load carrying capacity for COD has not been exceeded, nevertheless if review is based on river reach, an excessing of BOD pollution load has been occurred at km 18 - 1 for 1, 37 Tons/hour, COD pollution load for 2, 38 Tons/hour at km 45 - 40 and TSS pollution load for 32, 54 Tons/hour in the Teso River

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Quality Profile Using Numerical Modeling Approach in Major Climate Classes of Asia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mazhar Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Shoaib ◽  
Hafiz Umar Farid ◽  
Jung Lyul Lee
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Model ◽  
Oxygen Solubility ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Spatial Profile ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Model Predictions

A river water quality spatial profile has a diverse pattern of variation over different climatic regions. To comprehend this phenomenon, our study evaluated the spatial scale variation of the Water Quality Index (WQI). The study was carried out over four main climatic classes in Asia based on the Koppen-Geiger climate classification system: tropical, temperate, cold, and arid. The one-dimensional surface water quality model, QUAL2Kw was selected and compared for water quality simulations. Calibration and validation were separately performed for the model predictions over different climate classes. The accuracy of the water quality model was assessed using different statistical analyses. The spatial profile of WQI was calculated using model predictions based on dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), nitrate (NO3), and pH. The results showed that there is a smaller longitudinal variation of WQI in the cold climatic regions than other regions, which does not change the status of WQI. Streams from arid, temperate, and tropical climatic regions show a decreasing trend of DO with respect to the longitudinal profiles of main river flows. Since this study found that each climate zone has the different impact on DO dynamics such as reaeration rate, reoxygenation, and oxygen solubility. The outcomes obtained in this study are expected to provide the impetus for developing a strategy for the viable improvement of the water environment.

scholarly journals The impact of conifer harvesting on stream water quality: the Afon Hafren, mid-Wales

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Neal ◽  
B. Reynolds ◽  
M. Neal ◽  
H. Wickham ◽  
L. Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Results for long term water quality monitoring are described for the headwaters of the principal headwater stream of the River Severn, the Afon Hafren. The results are linked to within-catchment information to describe the influence of conifer harvesting on stream and shallow groundwater quality. A 19-year record of water quality data for the Hafren (a partially spruce forested catchment with podzolic soil) shows the classic patterns of hydrochemical change in relation to concentration and flow responses for upland forested systems. Progressive felling of almost two-thirds of the forest over the period of study resulted in little impact from harvesting and replanting in relation to stream water quality. However, at the local scale, a six years’ study of felling indicated significant release of nitrate into both surface and groundwater; this persisted for two or three years before declining. The study has shown two important features. Firstly, phased felling has led to minimal impacts on stream water. This contrasts with the results of an experimental clear fell for the adjacent catchment of the Afon Hore where a distinct water quality deterioration was observed for a few years. Secondly, there are localised zones with varying hydrology that link to groundwater sources with fracture flow properties. This variability makes extrapolation to the catchment scale difficult without very extensive monitoring. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to strong support for the use of phased felling-based management of catchments and the complexities of within catchment processes. Keywords: deforestation, water quality, acidification, pH, nitrate, alkalinity, ANC, aluminium, dissolved organic carbon, Plynlimon, forest, spruce, Afon Hafren, podzol

scholarly journals URBAN GROWTH AND WATER QUALITY IN THIMPHU, BHUTAN

2013 ◽  
pp. 82-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandu Giri ◽  
O. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data

Detailed study was undertaken in 2008 and 2009 on assessment of water quality of River Wang Chhu which flows through Thimphu urban area, the capital city of Bhutan. The water samples were examined at upstream of urban area, within the urban area and its downstream. The water samples were analyzed by studying the physico-chemical, biological and benthic macro-invertebrates. The water quality data obtained during present study are discussed in relation to land use/land cover changes(LULC) and various ongoing human activities at upstream, within the each activity areas and it’s downstream. Analyses of satellite imagery of 1990 and 2008 using GIS revealed that over a period of eighteen years the forest, scrub and agricultural areas have decreased whereas urban area and road network have increased considerably. The forest cover, agriculture area and scrub decreased from 43.3% to 42.57%, 6.88% to 5.33% and 42.55% to 29.42%, respectively. The LULC changes effect water quality in many ways. The water temperature, pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids, turbidity, nitrate, phosphate, chloride, total coliform, and biological oxygen demand were lower at upstream and higher in urban area. On the other hand dissolved oxygen was found higher at upstream and lower in urban area. The pollution sensitive benthic macro-invertebrates population were dominant at upstream sampling sites whereas pollution tolerant benthic macro-invertebrates were found abundant in urban area and its immediate downstream. The rapid development of urban infrastructure in Thimphu city may be posing serious threats to water regime in terms of its quality. Though the deterioration of water quality is restricted to a few localized areas, the trend is serious and needs proper attention of policy planners and decision makers. Proper treatment of effluents from urban areas is urgently needed to reduce water pollution in such affected areas to check further deterioration of water quality. This present study which is based on upstream, within urban area and downstream of Thimphu city can be considered as an eye opener.

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