scholarly journals There Used to Be a River Ferry: Identifying and Analyzing Localities by Means of Old Topographic Maps

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 2689
Author(s):  
Ivo Dostál ◽  
Marek Havlíček ◽  
Josef Svoboda
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Topographic Maps ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
Monitoring Period ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Sample Information ◽  
The Military

River ferries were historically important in crossing medium- and large-sized watercourses, with rivers often a barrier to trade routes and journeys. Using old medium-scale Austrian military topographic maps from 1763–1768, 1836–1852, and 1876–1880, Prussian maps from 1825 and 1877, and Czechoslovakian maps from 1953–1955, we systematically localized the ferries within what is now the Czech Republic over a monitoring period between the mid-18th century and the present. We also analyzed the map keys of relevant surveys to examine ways of depicting the ferries in the maps. In this context, a database of river ferries in the Czech Republic was prepared in GIS, containing all localities where river crossing ferries were shown on the topographic maps. A total of 514 historical ferry sites were identified on the military mapping survey maps, with an additional 28 recognized from auxiliary sources that did not appear in the military topographic maps. The sample information obtained from the maps was also verified by using independent sources.

scholarly journals The contemporary cartographic presentation of geographical names of objects lying on the border between Poland and the Czech Republic

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-174
Author(s):  
Maciej Zych
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Topographic Maps ◽  
National Register ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Common Boundary ◽  
Mountain Ranges ◽  
Single Region ◽  
The Common ◽  
Mountain Basins ◽  
Own Name

Abstract The aim of this paper is the analysis of the names used on cartographic publications in Poland and the Czech Republic for transboundary geographical objects lying on the common boundary. After the analysis of the Czech and Polish topographic maps that are available on the national geoportals, maps of the divisions into natural regions, and toponymic databases (Polish the National Register of Geographical Names, and Czech Geonames – the Database of geographic names of the Czech Republic) it was established that 360 named geographic objects lie on this boundary. This number includes: 123 hydronyms (names of rivers and other streams), 224 oronyms (139 names of summits, 22 names of mountain passes, 35 names of mountain ranges and ridges, 15 names of highlands, plateaus and uplands, 7 names of mountain basins, valleys and depressions, 3 names of lowlands, and 3 names of rocks), 9 names of forests, 1 name of mountain meadow (alp), and 3 names of tracks. 212 of these objects (59%) have names in both languages – Polish and Czech, however, in 99 cases (47% of objects that have name in both Polish and Czech languages) the Polish and Czech toponyms entirely do not correspond to each other. From the remaining objects 67 (18%) have only the Czech name, and 81 (23%) only the Polish name. In some natural regions, the limits of their ranges set by the Czech and Polish geographers vary widely, for example a single region on one side of the boundary corresponds to two or more regions on other side of the boundary. In other cases illustrations of incorrectness are more sophisticated, like the river that has different course according to the Czech or Polish maps (stream regarded as a main watercourse in one country, which has its own name, in another country is considered as a tributary one with a different name). In the summary, it should be stated that in the large part of the Polish and Czech names of the geographical objects lying on the common boundary were drawn regardless of the names used in the neighboring country.

Okruchy starożytności. Użytkowanie monet antycznych w Europie Środkowej, Wschodniej i Północnej w średniowieczu i w okresie nowożytnym

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Eastern Germany ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Central Eastern ◽  
Written Sources

Ancient coinage (understood here as pre-AD 6th century Greek, Celtic and Roman issues) constitutes a small percentage of hoards and other assemblages found in Central, Eastern and Northern Europe, dated to the Middle Ages and to the modern period. Ancient coins have also been recorded at other sites in contexts dated to the same time, such as burial or settlement sites. Finds sometimes include pierced coins, which suggests they may have been used as amulets or jewellery. The book contains the texts written by researchers from Poland, Germany, the Czech Republic, Sweden and Denmark. The aim of their studies of the archaeological, numismatic and written sources was to examine the use of ancient coins in the territories of present-day Poland, Baltic States, western Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, eastern Germany and Scandinavia in a period spanning from approximately 7th century to the turn of the 18th century.

scholarly journals All-Metal Book Bindings in the 19th Century

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 96-104
Author(s):  
Hana Slovik-Vávrová ◽  
Radomír Slovik
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article presents the results of the research activities of Hana Slovik-Vávrová concerning the mapping of preserved all-metal brass book bindings in the collections of institutions in the Czech Republic. She has recorded a total of 145 of these exceptional book bindings from between the end of the 18th century and the 1920s, coming from 18 organisations. All-metal book bindings have not been devoted enough attention although they represent a very interesting chapter in the history of book binding. An outcome of this work is a comprehensive description and detailed documentation of all researched all-metal book bindings. A valuable part is a catalogue of book bindings and of ornaments used in the decoration of all-metal book bindings.

scholarly journals The effect of the Cold War era on maps for public use in the Eastern Bloc countries: Tourist maps

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
László Zentai ◽  
Gábor Gercsák
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Eastern Bloc ◽  
Topographic Maps ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Cold War Era ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Military

Abstract. Cartography of the Cold War era was very characteristic in the Eastern Bloc countries. The abnormal secrecy instructions forced by military cartographic authorities (following the Soviet advisors) influenced the making of all kinds of large- and medium-scale cartographic products for public use. Most of these maps were somehow distorted, although it was not easy to implement the technology of distortions developed by cartographers in the analogue map production era in the early 1960s. Tourist maps are expected to be created using topographic maps, but the access to classified topographic maps (both civilian and military) was limited for civilian users (even for civilian national mapping agencies, at least in the early years of the Cold War era). The tourist maps of this era were quite different from country to country in the Eastern Bloc, partly due to their cartographic traditions and to the relationships between the military and civilian cartography even influenced by the users’ demands.

scholarly journals The Military Training Area Ralsko and the Army

Geografie ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-330
Author(s):  
Aleš Komár
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Military Training ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Military ◽  
Training Area ◽  
Landscape Protection

The article in its introduction deals with the problem of the former Military Training Area at Ralsko in the Czech Republic and its recent changes - the nature and landscape protection under the auspices of the Ministry of Defence and military administrations in the MTA, and deals with the consequences of the withdrawal of corps and discusses the damage caused by military training to the nature, soil and groundwater. In the conclusion the article evaluates the topical aspects of the area reutilisation.

scholarly journals The Military Training Area Ralsko and the Army

Geografie ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-199
Author(s):  
Aleš Komár
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Military Training ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Military ◽  
Training Area ◽  
Landscape Protection

The article in its introduction deals with the problem of the former Military Training Area at Ralsko in the Czech Republic and its recent changes - the nature and landscape protection under the auspices of the Ministry of Defence and military administrations in the MTA, and deals with the consequences of the withdrawal of corps and discusses the damage caused by military training to the nature, soil and groundwater. In the conclusion the article evaluates the topical aspects ofthe area re-utilisation.

scholarly journals Publication of maps and plans of Jewish settlement from the first half of the 18th century

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Šárka Steinová ◽  
Jiří Drozda ◽  
Filip Paulus ◽  
Ondřej Böhm
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Web Application ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Jewish Settlement ◽  
One Year ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Spatial Identification

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> A unique set of maps and plans, showing in detail the Jewish settlement in the Czech Republic originating from the first half of the 18. century, was compiled and expertly handled by researchers of the Czech National Archives. The set consist of 98 plans and sketches produced on the basis of the Imperial Translocation Rescripts (1726). All maps and sketches have been produced within one year 1727 and depicted small towns and villages in some cases already extinct. During research large data base file was created with the aim of spatial identification of individual maps and plans, and objects that appear on them. In cooperation with the VÚGTK application has been developed to publish this unique map set through the Web application. The application allows viewing individual maps including the preserved archive materials, their overlap with other major cartographic sources, mainly with the Index Sketches of the Stable Cadastre dating from the first half of the 19th century. (The Index Sketches of the Stable Cadastre was one of the main sources used in the professional processing and spatial identification of individual maps.) The application also allows comparing with the current cartographic materials (aerial imagery, nowadays maps, GIS data etc.) The benefit of application is not only for research of Jewish settlement development in the Czech Republic but also for other research like urban planning and development of the countryside and its settlements.</p>

scholarly journals Służba rycerska i mieszczańska oraz jej uzbrojenie na Górnych Łużycach za czasów Luksemburgów. Stan badań

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-27
Author(s):  
Michał Dudziński
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Source Material ◽  
The State ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
The Military ◽  
Scientific Achievements

This article presents the state of research on the military service of knights and townspeople of Upper Lusatia and their armament during the Luxembourg reign. These considerations include not only the presentation of scientific achievements in this field, but also the justification of the intention to address this issue. The paper is a draft in nature. In terms of quantity, the source material is rich, although in terms of quality it looks less impressive. The richest archive collections can be found in Germany. The archives in Poland and the Czech Republic are also noteworthy, although they are not very large. Most attention was paid to this issue by German researchers, although the problem was often on the sidelines of main considerations. The most valuable studies were conducted by prominent Upper Lusatian historians Hermann Knothe and Richard Jecht. In Poland, the problem is not widely considered, although the research by Mateusz Goliński and Robert Heś is worthy of attention. Despite the fact that studies on this issue are not very well developed, it is justified to work on a potential publication on this subject. This need stems from the growing interest in Upper Lusatia and the inspiring works of medieval historians from Wrocław. Key words: Upper Lusatia, Luxembourg dynasty, military service of knights and townspeople, state of research, armament, Hermann Knothe, Richard Jecht

Homeschooling as a Barometer of State Power and Control in the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
pp. 250-266
Author(s):  
Irena Kašparová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
State Power ◽  
Compulsory Schooling ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
And Control

The chapter introduces homeschooling in the Czech Republic, Europe, from the perspective of an anthropologist, who herself had both observed the phenomenon scientifically, as well as practiced it with her four children. The author introduces homeschooling as an important social topic, that may be regarded as a barometer of state power and control over its citizens. The text takes the reader onto a historical journey through various regimes that have governed the country, from the dawn of compulsory schooling under the Habsburg dynasty in the 18th century, through to two World Wars, onto socialism, communism, and finally, democratic government and its various turbulences over the last 30 years. Based upon participant observation, interviews, autoethnography, and secondary sources analysis, the author shows nuances and niches of homeschooling within the state compulsory education system, its battle for recognition, inclusion, and sustainability, which is achieved not only by law itself but also by five pillars of successful homeschooling, noted at the end of the chapter.

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