scholarly journals IEC 61850-Based Communication Networks of Distribution System against Cyber and Physical Failures

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Nevin Fawzy ◽  
Hany F. Habib ◽  
Osama Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
System Model ◽  
Complete Protection ◽  
Iec 61850 ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
Protective Relays

This paper proposes a decentralized control approach using a co-simulation platform to monitor protective elements and provide complete protection scheme for distribution systems. Real time measurements are obtained by interfacing the system model in RSCAD/RTDS with SEL 421 protective relays and publish/subscribe the voltage and current signals of the buses and transmission lines based on IEC 61850 communication protocol to isolate the fault correctly. The proposed technique helps to identify the location of the fault and introduces primary and buck protection for the system. The communication networks assists in facing cyber and physical threats and finding a new path for healthy relays to remove faults from the system. This technique is investigated on an IEEE 14 bus system for all possible fault locations. The proposed scheme can clear the fault by isolating the minimum part of the system and improving the endurance of the power in it. The system shows the smooth information flow between the cyber and physical parts to isolate faults in it in different cases.

Optimal Coordination of DOCR for Radial Distribution Systems in Presence of TCSC

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Lazhar Bougouffa ◽  
Abdelaziz Chaghi
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dial Setting ◽  
Optimal Coordination ◽  
Protective Relays ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Two Independent Variables

<p>Protective relays coordination is the process of determining the exact relay settings such that the relay closes to the fault would operates faster than other relays. The operating time of each relay depends on two independent variables called Pickup current (Ip) and Time Dial Setting (TDS). In this paper, a PSO algorithm has been presented to determine the coordination of Directional Over-Current Relays (DOCRs) in presence of multi-system FACTS devises. From the simulation result and analysis, the impact of TCSC location in the in 33-bus distribution system on Directional Over-Current Relays has been observed on the optimal relays settings as well as the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in finding optimal coordination of directional over-current relays.</p>

scholarly journals On the Conflict between LVRT and Line Protection in LV Distribution Systems with PVs: A Current-Limitation-Based Solution

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aristotelis Tsimtsios ◽  
Dionisis Voglitsis ◽  
Ioannis Perpinias ◽  
Christos Korkas ◽  
Nick Papanikolaou
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Voltage Distribution ◽  
Current Limitation ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
Low Voltage Ride Through ◽  
Photovoltaic Generators

The upcoming adoption of low-voltage-ride-through requirements in low-voltage distribution systems is expected to raise significant challenges in the operation of grid-tied inverters. Typically, these inverters interconnect photovoltaic units, which are the predominant distributed energy resource in low-voltage distribution networks, under an umbrella of standards and protection schemes. As such, a challenging issue that should be considered in low-voltage distribution network applications, regards the coordination between the line protection scheme (typically consisting of a non-settable fuse) and the low-voltage-ride-through operation of photovoltaic generators. During a fault, the fuse protecting a low-voltage feeder may melt, letting the generator to continue its ride-through operation. Considering that the efficacy/speed of the anti-islanding detection is affected by ride-through requirements, this situation can lead to protracted energization of the isolated feeder after fuse melting (unintentional islanding). To address this issue, this paper proposes a fault-current-limitation based solution, which does not require any modification in the existing protection scheme. The operation principles, design, and implementation of this solution are presented, while, its effectiveness is supported by extensive simulations in a test-case low-voltage distribution system. A discussion on the presented results concludes the paper.

scholarly journals A Novel Complete Protection Scheme for Bipolar High Voltage Direct Current Transmission Lines

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Aleena Swetapadna ◽  
Satarupa Chakrabarti ◽  
Almoataz Y. Abdelaziz ◽  
Hassan Haes Alhelou
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Complete Protection ◽  
High Voltage Direct Current ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
Current Transmission

scholarly journals Prediction model for the leakage rate in a water distribution system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burak Kizilöz
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Leakage Rate ◽  
Pressure Effects ◽  
Model Accuracy ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Modelling Studies ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann

Abstract Leakages cause real losses in water distribution systems (WDSs) from transmission lines, storage tanks, networks, and service connections. In particular, the amount of leakage increases in aging networks due to pressure effects, resulting in severe water losses. In this study, various artificial neural network (ANN) models are considered for determining monthly leakage rates and the variables that affect leakage. The monthly data, which are standardized by Z-score for the years 2016–2019, are used in these models by selecting four independent variables that affect the leakage rate regarding district metered areas and pressure metered areas in WDSs. The pressure effects are taken into consideration directly as input. The model accuracy is determined by comparing the predicted and measured data. Furthermore, the leakage rates are estimated by directly modelling the actual data with ANNs. Consequently, it is found that the model results after data standardization are somewhat better than the original nonstandardized data model results when 30 neurons are used in a single hidden layer. The reason for the higher accuracy in the standardized case compared with previous modelling studies is that the pressure effect is taken into consideration. The suggested models improve the model accuracy, and hence, the methodology of this paper supports an improved pressure management system and leakage reduction.

A Novel Approach to Tackle Miscoordination of Protective Device in Radial Distribution Network during DG Interconnections

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavesh Bhalja ◽  
Pragnesh Shah ◽  
Nilesh Chothani ◽  
Ravi Patel
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Radial Distribution ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
Electric Power Distribution ◽  
Laboratory Prototype

Due to incorporation of Distributed Generation (DG), the traditional protection scheme for electric power distribution system lost its radial nature and behaves more like multifeed transmission system. Hence, there is a need to develop a new protection scheme for electric power distribution system which remains stable in all conditions. This paper presents a new directional protection scheme for distribution system containing DG. Authors have developed a laboratory prototype of the three-phase radial distribution system containing DG. The proposed scheme has also been simulated using the PSCAD/EMTDC software package with fault data generated by modeling the distribution systems. The proposed directional protection scheme has been tested for various types of faults in different sections of radial distribution network along with DG. At the end, a comparative evaluation of the results obtained using the developed laboratory prototype has been carried out with the simulation results obtained using PSCAD. It has been observed that the proposed scheme has the ability to isolate the faulted section without disturbing the healthy section in the presence of DG.

scholarly journals IEC 61850-Based Centralized Protection against Single Line-To-Ground Faults in Ungrounded Distribution Systems

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 722
Author(s):  
Soon-Ryul Nam ◽  
Woong-Hie Ko ◽  
Sopheap Key ◽  
Sang-Hee Kang ◽  
Nam-Ho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Single Line ◽  
International Electrotechnical Commission ◽  
Iec 61850 ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
Zero Sequence ◽  
Intelligent Electronic Device ◽  
Electro Magnetic

We developed an International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61850-based centralized protection scheme to prevent single line-to-ground (SLG) faults in the feeders and busbars of ungrounded distribution systems. Each feeder intelligent electronic device (IED) measures its zero-sequence current and voltage signals and periodically transmits zero-sequence phasors to a central IED via a Generic Oriented Object Substation Event message. Using the zero-sequence phasors, the central IED detects SLG faults in feeders and busbars. To achieve centralized protection, angle differences between the zero-sequence currents and voltage phasors are exploited, and their calculation compensates for data desynchronization. The feeder IEDs were implemented using the MMS-EASE Lite library, while the transmitted zero-sequence phasors were calculated based on fault signals simulated by Power System Computer Aided Design / Electro-Magnetic Transient Design and Control (PSCAD/EMTDC). The central IED determined if the SLG fault was in a feeder or busbar by aggregating and analyzing the zero-sequence phasors received from the feeder IEDs. The results confirmed the validity and efficiency of our centralized protection scheme.

A Protection Scheme of Ac Side Faults of Dc Distribution System

2014 ◽  
Vol 666 ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
Yi Bo Gao ◽  
Jia Si Zeng ◽  
Peng Qiu ◽  
Yi Lu ◽  
Xiao Ming Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Dc Voltage ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
High Impedance ◽  
Dc Distribution ◽  
Mixed Operation

Dc distribution systems are multiterminal systems characterized by complexity and mixed operation of ac and dc. Ac side faults are more likely to happen and may cause more serious consequences compared with dc transmission systems, thus must be considered seriously. In this paper, ac side faults of the prototype dc distribution system under high impedance grounding scheme are analyzed in detail. Fault characteristics of dc side voltages and currents under ac side faults are drawn and sorted. A protection scheme of ac side faults is proposed based on dc voltage and current measurements. The effectiveness of the protection scheme proposed is demonstrated by simulation under PSCAD/EMTDC.

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