Design and Implementation of a Vacuum Forming Machine

Abstract The purpose of this work is to present the design of a laboratory scale vacuum forming machine, which can be used for the processing of thermoplastic sheets. The designed machine can process an A4 format plastic sheet. An important consideration in the design process was to follow a cost-effective approach. The vacuum forming instrument is made for educational purposes in the framework of a final project for the Polymer Technology Laboratory of the Department of Mechanical Engineering of the Sapientia EMTE University in Târgu Mureș. The structure and the operation of the machine is similar to that found in the industry. However, the cost of production is significantly lower. The main components of the machine include the frame, heater, vacuum pump and the clamping device.

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An Innovative Cost-Effective Approach for Characterization of Removable Prosthesis - Case Series

Journal of Dentistry and Oral Sciences ◽

10.37191/mapsci-2582-3736-3(2)-091 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tushar

Keyword(s):

Case Series ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Functional Rehabilitation ◽

Denture Base ◽

Cost Effective Approach ◽

Removable Denture ◽

Removable Prosthesis ◽

Cost Effective Alternative ◽

The Aesthetic ◽

The Cost

Esthetics plays a crucial role in rehabilitation of removable dentures to achieve a pleasant smile. Denture esthetics is the effect produced, which improves the beauty and attractiveness of a person. With the advances of implants and ceramics, the conventional removable denture needs to be updated. denture characterization is a must in avoiding denture look and giving natural look. Giving the prosthesis as close as possible to the natural apparatus before the tooth loss is the key to a successful prosthetic, esthetic and functional rehabilitation. As a prosthodontist dealing in fulfilling the aesthetic challenges an economical alternative to high-end costly procedures is a must considering the Indian scenario, keeping in mind the biocompatibility and longevity of the treatment. As per literature light cure, gum staining is one of the techniques for masking denture base color and imparting natural color to mucosa but considering the cost involved many patients requiring aesthetic enhancement of prosthesis avoid going for such treatment thereby compromising their aesthetic. the present case series describe an innovative cost-effective alternative to the previously describe technique for masking the denture base color by using composite mixed with stains to replicate the natural apparatus.

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Protection of computers from side electromagnetic radiation during monitor images formation

Applied Aspects of Information Technology ◽

10.15276/aait.04.2021.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 377-385

Author(s):

Volodymyr M. Lucenko ◽

Dmytro O. Progonov

Keyword(s):

Electromagnetic Radiation ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Low Cost ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Switching Speed ◽

Cost Effective Approach ◽

Alternative Approach ◽

Confidential Data ◽

The Cost ◽

Communication Lines

Reliable protection of confidential data processed in critical information infrastructure elements of public institutions and private organizations is topical task today. Of particular interest are methods to prevent the leakage of confidential data by localizing informative (dangerous) signals that both carry an informative component, and have a signal level higher than predefined threshold. The increase in signal energy from personal computers is caused by increasing of its transistors switching speed. Modern passive shielding methods for secured computers, similar to the well-known program TEMPEST, require either costly and large shielding units or technological simplification by using of low-cost fragmentary shielding of computer’s individual elements. Therefore, localization of side electromagnetic radiation produced by personal computer is needed. The paper presents a cost-effective approach to reducing the level of computer’s electromagnetic radiation by passive method. The radiation are localized and measured by its estimation on personal computer’s elements, namely unshielded communication lines between video processor and a monitor, fragments of electric tracks on motherboards, etc. During experiments authors used ad-hoc miniature electric (ball antenna) and magnetic (Hall sensor) antennas connected to selective voltmeters. This approach significantly reduces the cost of equipment and measurements as well as requirements to analytics’ qualification for improving computer’s protection. Also, the alternative approach for computer protection is proposed. The approach is based on image content protection by distorting the image on the monitor instead of reducing electromagnetic radiation caused by signals from the monitor. The protection includes image scrambling using Arnold transform that randomly “shuffle” the lines in each frame.

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Cost Comparison of Fan-Out WLP vs. Embedded Die

Additional Conferences (Device Packaging HiTEC HiTEN & CICMT) ◽

10.4071/2011dpc-tp31 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 (DPC) ◽

pp. 001003-001018

Author(s):

Alan Palesko ◽

Jan Vardaman

Keyword(s):

Cost Model ◽

Form Factors ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Cost Comparison ◽

Package Design ◽

Supply Chain Logistics ◽

Cost Effective Approach ◽

Large Production ◽

The Cost ◽

Cost Differences

Fabricating the package after the die is placed can result in smaller form factors, increased performance, and improved supply chain logistics for OEMs. There are many different approaches for this packaging technique, but two of the most prominent are Fan-Out WLP and Embedded Die. Fan-Out WLP leverages existing semiconductor technology for a cost effective approach to achieve relatively tight package design rules. The Embedded Die strategy leverages existing PCB lamination technology for cost-reduction through scale: fabricating many small packages on large production panels. We will examine the cost differences and similarities between Fan-Out WLP and Embedded Die strategies by developing a comprehensive cost model for each technology. We will then analyze the manufacturing costs (labor, material, depreciation, yield loss, and tooling) and yield impacts across a variety of designs to demonstrate the cost differences and similarities in each packaging technology.

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Use of Targeted Amplicon Sequencing in Peanut to Generate Allele Information on Allotetraploid Sub-Genomes

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes11101220 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 1220

Author(s):

Roshan Kulkarni ◽

Ratan Chopra ◽

Jennifer Chagoya ◽

Charles E. Simpson ◽

Michael R. Baring ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cost Effective ◽

Amplicon Sequencing ◽

Routine Practice ◽

Specific Information ◽

Illumina Hiseq ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Polymorphic Snps ◽

Cost Effective Approach ◽

A Genome ◽

The Cost

The use of molecular markers in plant breeding has become a routine practice, but the cost per accession can be a hindrance to the routine use of Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) identification in breeding programs. In this study, we demonstrate the use of targeted re-sequencing as a proof of concept of a cost-effective approach to retrieve highly informative allele information, as well as develop a bioinformatics strategy to capture the genome-specific information of a polyploid species. SNPs were identified from alignment of raw transcriptome reads (2 × 50 bp) to a synthetic tetraploid genome using BWA followed by a GATK pipeline. Regions containing high polymorphic SNPs in both A genome and B genomes were selected as targets for the resequencing study. Targets were amplified using multiplex PCR followed by sequencing on an Illumina HiSeq. Eighty-one percent of the SNP calls in diploids and 68% of the SNP calls in tetraploids were confirmed. These results were also confirmed by KASP validation. Based on this study, we find that targeted resequencing technologies have potential for obtaining maximum allele information in allopolyploids at reduced cost.

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A cost effective approach to stormwater management? source control and distributed storage

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1997.0684 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 36 (8-9) ◽

pp. 307-311 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

R. Y. G. Andoh ◽

C. Declerck

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Traditional Approach ◽

Distributed Storage ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Source Control ◽

Slowing Down ◽

Surface Areas ◽

Cost Effective Approach ◽

Receiving Waters ◽

The Cost

Rapid urbanisation and its consequent increase in impermeable surface areas and changes in land use has generally resulted in problems of flooding and heavy pollution of urban streams and other receiving waters. This has often been coupled with ground water depletion and a threat to water resources. The first part of this paper presents an alternative drainage philosophy and strategy which mimics nature's way by slowing down (attenuating) the movement of urban runoff. This approach results in cost-effective, affordable and sustainable drainage schemes. The alternative strategy can be described as one of prevention rather than cure by effecting controls closer to source rather than the traditional approach which results in the transfer of problems downstream, resulting in its cumulation and the need for large scale, centralised control. The second part describes a research project which has been launched in order to quantify the cost and operational benefits of source control and distributed storage. Details of the methodology of the modelling and simulation processes which are being followed to achieve this target are presented.

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Assessing Effectiveness and Costs in Robot-Mediated Lower Limbs Rehabilitation: A Meta-Analysis and State of the Art

Journal of Healthcare Engineering ◽

10.1155/2018/7492024 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Giorgio Carpino ◽

Alessandra Pezzola ◽

Michele Urbano ◽

Eugenio Guglielmelli

Keyword(s):

Meta Analysis ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Conventional Approach ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Robotic Rehabilitation ◽

Wearable Robots ◽

Cost Effective Approach ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Cost

Robots were introduced in rehabilitation in the 90s to meet different needs, that is, reducing the physical effort of therapists. This work consists of a meta-analysis of robot-mediated lower limbs rehabilitation for stroke-affected patients; it aims at evaluating the effectiveness of the robotic approach through the use of wearable robots or operational machines with respect to the conventional approach (i.e., manual rehabilitation therapy). The primary assessed outcome is the patient’s ability to recover walking independence, whereas the secondary outcome is the average walking speed. The therapy acceptability and the treatment costs are also assessed. The assessment shows that the robot-mediated therapy is more effective than the conventional one in reaching the primary outcome. As for the secondary outcome, there is no significant difference between the robotic (wearable robots or operational machines) and the conventional approach. Rehabilitation using wearable robots has a greater acceptability than the conventional one. This does not apply to operational machines. The cost of robotic treatment with wearable robots ranges from double to triple the cost of the conventional approach. On the contrary, rehabilitation using operational machines costs the same as the conventional treatment. Robotic rehabilitation based on operational machines is the most cost-effective approach.

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