BETWEEN SECULAR AND RELIGIOUS – DIGNITY AS THE HIGHEST VALUE OF THE HUMAN SPIRIT

Author(s):  
Anna Laputko

It is analyzed that the secular assertion of human dignity, rights and freedoms in its practical plane in certain periods of human history has been and is a great challenge for Christian churches. It is studied that the Christian understanding of human dignity, balancing on the border of its theoretical proclamation and its practical implementation, served to promote the ideas of humanism, its ability to resist destructive, degrading manifestations of social life forms, in the dialectic of social and religious forms of life. It is shown that the dignity of the individual is inseparable from the understanding of his rights and freedoms, and therefore, the struggle for dignity and human rights is an integral part of the preaching of the truths of Christianity.

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Ahmad Purebrahim ◽  
Iraj Goldozian

Human dignity, and respect and commitment to it, is considered as one of fundamental principles of divine religions and international instruments on human rights. Benefit from valuable moral and theological virtues in order to provide of human growth and development exclusively is in the light of fundamental rights and the principle of preserving human dignity. Accordingly, today the concept of human rights and commitment to follow it in the international and national legal systems has a very important position. Rejection of all forms of exploitation humiliation and torture is one of the first underlying layer of human rights which known as negative human rights or social Don'ts. Although as the interpretation of the famous French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau in the eighteenth century, human is born free but in the process of social life and adapting to social situations in different ways to be distracted from their pure nature. Countless people in the world today are subject to oppression, even are subject to varying degrees of slavery instances including humiliation and degradation and prostitution. This research attempts to analyze the irreparable consequences of this phenomenon on human society, and also to look beyond national and transnational criminal measures and policies on this phenomenon.


Author(s):  
José Gomes André ◽  

This paper is concerned with the political philosophy of Richard Price, analysing the way this author has developed the concept of liberty and the problem of human rights. The theme of liberty will be interpreted in a double perspective: a) in a private dimension, that sets liberty in the inner side of the individual; b) in a public dimension, that places it in the domain of a manifest action of the individual. We will try to show how this double outlook of liberty is conceived under the optics of a necessary complementarity, since liberty, which is primarily understood as a feature of the subject taken as an individual, acquires only a full meaning when she becomes efective in a comunitary field, as a social and political expression. The concept of human rights will appear located in this analysis, being defined simultaneously as condition and expression of the human dignity and happiness, at the same time natural attributes of an individual that should be cultivated and public effectiveness that contributes to the development of society.


Author(s):  
Janilce Silva Praseres ◽  
Marcelo Ramos Saldanha

Abstract: human rights are a set of ethical values whose purpose is to protect and enable the realization of human dignity in its various dimensions and also prevent the reduction of the individual to the condition of object or, above all, the reduction of his condition as subject of rights, such as the right to life, freedom, security, equality. The universal character of human rights protection demonstrates some weaknesses, especially in the transposition into concrete legal systems, so what we propose is a brief analysis of human rights from Hannah Arendt.Uma Breve Análise Acerca dos Direitos Humanos a partir da Crítica de Hannah ArendtResumo: os direitos humanos são um conjunto de valores éticos que têm por finalidade proteger e possibilitar a realização da dignidade humana em suas várias dimensões e, ainda, impedir a redução do indivíduo à condição de objeto ou, sobretudo, a diminuição da sua condição na qualidade de sujeito de direitos, a exemplo o direito à vida, à liberdade, à segurança, à igualdade. O caráter universal de proteção aos direitos humanos demonstra algumas fragilidades, principalmente, na transposição para ordenamentos jurídicos concretos, assim, o que propomos é uma breve análise acerca dos direitos humanos a partir de Hannah Arendt.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 37-53
Author(s):  
Elwira Jolanta Kryńska

Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski in Defense of the Rights of the Nation The impulse to refer to the personal exemplar of Primate Stefan Cardinal Wyszyński and his teachings about the nation and family are the tendencies of moral relativism present in social life, resulting from the belief that only effectiveness and practical usefulness determine what is true and what is good. Seeing in this the threat of a return to „the only right and true doctrine”, which in truth is no longer the ideology of Marxism-Leninism, but destructive views opposing national culture, I consider it justified to recall one of the most outstanding Poles of the 20th century, for whom the good of Poland and Poles were the primary defense of human rights and the right of the nation to independence and justice. He tried to bring to light those values inherent in the nation that could effectively resist these growing threats. These defenses were cited as particularly valuable for the life of the nation and the Church in a totalitarian state that is striving to objectify and incapacitate the individual. However, faith combined with the morality of the Nation formed by the Church contributed to the maintenance of national unity and allowed it to survive in the conditions of communist restrictions. In order to release the Nation from the supremacy of communist ideology, the Primate of the Millennium did not hesitate to confront this system. Even his arrest and imprisonment did not discourage him from serving God and the Homeland. His nobility of heart, bravery of spirit and determination to defend the rights of the nation made him a hero who will not be forgotten!


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-59
Author(s):  
Stephan Kirste

Human dignity is the basis of human rights. From the four dimensions of dignity - the status subjectionis, the status negativus, the status positivus and the status activus - both form and content of human rights can be justified. The form as subjective rights is necessary so that man is treated as a subject and not as a mere object (status subjectionis). In terms of content, human rights protect not only freedom from the state (status negativus), freedom through the state (status positivus), but also the freedom of the individual to participate in the establishment of public authorities (status activus). In addition: human dignity itself is a human right.


Author(s):  
Svetlana Borisovna Zhdanenko ◽  
Eduard Anatolievich Kalnytskyi ◽  
Yuliia Vasil’evna Meliakova

It is shown that the origins of the modern concept of human rights as the leading political and legal doctrine are in the horizon of the formation of philosophical knowledge. The ideas of the thinkers of antiquity, the Middle Ages and the New Age regarding freedom, equality, justice and human dignity, which constitute the basic principles and values of the concept of human rights, are considered. The genesis of human rights occurs in the context of the development of natural-legal thinking and the search for a balance between individual happiness and public good. It is proved that modern ideas about human rights are based on philosophical concepts, the quintessence of which was the proclamation of the autonomy and freedom of the individual.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAURICIO BUENO DA ROSA

Classical philosophers conceived the study of politics from a normative perspective. From this flowed the current understanding that political action should be guided by ethics. As a result, the primary goal of politics was to educate men, make them better, and guide them for good. Machiavelli does not share the conception of man left by Christian philosophy that this is a being impelled by nature to social life. According to Christian understanding, the individual was subordinate to the state, but its action was limited by the natural or moral law that transcends the state's own authority, constituting a superior office to which every member of the community can turn when temporal power goes against it. your rights. In contrast, for Machiavelli, man is a being driven by antisocial forces. According to the Florentine man has a tendency to act on selfish impulses for his own benefit. This natural tendency can be controlled by the use of religion, law, or coercion, for as he himself writes, man does good when he feels coerced to do so. For Machiavelli, the perversity of men is a finding of historical observation, men have always dominated each other, because desires and interests move them in opposite directions.


Author(s):  
Ertuğrul Gazi AKSOY

Özet: İnsan hakları, her bireyin doğuştan sahip olduğu ve devletlerin öngördüğü kanunlara aykırı olmadığı müddetçe kimsenin mahrum bırakılamayacağı olanakları ifade etmektedir. Bu haklar, sahip olduğu değerleri, ırkı, düşüncesi, coğrafyası, dili, dini, cinsiyeti ve rengi bakımından ayrım gösterilmeksizin tüm insanlar için geçerlidir. İnsan hakları, bireyin doğumundan itibaren var olması nedeniyle insanlık tarihi kadar geniş bir geçmişe haizdir. İlkçağlardan modern devlete kadar geçen süreç içerisinde insan hakları için birçok mücadele verilmiştir. İnsanın haklarının var olduğunu sadece bireylerin veya devletlerin girişmiş olduğu eylemler de göremeyiz. Buna bağlı olarak dinlerinde insanın hakları yönünde savları var olmuştur. Buradan hareketle bu çalışma içerisinde, ilk çağlardan günümüze kadar ilan edilmiş temel insan hakları belgelerinin kısa tarihçesi ele alınacak ve bu belgelerin insan hakları bağlamındaki katkılarına değinilecektir. Kuran-ı Kerimdeki ayetler incelenecek ve insan hakları belgelerine nazaran daha köklü bir geçmişe ve muhtevaya sahip olduğu ifade edilecektir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Temel İnsan Hakları Belgeleri, İnsan Hakları, Kur’an’da İnsan Hakları, Eşitlik, Özgürlük. Abstract: Human rights represent the possibilities that each individual has by birth and that no one can be deprived unless it is contrary to the laws prescribed by the states. These rights apply to all people without discrimination in respect of their values, race, thought, geography, language, religion, gender and color. Human rights have a history as wide as human history because of their existence since the birth of the individual. Many struggles for Human Rights have been given during the period from the early ages to the modern state. We cannot see the existence of human rights only by actions taken by individuals or states. There have been arguments about human rights in the religions. In this study, the brief history of the basic human rights documents that have been published from the early ages to the present day will be discussed and the contributions of these documents in the context of human rights will be addressed. The verses in the Qur’an will be examined and it will be stated that they have a more established background and more content than human rights documents. Keywords: Basic Human Rights Documents, Human Rights, Human Rights in the Qur’an, Equality, Freedom. Аннотация: Адам укуктары эгерде бул мамлекеттер тарабынан каралган мыйзамдарга карама-каршы келбесе, ар бир адам төрөлгөндө ээ болгон жана эч ким ажырата албаган мүмкүнчүлүктөрдү билдирет. Бул укуктар, алардын баалуулуктар, раса, ой жүгүртүү, аймактын, тил, дин, жарым жана түстүү айырмачылыкты жок, бардык адамдарга карата колдонулат. Адам укуктары, адам төрөлгөндөн бери бар, анткени адамзаттын тарыхы сыяктуу эле көп тарыхка ээ. Биринчи учурдан тартып азыркы мамлекеттерге чейин болуп өткөн процессте адам укугу үчүн күрөш көп болду. Биз жеке адамдардын же мамлекеттин алдында жасаган иш-аракеттерде гана адам укуктары бар экенин көрө албайбыз. Ушуга байланыштуу, адам укуктары боюнча алардын дининде макулдашуулар бар болчу. Ошондуктан, бул изилдөөнүн алкагында алгачкы күндөрдөн тартып, биздин күн-гө чейин жарыяланган адам укуктары боюнча негизги документтердин кыскача тарыхы каралат жана адам укуктары контекстке бул документтердин салымы каралат. Курандагы ырлар изилдөө жана адам укуктары боюнча документтерге караганда туңгуюкка өткөн жана мазмуну менен чагылдырылат. Түйүндүү сөздөр: адам укуктары боюнча негизги документтер, адам укуктары, курандагы адам укуктары, теңдик, эркиндик.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 104-109
Author(s):  
V. Anastasiyeva ◽  

The article considers the legal grounds and procedure for removal from office in criminal proceedings, analyzes the range of procedural problems that arise in the implementation of the investigated measure. As a result, it was established that removal from office in criminal proceedings belongs to the measures to ensure criminal proceedings. Important aspects that require consideration are the grounds for dismissal, as well as the appropriate procedural procedure for the implementation of the measure under investigation. The study reveals the need for further study and detailed legal regulation of such a measure of criminal proceedings as removal from office, given the underdevelopment of its effectiveness and significance by the pre-trial investigation authorities. The main task of the current CPC of Ukraine is to respect and protect the rights and legitimate interests of persons involved in criminal proceedings, to ensure the legality and reasonableness of restrictions on constitutional human rights and freedoms at the pre-trial stages of criminal proceedings. Measures to ensure criminal proceedings are directly related to the restriction of human rights. This institute is given considerable attention both at the legislative level - within the CPC of Ukraine provides for a separate year II, and in the practical implementation of its provisions - the implementation of specific criminal proceedings. Modern criminal procedural legislation of Ukraine, enshrining a new system of coercive measures, proposed a humanistic approach to the restriction of labor rights of the individual and established preliminary judicial supervision over the legality and justification of temporary removal from office of a suspect or accused. In the system of measures of criminal procedural coercion, removal from office occupies a special place due to the high probability of creating social difficulties for a suspect or accused person who loses his job, position and position in society, receiving a statutory level of material support from the state. Therefore, there are problems of unclear legal regulation of removal from office, the practice of applying this measure to ensure criminal proceedings has not been properly formed, which has led to a decrease in the number of satisfied requests of the prosecution. The following problems can be argued: first, the lack of justification for the need to restrict the labor rights of citizens, second, the growing role of legal guarantees to protect the rights of citizens in restricting their constitutional rights, and third, the lack of a clear list of grounds for dismissal. , the content of this measure to ensure criminal proceedings and legal regulation of the legal consequences of removal from office.


2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Luciana De Oliveira Dias ◽  
Mariana Da Costa Amorim

A palavra homofobia não expressa toda a carga de ódio e agressividade que pode ser direcionada a uma pessoa homossexual. Um pertinente questionamento é em que medida este tipo de comportamento pode ser classificado como uma fobia? Em que medida a redução do ódio e agressividade à noção de fobia colabora para patologizar uma ação que poderia ser tipificada como criminosa? Neste artigo problematizamos a limitação etimológica do termo e chamamos a atenção para a necessidade de uma ressignificação da percepção do sujeito intolerante-agressivo. Questões de direitos humanos são apontadas como caminho possível para a constituição de interações socioculturais menos naturalizadas e restituidoras da dignidade humana a sujeitos violentados.Palavras-chave: Homofobia; Patologia; Intolerância; Direitos Humanos.***AbstractIs the word homophobia able to mean the entire amount of hate and aggressiveness addressed to the individual who suffer this kind of aggression? Can this behavior be classified as a sort phobia? In this article we examine if the use of this term contributes to build a view of the intolerant-aggressive one as a pathological individual. The realization of human rights is the possible way to establish fair social interactions. In situations of justice are reduced the naturalization process and also the human dignity may be restored to the victims of violence.Keywords: Homophobia; Pathology; Intolerance; Human Rights.***ResumenLa palabra homofobia no expresa todo el potencial de odio y agresión que se dirige a una persona gay en determinadas situaciones. ¿Hasta qué punto este tipo de comportamiento puede ser clasificado como una fobia? ¿Hasta qué punto la idea asociada con fobia contribuye a convertir a patológica una acción que podría ser tipificada como un delito? En este artículo se cuestiona la limitación etimológica del término, y llamamos la atención sobre la necesidad de una redefinición de la percepción del sujeto agresivo intolerante. Los derechos humanos son citados como posible camino para la creación de nuevos significados a las interacciones socioculturales. Es decir, la realización de los derechos humanos presentase como restituidora de la dignidad humana de los sujetos abusados.Palabras clave: Homofobia; Patología; Intolerancia; Derechos Humanos.


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