ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКАЯ ЦЕННОСТЬ СИММЕНТАЛЬСКИХ БЫКОВ-ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЕЙ ЗАРУБЕЖНОЙ СЕЛЕКЦИИ ПРИ ПЕРЕОЦЕНКЕ НА БАЗЕ ПЛЕМЕННЫХ РЕСУРСОВ РОССИИ

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
A.A. SERMYAGIN ◽  
L.P. IGNATIEVA ◽  
S.A. SHEMETYUK ◽  
S.N. KHARITONOV ◽  
I. SOELKNER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Genetic Breeding ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Livestock Population ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Simmental Cattle

Проведены сравнительные исследования по переоценке быковпроизводителей симментальской породы импортного происхождения на примере российской региональной популяции скота. Дана краткая характеристика состояния развития генетических ресурсов на породном уровне в Австрии. Проведено сопоставление селекционногенетических параметров в сравнении с РФ. Оценка племенной ценности производителей отечественной (n843) и зарубежной селекции (n641) проводилась на основе методологии BLUP, которая далее сравнивалась с официальной оценкой быков, полученной аналогичным методом по результатам 2018 года в Австрии. Наследуемость показателей молочной продуктивности колебалась от 0,182 до 0,252. Анализ результатов взаимосвязи между фенотипическими показателями дочерейпервотелок, а также генетическими оценками быковпроизводителей показал низкую повторяемость от 0,145 по фенотипу до 0,216 по генотипу для удоя, 0,047 и 0,103 для процента жира, 0,043 и 0,109 для процента белка, соответственно, по изучаемой выборке. С увеличением числа потомков и точности племенной ценности повторяемость EBV быков, оцененных в РФ и Австрии, возрастала от 0,0950,181 до 0,7470,918, соответственно. Определены условия для прохождения процедуры проверки по качеству потомства импортированных быков симментальской породы (семени) для их переоценки на территории РФ: должны быть получены не менее 80 дочерей из 34 хозяйств EBV страныпроисхождения по ряду хозяйственно полезных признаков может бытьиспользовано в качестве дополнительной информации точность оценки, полученной на поголовье в РФ, должна быть не ниже 70, а переоценка племенной ценности максимально приближена к методике страны выведения особи, то есть к BLUP процедуре.Comparative studies on the reevaluation in Simmental cattle sires of foreign origin were carried out using the Russian regional livestock population. A brief description of genetic resources development of Simmental cattle in Austria is given. A comparison of genetic parameters with the Russian cattle population is carried out. Assessment of breeding value in domestic (n843) and foreign breeding sires populations (n641) was carried out by BLUP methodology which was then compared with the official bulls evaluation obtained using a similar method according to the results of 2018 in Austria. The heritability of milk production traits ranged from 0.182 to 0.252. The correlation analysis between phenotypic features of firstparity daughters and genetic breeding values of sires showed low repeatability from 0.145 for the phenotype to 0.216 for the genotype by milk yield, 0.047 and 0.103 for the fat percentage, 0.043 and 0.109 for the protein percentage, respectively, for the studied dataset. With an increase the number of offspring and the accuracy of breeding value the repeatability of the bulls EBV evaluated in the Russian Federation and Austria ranged from 0.0950.181 to 0.7470.918, respectively. The conditions for passing the verification procedure of imported Simmental bulls (semen) in Russia for reevaluation are defined: at least 80 daughters from 34 farms must be obtained EBV of the country origin for economically useful traits can be used as additional information the accuracy of the EBV based on Russian population should not be lower than 70, and the reassessment of breeding value should be as close as possible to the BLUP methodology of the country that animal was bred.

EFFICIENCY AND COMPARISON OF THE TEST-DAY MODEL AND BLUP METHOD MODIFICATIONS FOR ASSESSING BULLS BREEDING VALUE IN SIMMENTAL CATTLE BREED

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.И. МАМОНТОВА ◽  
С.А. НИКИТИН ◽  
Е.Е. МЕЛЬНИКОВА ◽  
А.А. СЕРМЯГИН
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Am1 Method ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Genetic Trend ◽  
Sire Model ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Simmental Cattle

Целью проведенных исследований являлась отработка и адаптация применения методик BLUP AM (Animal Model — модель животного) и TDM (Test-Day Model — модель тестового дня) для прогнозирования племенной ценности быков-производителей и оценки селекционно-генетических параметров на популяции скота симментальской породы четырех регионов РФ. Проведен сравнительный анализ указанных методов с более ранним методом BLUP SM (Sire Model — модель отца). Рассчитана племенная ценность быков и коров симментальской породы по признакам молочной продуктивности: удой за 305 дней, выход молочного жира, выход молочного белка. Анализ полученных средних значений достоверности оценок быков-производителей, рассчитанных на основе сопоставляемых методов, свидетельствует, что достоверность для признака «удой за 305 дней» при переходе от метода SM1 к AM1 увеличивается на 2,4%, а при переходе от SM1 к TDM1 — на 7,8%. Даны варианты генетического тренда по удою с использованием различных уравнений моделей расчета племенной ценности. На основании полученных данных можно сделать вывод о том, что модель тестового дня позволяет не только повысить точность оценок быков, но и более рельефно выявить их ранги, а также несколько уменьшить срок получения достоверных оценок производителей по качеству потомства по продуктивным признакам. The purpose of this research was to develop and adapt the application of BLUP AM (Animal Model) and TDM (Test-Day Model) methods for predicting the sires breeding value and evaluating genetic parameters for Simmental cattle population in four regions of the Russian Federation. A comparative analysis of these methods with the earlier BLUP SM (Sire Model) method is performed. The breeding value for sires and cows of Simmental breed was calculated by milk production traits: milk yield for 305 days; milk fatyield; milk proteinyield. The sires reliability of average breeding value calculated by different methods reveal that milk yield for 305 days when switching from the SM1 to AM1 method increases by 2.4%, and when switching from SM1 to TDM1 — by 7.8%.The variants of the genetic trend for milk yield are given using various equations of BLUP and TDM. Based on the obtained data, it can be concluded that the Test-Day model allows increasing the accuracy of bull’s evaluation and also more clearly identifying their ranks, as well as slightly reducing the time for obtaining reliable estimates of bulls by offspring for production traits.

scholarly journals To the question of evaluating the efficiency of linear breeding in Simmental cattle breed different origin

2020 ◽  
Vol 197 (6) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
L. Ignat'eva ◽  
A. Konte ◽  
A. Sermyagin
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Foreign Origin ◽  
Simmental Cattle ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The purpose of the research – to study the impact of related foreign pedigree resources on the Russian population of Simmental cattle. Research Methods. Studies carried out on cows of Simmental breed of different linear origin and genotypes in five regions of Russian Federation: Voronezh, Oryol, Kursk, Belgorod regions and Altayskiy krai, the total number was 35147 cows. EBV estimates were calculated through RENUMF 90, REMLF 90 and BLUPF 90 programs. Evaluation of the components of the variants of genetic and paratypical nature was carried out using the method restricted maximum likelihood – REML. Results. It is established that the largest share for animals foreign origin are 60.7 %, including German-Austrian bloodlines 46.6 % and Holsteins – 14.1 %. 39.3 % of animals are the Russian origin, which 13.5 % representatives of German-Austrian bloodlines, 17.8 % are Holsteins and 8.0 % are from domestic (Russian) bloodlines. In the general population of Simmental breed, the best productivity was shown by cows of German-Austrian bloodlines at the level of 5351 kg of milk with fat percentage 4.00 % and protein percentage 3.19 %. Representatives of German-Austrian bloodlines origin for milk yield showed the estimated breeding value (EBV) for Simmental bulls in the common population by +9.2 kg and fat percentage by +0.012 %. The negative EBV values were obtained for Russian bloodlines by –22.8 kg, and Holstein bloodlines took an intermediate position among all lines (+2.3 kg). The first calving cows, which were in the herd at the time of research, the best milk production traits were found in individuals of foreign origin, both for Holstein (6096 kg of milk with a fat content of 3.96 % and protein 3.23 %), and German-Austrian bloodlines (milk yield 5763 kg, fat 4.04 % and protein 3.19 %), with high estimates of breeding value for milk yield +33.3 kg and +15.2 kg, respectively. Low values of milk productivity among all evaluated animals were observed for animals of Russian bloodlines by 4469 kg milk 3.87 % fat and 3.20 % protein in milk. The first calving cows of Russian origin in foreign bloodlines origin exceeded their peers in Russian Simmental bloodlines in milk production by +608 kg of milk and +0.15 % fat (signed to German-Austrian bloodlines) and +924 kg and +0.06 % fat (signed to Holstein bloodlines). The average values of EBV in these lines, although had low values by –5.6 kg milk for Holstein and by +2.7 kg milk for German-Austrian bloodlines, but was significantly higher than for Russian lines by –12.7 kg milk. Scientific novelty. For the first time, scientific research aimed at improving the system of prediction to breeding abilities of bulls on dairy productivity of daughters based on optimization structure of equations of the mixed model (BLUP, the best linear unbiased prediction) has been carried out for the population Simmental cattle of Russian Federation.

Effect of Breed and Some Non - Genetic Factors on Milk Production and Some Proportions of Its Chemical Components in Two Breeds of Local Sheep

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-231
Author(s):  
Rahman Hussein AL-Qasimi ◽  
Shatha Mohammed Abbas ◽  
Allawi L.D. AL-Khauzai
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Awassi Sheep ◽  
Total Milk ◽  
Milk Components

The study was carried out on 19 ewes of local Awassi sheep and 12ewes local Arabi sheep in the Al-kafeel sheep station Karbala, to determine the effect of breed and some non-genetic factors such as (sex of the lamb, type of birth, age and weight of ewes at birth) on daily and total milk production and lactation period and some of milk components (fat, protein and lactose). The results showed that a significant effect (P <0.05) of the breed on milk production traits where Awassi sheep recorded the highest mean (0.91 kg , 101.63 kg , 104.86 day) compared to the Arabi sheep she was means (0.77 kg , 88.15 kg , 99.15 day) respectively. As well as in proportions of milk components with mean( 5.1 , 4.90 , 5.51) % respectively compared to the Arabi sheep (4.70 . 4.20 . 4.89) ewes with male lambs also exceeded superior ewes with female lambs in daily and total milk production and the lactation period the sex of the lamb did not affect the proportions of milk components the weight of the ewes had a significant effect (P <0.05) in milk production attributes with superior weight of ewes on lower ewes and did not affect the proportions of milk ingredients except for lactose. The type of birth and the age of the ewes did not have a significant effect in all the studied traits except for the superiority (P<0.05) of young ewes on age ewes in the fat percentage of milk.

Genetic analysis of docility score of Australian Angus and Limousin cattle

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Walkom ◽  
M. G. Jeyaruban ◽  
B. Tier ◽  
D. J. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Maternal Behaviour ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Subjective Score

The temperament of cattle is believed to affect the profitability of the herd through impacting production costs, meat quality, reproduction, maternal behaviour and the welfare of the animals and their handlers. As part of the national beef cattle genetic evaluation in Australia by BREEDPLAN, 50 935 Angus and 50 930 Limousin calves were scored by seedstock producers for temperament using docility score. Docility score is a subjective score of the animal’s response to being restrained and isolated within a crush, at weaning, and is scored on a scale from 1 to 5 with 1 representing the quiet and 5 the extremely nervous or anxious calves. Genetic parameters for docility score were estimated using a threshold animal model with four thresholds (five categories) from a Bayesian analysis carried out using Gibbs sampling in THRGIBBS1F90 with post-Gibbs analysis in POSTGIBBSF90. The heritability of docility score on the observed scale was 0.21 and 0.39 in Angus and Limousin, respectively. Since the release of the docility breeding value to the Australian Limousin population there has been a favourable trend within the national herd towards more docile cattle. Weak but favourable genetic correlations between docility score and the production traits indicates that docility score is largely independent of these traits and that selection to improve temperament can occur without having an adverse effect on growth, fat, muscle and reproduction.

scholarly journals QTL mapping for production traits in Czech Fleckvieh cattle

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 396-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Matějíčková ◽  
M. Štípková ◽  
G. Sahana ◽  
T. Kott ◽  
J. Kyseľová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Qtl Mapping ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Variance Component ◽  
Variance Component Analysis ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Chromosome 14 ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Mapping Model

The objective of this study was to find QTL for milk production traits in Czech Fleckvieh cattle on chromosomes 6, 7, 11, 14, and 23 where QTL were previously identified in other dairy cattle populations. Sixteen grandsire families were genotyped for 38 microsatellite markers on the selected chromosomes. A QTL mapping model based on variance component analysis was implemented via restricted maximum likelihood (REML) to estimate QTL positions and their effects. A significant QTL affecting fat percentage was found at the beginning of chromosome 14 (0 cM), near marker ILSTS039. Suggestive QTL associated with milk production traits appeared on other studied chromosomes (BTA6, BTA7, BTA11, and BTA23). This first QTL search on five chromosomes in Czech Fleckvieh population showed several suggestive QTL that can be promising for further studies and contribute to better understanding of genetics of milk production in the Czech Fleckvieh cattle. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Genetic parameters for female fertility and milk production traits in first-parity Czech Holstein cows

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 108-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Zink ◽  
J. Lassen ◽  
M. Štípková
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Female Fertility ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Fertility Traits

The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for female fertility and production traits in first-parity Czech Holstein cows and to quantify the effect of using this information on the accuracy of a selection index in seven different scenarios. In order to estimate genetic (co)variance components, the DMU software running an AI-REML algorithm was used. The analyses were made using a series of bivariate animal models. The pedigree included 164 125 animals and it was set up using a pruned animal model design. The present study included the following female fertility traits for the first lactations: calving to the first insemination (CF), days open (DO), calving from the first to the last insemination (FL), and milk production traits: milk production (MLK), kg of fat (FAT), and kg of protein (PROT). The heritability for all the investigated fertility traits was low and close to 0. Moderate heritabilities for production traits ranging from 0.20 (MLK) to 0.23 (PROT) were estimated. The strongest unfavourable correlation was found between PROT and DO (0.49). Other estimated correlations between fertility traits and production traits were moderate, ranging from 0.26 to 0.41. The results of this study evidence that cows with the poorest genetic potential for reproductive performance are those having high genetic potential for milk production and milk components. The results also show that the number of days from calving to new pregnancy depends on the production level. Seven investigated scenarios using selection index theory show a clear trend for increasing accuracy when more fertility traits were added as well as when higher numbers of daughters with information on reproduction traits per sire were available. &nbsp;

Prospects for genetic improvement of milk production traits of Sahiwal cattle in Kenya

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 69-69
Author(s):  
E.D. Ilatsia ◽  
T. K. Muasya ◽  
W. B. Muhuyi ◽  
A. K. Kahi
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Phenotypic Parameter ◽  
Sahiwal Cattle

The primary emphasis of the long-term Sahiwal cattle breeding programme is to increase milk yield by selecting cows based on their performance in first three lactations. It is therefore important to have knowledge on the extend of additive genetic variance and genetic parameters for these traits. Genetic and phenotypic parameter estimates normally apply directly to the specific population and environment from which the data were collected. In the Sahiwal cattle in Kenya, very little is known about the genetic variation of milk production traits and their genetic relationships. Furthermore, genetic and phenotypic parameter estimates for the Sahiwal cattle based on multivariate animal model are scarce. This paper presents estimates of variance components and genetic parameters for milk production traits using trivariate animal model.

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