RISKS OF ANEMIA DEVELOPMENT IN DONORS ACCORDING TO INHERITED PREDISPOSITION AND REGULARITY OF BLOOD DONATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-83
Author(s):  
I.M. Vorotnikov ◽  
V.A. Razin ◽  
I.M. Lamzin ◽  
M.N. Sokolova ◽  
M.E. Khapman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Hla Antigens ◽  
Hla Typing ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Inherited Predisposition ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Group 1

Anemia is one of the most common complications of blood donation. Thus, the objective of the paper was to assess the risks of anemia development in donors according to the regularity of donation and inherited predisposition. Materials and Methods. The authors carried out a prospective study, which included 241 blood donors, using random sampling and case-control techniques. Depending on blood donation frequency, the donors were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 consisted of 122 people (51.5 %) frequently donating blood; Group 2 included 119 people (48. 5 %) rarely donating blood. We studied the initial indicators of a general blood test and the same indicators a year after the first blood donation. Additionally, we performed HLA typing of donors. Statistica v. 8.0 software package (Stat Soft Inc., USA) was used for statistical analysis. To compare two independent samples, we used a nonparametric Mann-Whitney U-test and a parametric Student’s t-test (depending on the type of distribution). To assess anemia risks, the odds ratio was calculated. Results. One year after the first blood donation, anemia was diagnosed in 13 people (10.6 %) in Group 1 and in 7 people (5.9 %) in Group 2 (p=0.179). A11 and B7 HLA antigens did not increase anemia risks in group 1 (OS=1.257 (95 % CI 0.318–4.973) and OS=0.240 (95 % CI 0.051–1.134, respectively). HLA-antigens A11 and B7 did not increase anemia risks in Group 1 (OR=1.257 (95 % CI 0.318-4.973) and OR=0.240 (95 % CI 0.051–1.134), respectively). In group 2, antigen-A11 was also an insignificant factor (OS=2.902 (95 % CI 0.606-13.889)) for anemia development. Whereas, antigen-B7 increased anemia risks by 14 times (OS=14.364 (95 % CI 1.644-124.011)). Conclusion. In rare blood donors, it is the genetic factor that plays the main role in anemia development. High prevalence rates of anemia in frequent blood donors are probably determined by other factors. Keywords: anemia, blood donors, HLA typing. Механизмы развития анемий и факторы, их индуцирующие, остаются до конца не изученными. Целью исследования стало изучение риска развития анемии у доноров крови в зависимости от частоты донации и наличия наследственной предрасположенности к развитию анемии. Материалы и методы. Проведено проспективное исследование, выполненное методами случайной выборки и «случай-контроль», в которое вошел 241 донор крови. В зависимости от частоты сдачи доноры были поделены на 2 группы: группу 1 составили 122 чел. (51,5 %), часто сдающие кровь; группу 2 – 119 чел. (48,5 %), редко сдающих кровь. Изучались исходные показатели общего анализа крови и через год от начала донации. Дополнительно проводилось HLA-типирование доноров. Статистический анализ осуществлялся с применением программы Statistica v. 8.0 (Stat Soft Inc., США). Для сравнения двух независимых выборок использовался непараметрический U-критерий Манна–Уитни и параметрический t-критерий Стьюдента (в зависимости от типа распределения). Для оценки риска возникновения анемии рассчитывалось отношение шансов. Результаты. Через год с момента первой сдачи крови в группе 1 выявлено 13 чел. (10,6 %) с анемией, в группе 2 – 7 чел. (5,9 %) (р=0,179). Наличие HLA-антигенов А11 и B7 не повышало риск развития анемии в группе 1 (ОШ=1,257 (95 % ДИ 0,318–4,973) и ОШ=0,240 (95 % ДИ 0,051–1,134 соответственно). В группе 2 наличие гена А11 также являлось незначимым фактором (ОШ=2,902 (95 % ДИ 0,606–13,889), присутствие гена В7 в 14 раз повышало риск развития анемии (ОШ=14,364 (95 % ДИ 1,664–124,011). Выводы. Высокий риск развития анемии у редко сдающих кровь доноров обусловливается генетическими факторами. Высокая распространённость анемии у часто сдающих кровь доноров, вероятно, определяется другими факторами. Ключевые слова: анемия, доноры крови, HLA-типирование.

scholarly journals SAT0140 SAFETY OF TOFACITINIB THERAPY IN HBSAG CARRIERS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1008.2-1008
Author(s):  
L. Fang ◽  
Z. Lin ◽  
Z. Liao ◽  
O. Jin ◽  
Y. Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hbsag Carriers ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Group 1

Background:Targeted synthetic DMARDs (ts-DMARDs) are becoming more available and affordable in developing countries, where the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is still an important public health issue. The safety of ts-DMARDs therapy in terms of the reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection need more concern. Rare data from a prospective study focus on the use of ts-DMARDs in patients with concurrent rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and HBV infection were available by now.Objectives:To evaluate the influence of tofacitinib on reactivation of HBV infection in HBsAg carriers with RA.Methods:In this 52 weeks observation, HBsAg carriers with active RA (DAS28>5.1) despite failed combined treatment with MTX and other non-biological DMARDs were enrolled. Patients must have normal liver function prior to study. All patients received therapy with tofacitinib (5mg twice daily) and concomitant MTX (10-12.5mg/w). Entecavir was prescribed preventively for patients who had a baseline HBV load >2000 copy/ml (group 1), and Lamivudin for patients with HBV load ≤ 2000 copy/ml (group 2). Liver enzymes (AST/ALT) and HBV viral load were monitored every 4 weeks. Increased viral load and abnormal liver function were managed according to expert opinion.Results:Thirteen patients (10 female) were recruited. Nine patients had a baseline viral load >2000 copy/ml (group 1, with preventive Entecavir), and the other 4 patients had a viral load ≤ 2000 copy/ml (group 2, with preventive Lamivudin). Two patients from group 1 discontinued tofacitinib at week 12 due to ineffectiveness, and both continued taking Entecavir for another 3 months after the discontinuation of tofacitinib.No reactivation of hepatitis B was observed in patients from group 1. One patients (female, 54 years old) from group 2 underwent a mild increase of both ALT and AST (67 and 56 IU/L, respectively) at week 16. An elevated viral load (4.9e6 copies/ml, baseline 1.4e3) and a HBV YMDD mutant was also found. The tofacitinib treatment continued. After prescription of Adefovir (combined with the pre-existing Lamivudin), both liver enzyme and viral load decreased to normal range in 8 weeks and remained normal throughout the study.Conclusion:An aggressive Tofacitinib + MTX therapy may be a safe option for HBsAg carriers with cs-DMARDs refractory RA. More active and effective prophylaxis strategy may be recommended to reduce the risk of HBV reactivation during the treatment.References:[1]Chen YM, Huang WN, Wu YD, et al. Reactivation of hepatitis B virus infection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving tofacitinib: a real-world study. Ann Rheum Dis 2018; 77:780-2.Disclosure of Interests: :None declared

scholarly journals Water sorption of heat-polymerized acrylic resins processed in mono and bimaxillary flasks

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina B. Meloto ◽  
Laís R. Silva-Concílio ◽  
Cristiane Machado ◽  
Margarete C. Ribeiro ◽  
Fábio A. Joia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Sorption ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Microwave Energy ◽  
Water Bath ◽  
Acrylic Resins ◽  
Energy Processing ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Group 1

This study evaluated water sorption in heat-polymerized acrylic resins processed in monomaxillary flasks by water bath and in bimaxillary flasks by microwave energy and water bath. Fifty heat-polymerized acrylic resin specimens were fabricated according to the 12th specification of the American Dental Association and assigned to 3 groups: group 1 was processed by water bath in monomaxillary metallic flask; group 2 was processed by microwave energy in bimaxillary PVC flask; and group 3 was processed by water bath in bimaxillary metallic flask. Specimens were submitted to water sorption test, means were calculated and analyzed statistically by Student's t-test. Means (in g/cm³) were: group 1 - 0.024085, group 2 - 0.025312 and group 3 - 0.022098. Microwave energy processing and the amount of stone and resin used in the bimaxillary PVC flask did not influence water sorption; specimens processed in bimaxillary metallic flask by water bath presented lower water sorption means, suggesting an inadequate polymerization of the acrylic resin mass.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii as an Adjuvant Therapy in Acute Childhood Diarrhoea

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dillip Kumar Dash ◽  
Mrutunjaya Dash ◽  
M.D. Mohanty ◽  
Naresh Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: Administration of S. boulardii in addition to rehydration therapy in diarrhea found to be beneficial in many aspects owing to a variety of causes and importantly it is was not associated with any adverse effects.Material and Methods: We conducted a prospective study of children suffering from acute diarrhoea, at a private tertiary care hospital. Children were divided into 2 groups randomly as per odd(Group 1 ) and even (Group 2) bed allotted in indoor at the time of admission: Group 1 included children on oral rehydration therapy (ORT) + Zinc + Saccharomyces boulardii (Probiotic 5 billion CFU twice daily) and Group 2 comprised of children on ORT+ Zinc. Our objective was to systematically review data on the effect of S. boulardii on acute childhood diarrhoea.Results: Out of a total of 126 children less than 2 years, 2-6 years and 6-14 years were 72 (57.14%), 42(33.33%) and 12(09.52%) respectively. The duration of diarrhoea in Group 1 was 26.31 hours and Group 2 was 47.81 hours (p<0.01). The frequency of diarrhoea showed improvement within 24 and 72 hours in Group 1 and Group 2 respectively (p<0.01).Similarly, the mean duration of hospital stay was 2.68 days in Group 1 and 4.8 days in Group 2.The treatment cost was INR 850 and INR 1650 while social cost was INR 1250 and 2600 in Group 1 and 2 respectively.Conclusion:This study shows that S. boulardii reduced the duration, frequency and hospital stay of diarrhoea thereby reducing the treatment and social costs.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2016;36(3):250-255

scholarly journals Reduction of exposure to blood donors in preterm infants submitted to red blood cell transfusions using pediatric satellite packs

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Lika Uezima ◽  
Ariane Moreira Barreto ◽  
Ruth Guinsburg ◽  
Akemi Kuroda Chiba ◽  
José Orlando Bordin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Blood Donor ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Erythrocyte Transfusion ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

OBJECTIVE: In preterm newborn infants transfused with erythrocytes stored up to 28 days, to compare the reduction of blood donor exposure in two groups of infants classified according to birth weight. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted with preterm infants with birth weight <1000g (Group 1) and 1000-1499g (Group 2), born between April, 2008 and December, 2009. Neonates submitted to exchange transfusions, emergency erythrocyte transfusion, or those who died in the first 24 hours of life were excluded. Transfusions were indicated according to the local guideline using pediatric transfusion satellite bags. Demographic and clinical data, besides number of transfusions and donors were assessed. . Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine factors associated with multiple transfusions. RESULTS: 30 and 48 neonates were included in Groups 1 and 2, respectively. The percentage of newborns with more than one erythrocyte transfusion (90 versus 11%), the median number of transfusions (3 versus 1) and the median of blood donors (2 versus 1) were higher in Group 1 (p<0.001), compared to Group 2. Among those with multiple transfusions, 14 (82%) and one (50%) presented 50% reduction in the number of blood donors, respectively in Groups 1 and 2. Factors associated with multiple transfusions were: birth weight <1000g (OR 11.91; 95%CI 2.14-66.27) and presence of arterial umbilical catheter (OR 8.59; 95%CI 1.94-38.13), adjusted for confounders. CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of pediatrics satellites bags on blood donor reduction was higher in preterm infants with birth weight <1000g.

scholarly journals Comparison of peribulbar anesthesia and topical anesthesia on outcome of phacoemulsification

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishi Mehta ◽  
Sharda Punjabi ◽  
Nutan Bedi ◽  
Chandra Kant Nagar
Keyword(s):  
Intraoperative Complications ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Topical Anesthesia ◽  
Satisfaction Score ◽  
The Other ◽  
Patients Satisfaction ◽  
Peribulbar Anesthesia ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Group 1

Background: Due to advancement in phacoemulsification techniques, there has been growing shift from peribulbar anesthesia (PA) to topical anesthesia (TA). But dilemma exists regarding the supremacy of one over the other as both types have certain advantages and disadvantages.Methods: A prospective study was conducted. Patients were divided into two groups. Group-1 underwent PA while group-2 underwent TA. Satisfaction score of patients and surgeons and incidence of complications were noted. The data was analyzed.Results: Lowest patients’ satisfaction score among group-1 vs. group-2 was 160 (87.9%) vs.82 (45.81%). Highest surgeons satisfaction score among group-1 and group-2 was 74(40.65%) vs. 2(1.1%). Intraoperative complications among the group-1 and group-2 were 35 (19.2%) vs. 86(48.0%).Conclusions: While TA provides initial painless phase of surgical procedure, PA results in lesser intraoperative complications resulting in better visual outcome.

Pregnancy outcomes in patients with uterine junctional zone thickening

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Ekaterina K. Orekhova ◽  
Olga A. Zhandarova ◽  
Igor Yu. Kogan
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Junctional Zone ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Maximum Thickness ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Group 1

Hypothesis/aims of study. Overcoming infertility and miscarriage in adenomyosis is a complex practical problem in obstetrics and gynecology. It is likely that one of the signs of the disease is a thickening of the transitional zone between the endometrium and the myometrium (J-zone), which can be visualized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The data on the influence of the biometric characteristics of the J-zone on the course and outcome of pregnancy in patients with adenomyosis is ambiguous. This study was aimed to assess the effect of J-zone thickness on pregnancy outcomes in patients with adenomyosis. Study design, materials and methods. This is a prospective study, which included 102 patients aged 22-39 years with ultrasound signs of adenomyosis who were going to conceive. The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n = 58) consisted of nulliparous patients with no history of previous intrauterine interventions; Group 2 (n = 58) comprised multiparous women with any of those, such as curettage of the uterine cavity for a non-developing or unwanted pregnancy and separate diagnostic curettage for a reason not related to pregnancy. Using MRI, J-zone maximum thickness was measured at the thickest part. We evaluated the relationship between J-zone thickness and pregnancy outcomes, while estimating J-zone thresholds for subfertility outcomes in the both groups. Results. The average value of J-zone maximum thickness in Group 2 was significantly higher than that in Group 1 and amounted to 12.1 4.2 mm and 10.3 3.9 mm, respectively (p 0.05). The pregnancy rate in the both groups did not differ significantly and amounted to 43.1% in Group 1 and 38.6% in Group 2 (p 0.05). The frequency of retrochorial hematoma was diagnosed in 13.8% and 22.7% of cases, respectively, and did not differ significantly in the both groups (p 0.05). The frequency of spontaneous miscarriage in Group 1 and Group 2 did not differ, either (6.9% and 6.8%, p 0.05). The J-zone thresholds for unfavorable pregnancy outcomes were determined with a probability of 60% in Group 1 (9.1 mm) and Group 2 (10.0 mm). Conclusion. J-zone thickness may be used as a prognostic marker of pregnancy outcome in patients with adenomyosis.

Detection Of Potentially Embolic Intracardiac Thrombus In Patients With Cerebral Ischaemia

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
R M Donaldson ◽  
C Humphrey ◽  
R W Emanuel ◽  
C Earl
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischaemia ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intracardiac Thrombus ◽  
Cardiac Assessment ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Histological Confirmation ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Group 1

In a prospective study, 5 8 consecutive patients presenting clinically with transient or permanent focal cerebral ischaemia underwent cardiac assessment which included twodimensional echocardiography (2DE). All had been referred after neurological investigations failed to establish the underlying cause of the neurological event. 5 0 of these patients had no evidence of heart disease (Group 1); the other 28 patients had clinical evidence of an underlying cardiac abnormality or arrhythmia (Group 2). One of the patients in Group 1 had echocardiographic evidence of mitral valve prolapse; no cardiac pathology was visualised in the other 29 patients in this group. In 5 of the 28 patients from Group 2, intracardiac thrombus presumed responsible for the neurological manifestations was demonstrated by 2DE and histological confirmation obtained following surgery or at necropsy in 4 of these cases. No abnormality was found on 2DE in the other 23 patients. All acoustically dense thrombi were larger than 1.5 cm and had some degree of organisation. Two were recent, histologically showing red blood cells and mplatelet-fibrin columnation. The accoustical similarity of small thrombi to the surrounding blood or endocardium may hinder the sensitivity of the method.The technique may help to define patients at risk from embolisation. As intracardiac thrombi are a common and potentially an easily prevented cause of stroke,a 2DE screen should be undertaken in patients with arrhythmias or clinical evidence of cardiac disease who have experienced one or more episodes of cerebral ischaemia.

scholarly journals Antibacterial-Coated Suture in Reducing Surgical Site Infection in Breast Surgery: A Prospective Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enora Laas ◽  
Cécile Poilroux ◽  
Corinne Bézu ◽  
Charles Coutant ◽  
Serge Uzan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Breast Surgery ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Microbial Colonization ◽  
Suture Materials ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Axillary Lymphadenectomy ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Group 1

Background. To reduce the incidence of microbial colonization of suture material, Triclosan- (TC-)coated suture materials have been developed. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of suture-related complications (SRC) in breast surgery with and without the use of TC-coated sutures.Methods. We performed a study on two consecutive periods: 92 patients underwent breast surgery with conventional sutures (Group 1) and 98 with TC-coated sutures (Group 2). We performed subgroups analyses and developed a model to predict SRC in Group 1 and tested its clinical efficacy in Group 2 using a nomogram-based approach.Results. The SRC rates were 13% in Group 1 and 8% in Group 2. We found that some subgroups may benefit from TC-coated sutures. The discrimination obtained from a logistic regression model developed in Group 1 and based on multifocality, age and axillary lymphadenectomy was 0.88 (95% CI 0.77–0.95) (). There was a significant difference in Group 2 between predicted probabilities and observed percentages (). The predicted and observed proportions of complications in the high-risk group were 38% and 13%, respectively.Conclusion. This study used individual predictions of SRC and showed that using TC-coated suture may prevent SRC. This was particularly significant in high-risk patients.

The Role of Age at First Exposure and Therapy Regimen on the Development of Neutralizing FVIII Antibodies in Hemophilia A.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 3082-3082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Escuriola Ettingshausen ◽  
Alexandra Zyschka ◽  
Inmaculada Martinez Saguer ◽  
Christine Heller ◽  
Thomas Klingebiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemophilia A ◽  
Inhibitor Development ◽  
Therapy Regimen ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Intron 22 Inversion ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Group 1

Abstract In order to assess the impact of age at first exposure to F VIII and therapy regimen on neutralizing FVIII-antibodies in previously untreated patients (PUP) with hemophilia A a prospective study was performed. Over a 23-years study period a total of 74 severely affected hemophilia A -PUPs have been consecutively recruited, treated with F VIII and investigated for inhibitor development. The patients were divided into two groups according to their treatment regimen: Group 1 (n=23) started prophylaxis at the age of 1 year (before or immediately after the first relevant bleed). Group 2 (n=43) was treated on-demand or prophylaxis was started after more than 2 bleeds. The following parameters were equally distributed among both groups: caucasian ethnicity, intron-22-inversion, age at 1st ED >0.5 years. Out of 74 hemophilia A patients 23 developed inhibitors (31%). Inhibitor incidence was 0% (1 transient inhibitor out of 23 patients) in those patients who received early prophylaxis (group 1) and 42% (18/43 patients) in case of delayed prophylaxis or on-demand treatment (group 2) (p=0.002). No linear correlation was found between the age at first exposure and inhibitor formation. However, patients treated before the age of 0.5 years showed a significantly higher inhibitor incidence (62%) than those treated at an more advanced age. Our data confirm that very early age at first exposure is a risk factor for inhibitor development in severe hemophilia A patients. Early prophylaxis might be protective against inhibitor development. To confirm the data a larger patient cohort has to be investigated.

scholarly journals Does Varicocelectomy Improve Gonadal Function in Men with Hypogonadism and Infertility? Analysis of a Prospective Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasan Sathya Srini ◽  
Srinivas Belur Veerachari
Keyword(s):  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Group 1

Varicocele in infertile males is associated with Leydig cell dysfunction and hypogonadism. The effect of varicocelectomy on serum testosterone level is not yet established. We analysed 200 heterosexual infertile men diagnosed to have clinical varicocele they were divided into two groups: group 1 (100 men) had microsurgical varicocelectomy, and group 2 (100 patients) underwent assisted reproduction procedures. All participants had semen analysis, serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin, and total testosterone (TT), measured both at recruitment time and 6 months later. In group 1, the mean TT level increased significantly after varicocelectomy (1.644±0.029to2.461±0.0198 ng/dL,P<0.0001) and testicular size correlated with the mean change in TT (P=0.001). No similar change was found in group 2. Out of the 100 patients in group 1, 78 had postoperative normalization of TT unlike only 16 men in group 2.

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