scholarly journals Efficacy of Probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii as an Adjuvant Therapy in Acute Childhood Diarrhoea

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dillip Kumar Dash ◽  
Mrutunjaya Dash ◽  
M.D. Mohanty ◽  
Naresh Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: Administration of S. boulardii in addition to rehydration therapy in diarrhea found to be beneficial in many aspects owing to a variety of causes and importantly it is was not associated with any adverse effects.Material and Methods: We conducted a prospective study of children suffering from acute diarrhoea, at a private tertiary care hospital. Children were divided into 2 groups randomly as per odd(Group 1 ) and even (Group 2) bed allotted in indoor at the time of admission: Group 1 included children on oral rehydration therapy (ORT) + Zinc + Saccharomyces boulardii (Probiotic 5 billion CFU twice daily) and Group 2 comprised of children on ORT+ Zinc. Our objective was to systematically review data on the effect of S. boulardii on acute childhood diarrhoea.Results: Out of a total of 126 children less than 2 years, 2-6 years and 6-14 years were 72 (57.14%), 42(33.33%) and 12(09.52%) respectively. The duration of diarrhoea in Group 1 was 26.31 hours and Group 2 was 47.81 hours (p<0.01). The frequency of diarrhoea showed improvement within 24 and 72 hours in Group 1 and Group 2 respectively (p<0.01).Similarly, the mean duration of hospital stay was 2.68 days in Group 1 and 4.8 days in Group 2.The treatment cost was INR 850 and INR 1650 while social cost was INR 1250 and 2600 in Group 1 and 2 respectively.Conclusion:This study shows that S. boulardii reduced the duration, frequency and hospital stay of diarrhoea thereby reducing the treatment and social costs.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2016;36(3):250-255

Nasal Trauma in Neonates receiving CPAP And its Prevention in tertiary care hospital.

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mushtaq Ahmad Sheikh ◽  
Altaf Ahmad Bhat ◽  
Rukaya Akhthar ◽  
Mudassir Ahad Wani ◽  
Tariq Wani
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Nasal Trauma ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Neonatal Care Unit ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: This study was done to evaluate the frequency and severity of nasal trauma secondary to nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) in neonates and different methods to reduce the nasal septum injury via CPAP Methods: This is a prospective study carried out in the Neonatal Care Unit (NCU) of LAL DED maternity hospital associated with department of pediatrics Government Medical College, Srinagar, Kashmir. The study included newborns that underwent NCPAP with prongs on admission and those receiving NCPAP after weaning from ventilator, from 1st January 2016  - 1st jan 2017. Neonates noses were monitored from the first day of NCPAP treatment until its weaning. Nasal trauma was reported into Three Grades: (I) Erythema/pressure indentation (II) superficial Erosion and (III) Septal necrosis. Results:-258 newborns were included in study, 136 males and 122 females. All enrolled newborn received CPAP. Babies were randomly allocated to different groups in which no barrier and different barriers were applied. Randomization ofgroup of infants who received no barrier(group 0) and different barriers( group 1,2,&amp;3) was done by systematic allocation, in which first newborn was randomly designated to no barrier group 0 on particular day of admission ,and subsequently alternating with other three groups i.e group 1,group 2, group 3. The mean gestational age, birth weight and CPAP days in each group is 31wk (GA28-35 wks),1200 gms(0.7kg-1.8kg) &amp; 5 days(3-10days) respectively. Incidence of Septal  necrosis was 26.7% in the babies that had ‘No barrier applied at septal hudson prongs interface (Group0), which was significantly more (p&lt;0.001) when compared with other three groups, within which its incidence was 2.8% in Cotton applied at septal and hudson prongs interface with glycerine (Group1), 7.1% in Danaplast applied at interface(Group2) and 0.0% in Cotton soaked with normal saline(Group3) respectively. In Group 0 nasal septal injury Grade 1 is (35%),grade 2 (35%),and grade 3(30.0%), in Group 1, grade 1 septal injury is (84%), grade 2(12.7%) &amp; grade 3(2.8%),In Group 2 grade 1 is (65.7%),grade2(30.0%),grade3 (4.3%) and Group3 grade1(80.7%),grade2(19.3%) and Grade3 (0.0%) Conclusions: Nasal trauma is a frequent complication of NCPAP, especially in preterm babies and babies requiring nasal prongs for longer duration. And can be prevented by applying a barrier as in group 1,2 &amp;3 in our study shows statistically significant decreased in severe nasal septal injury. JMS 2017;20(2):96-100  

scholarly journals MRI Spectrum of Japanese Encephalitis in Northeast India: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 281-289
Author(s):  
Pranjal Phukan ◽  
Kalyan Sarma ◽  
Barun Kumar Sharma ◽  
Deb K. Boruah ◽  
Bidyut Bikash Gogoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Mri Scan ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Objective Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an arthropod-borne flavivirus infection having high mortality and morbidity. This study was performed to evaluate the conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in JE and to find out any difference between pediatric and adult JE. Materials and Methods This retrospective study was performed on serologically positive 54 JE patients presented to a tertiary care hospital with acute encephalitic symptoms between April 2016 and October 2019. Relevant neurological examination, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and MRI scan of the brain were performed. Results Fifty-four JE patients (n = 31 males and n = 23 females) having 32 pediatric and 22 adult JE were included in the study sample. Group 1 JE (n = 16) patients had encephalitic symptoms with duration less than 15 days up to the day of MRI scan and group 2 JE (n = 38) had symptoms more than 15 days. Group 1 JE had mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value of 0.563 ± 0.109 (standard deviation [SD]) × 10–3 mm2/sec and group 2 JE had 1.095 ± 0.206 (SD) × 10–3 mm2/sec. The mean ADC value of pediatric JE was 0.907 ± 0.336 (SD) × 10–3 mm2/sec and adult JE was 0.982 ± 0.253 (SD) × 10–3 mm2/sec. Conclusion The majority of the JE patient shows abnormal signal alterations in bilateral thalami and substantia nigra. Diffusion-weighted imaging with ADC mapping helps in evaluating the stage of the JE. No statistical significance of the various conventional MRI findings was found between the pediatric JE and adult JE.

scholarly journals Comparative study of Mirs’(Mushtaq and Shabir) technique of prepuce preserving minimally invasive urethroplasty with Snodgrass urethroplasty for repair of distal hypospadias without chordee…A prospective study

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (01) ◽  
pp. 048-053
Author(s):  
Mushtaq Mir ◽  
Shabir Ahmad Mir ◽  
Muddassir Shahdhar ◽  
Mumtazdin Wani ◽  
Hakim Adil Moheen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Analgesic Requirement ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Distal Hypospadias ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Background: There is no single, universally applicable technique for hypospadias repair and numerous techniques have been practised from time to time. We compare the results of our new technique (Mirs’ technique also called Mush & Shab’s technique) to Snodgross urethroplasty. Mirs’ technique is a modified version of Thiersch-Duplay urethroplasty. Material and Methods: This prospective comparative study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital of Northern India over a period of 3 years from March 2010 to March 2013 and included 120 patients of anterior (distal penile, subcoronal, coronal and glanular) hypospadias without chordee. They underwent either Mirs’ technique (group 1 n = 60) or Snodgrass technique (group 2 n = 60). Follow-up was at 1-week, 1-month, 3 months and 6 months. Results: The mean operative time was 55 min (range: 43-70 min) in group 1 and 71.9 min (range: 60-81 min) in group 2 (P & 0.001). Urethrocutaneous fistula developed in two and four patients in group 1 and 2, respectively. Fistula closure was done at least 3 months postoperatively, and there was no significant difference in success rate between the two groups. Three cases of glanular dehiscence were detected (one in group 1 and two in group 2); the patient from group 1 had a successful repair using the already preserved prepuce. Conclusion: Mirs’ modification of Thiersch-Duplay technique for distal hypospadias is a time saving procedure with a lower overall complication rate. Valuable local tissue is preserved to deal with any complication that may occur. Analgesic requirement was significantly lower in this minimally traumatic technique. As it is less time consuming, simple and easy to learn with a short learning curve, this technique deserves application in cases of distal hypospadias.

scholarly journals Dyslipidaemia pattern amongst diabetic patients visiting a tertiary care hospital in Eastern Odisha

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1662
Author(s):  
Surendra Nath Behera ◽  
Shubhransu Patro
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Identification Code ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Group 1

Background: With controlled blood sugar levels, the occurrence of dyslipidaemia can be reduced. Due to poor awareness and literacy being a major concern, there is an association in the incidence of dyslipidaemia and cardiovascular risk. Routine and timely observations can help health care professionals to reduce the future risk.Methods: The current study was initiated at the Department of Medicine, KIMS, Bhubaneswar (Odisha). It included in total 669 patients, who were assigned into two groups: Group 1(Diabetic) included 364 patients and Group 2 (Non-diabetic) included 305 patients. The study patients were screened using a pretested structured questionnaire. The plan and checklist were linked by unique identification code (ID). Data was gathered in a friendly atmosphere after obtaining informed consent.Results: In the current study, all characteristics of diabetes were correlated with each parameter and it was found that disproportionate body mass index, high waist girth was correlated with incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Literacy is one of the factor found intermediate responsible for CVD. The more educated, the more advances in current lifestyle is observed whereas due to illiteracy, awareness about health issues is less and both together result in increased incidence of CVD.Conclusions: Dyslipidaemia should be promptly diagnosed and treated aggressively to reduce the rate of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Difference in mean weight gain and hospital stay in preterm babies receiving complete or partial kangaroo mother care compared to no kangaroo mother care: Experience from a tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 152-155
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asif Siddiqui ◽  
Tayyaba Khawar Butt ◽  
Muhammad Azhar Farooq ◽  
Muhammad Tauseef Omer ◽  
Farhan Zahoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Kangaroo Mother Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Pakistan is a resource limited country with one of the highest neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in the world. Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) helps in reducing the mortality and improving the care of preterm babies. The objective of this study was to identify the benefits of KMC in hospitalized newborns in terms of better weight gain and early discharge from hospital. Subjects and methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted in the Neonatal Department of Services Hospital from 01.02.2019 to 31.01.2020. A total of 144 case notes, who met inclusion criteria were included. Subjects were divided in 2 Groups of 77 each. Group 1 did not receive KMC and Group 2 received KMC (partial or complete). Admission weight, gestational age at birth, duration of hospital stay and the average weight gain was noted for subjects in both groups. SPSS version 23 was used to analyze data. Independent samples t-test was applied. A p-value of ˂0.05 is taken as significant. Results: Mean weight gain in Group 1 was 5.521 g/kg/day (±6.664), whereas in Group 2 was 15.635 g/kg/day (±9.268). Mean hospital stay in Group 1 was 12.558 days (±10.856) and in Group 2 it was 8.208 days (±6.473). Weight gain and duration of hospital stay was significantly better in KMC Group with a p-value ˂0.05. This benefit was observed both for partial and complete KMC. Conclusion: KMC (partial or complete) leads to better weight gain and reduces the duration of hospital stay.

scholarly journals Outcome of intraoperative use of mitomycin C combined with conjunctival auto graft in recurrent pterygium

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manash Kumar Goswami ◽  
F. Hossain ◽  
A.B. Shamsudduha ◽  
M Asaduzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Mitomycin C ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Recurrent Pterygium ◽  
Pterygium Surgery ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
One Year ◽  
Group 1

Background and objectives: Recurrent pterygium is an important ocular problem in our country. There are different modalities of treatment for recurrent pterygium. The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of intraoperative mitomycin C along with conjunctival auto graft to prevent recurrence of pterygium.Methods: Patients with recurrent pterygium attending a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka from January 2013 to June 2015 were included in the study. Cases were randomized into two groups. Group 1 had pterygium surgery with conjunctival auto graft and Group 2 had auto graft and intraoperative mitomycin C (0.02%). All cases were followed up for one year to assess recurrence of pterygium.Results: A total of 54 recurrent pterygia cases were included in the study. The age of study population was 25 to 65 years. The recurrence rate of pterygium after 12 months was 77.7% in group 1 and none in group 2. No major postoperative complication was observed.Conclusion: The study demonstrated that the use of intraoperative mitomycin C along with conjunctival auto graft had significant effect in preventing the recurrence of pterygium.IMC J Med Sci 2016; 10(2): 49-52

scholarly journals A comparative clinical study on efficacy of terbinafine and griseofulvin in patients with tinea corporis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
G. Muthu Kavitha ◽  
M. Shanthi ◽  
M. S. Ahil
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Tinea Corporis ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Mycological Cure ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Comparative Clinical Study ◽  
Mycological Cure Rate ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Group 1

Background: The objective of the present study was to compare the efficacy of terbinafine and griseofulvin in patients with tinea corporis in a tertiary care hospital, Madurai.Methods: About 60 patients are selected from the outpatient department of Dermatology according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were divided into 2 groups of 30 patients each. Group 1 received tab. terbinafine 250 mg OD and group 2 received 250 mg BD for 4 weeks. All patients were investigated at baseline, end of 2nd week and at end of 4 weeks. Effectiveness of both the drugs were determined by achieving clinical as well as mycological cure. The results were recorded, tabulated and analysed using student’s t test.Results: Patients in group 1 showed higher clinical and mycological cure rate when compared with group 2.Conclusions: Oral terbinafine is the effective antifungal agent in the treatment of extensive tinea corporis infection.

scholarly journals Outcome of Eclamptic Mothers Attending Tertiary Care Centre from Home and those Referred from Primary Heath Care Site

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Upendra Pandit ◽  
Chittaranjan Das ◽  
Farhat Banu ◽  
Shakil Ahamad
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Magnesium Sulphate ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Hilly Region ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: Magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) is an effective and safe drug which stabilizes the patient within few hours of eclampsia and terminates subsequent seizures if it is given on time. The aim of this study was to compare maternal and fetal outcome between a group of eclamptic mothers who came to the tertiary care hospital directly without receiving MgSO4 (Group 1) and those referred from primary care centers after receiving loading dose of MgSO4 (Group 2).   Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of eclamptic mothers who were admitted and managed from the period of 1st January 2012 to 31st March 2016 at Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital, Nepal. Sociodemographic characters and maternal and fetal outcome was compared between the two groups.   Results: Among 92 cases, 57 (62%) were from Group 1 and 35 (38%) were from Group 2. Most of the mothers attended from Banke district (n=52, 56.5%) followed by Bardia district (n=17, 18.5%). Brahmin and Chhetri were 20 (35%) and 10 (29%); Muslim 16 (28%) and 4(11%); Janajati from Terai 16 (28%) and 8 (23%); Janajati from hilly region 4 (7%) and 5 (14%); and Chaudhari 1 (2%) and 8 (23%) in Group 1 and Group 2 respectively.  More (n=26, 74%) mothers had baby with good Apgar score in Group 2 than in Group 1 (n=33, 58%). There were 14 (15.2%) still births; 9 (16%) in Group 1 and 5 (14%) in Group 2. Complication rate was observed more in Group 1 (n=16, 28%) than in Group 2 (n=7, 20%) and the most common complication in both groups was wound infection. The mean days of hospital stay was 5.96 (SD=3.32) and 5.91 (SD=3.38) in Group 1 and Group 2 respectively.   Conclusion: The group receiving magnesium sulphate in primary care centre have good fetal outcome and less maternal complications compared to those who were admitted directly in tertiary care centre and receive the treatment there.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of efficacy and adverse effects of tacrolimus vs cyclosporine in chronic dry eye disease: a tertiary care hospital based study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 2216
Author(s):  
Zeenat Fatima ◽  
Rakesh Chandra Chaurasia ◽  
Satya Prakash Singh
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Dry eye disease (DED) is the very common and underdiagnosed ocular condition affecting vision, quality of life, and the outcomes of cataract or refractive surgery. Dry eye disease (DED), either alone or in combination with other conditions, is a frequent cause of ocular irritation that leads the patients to seek ophthalmic care. Due to a wide variety of presenting symptoms, it is often unrecognized and this causes great frustration of the patient and treating physician. While these symptoms often improve with appropriate treatment, usually in majority of the cases the disease may not be curable. Aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of tacrolimus and cyclosporine in dry eye disease.Methods: This was a single centred, 3 months prospective study. Patients with unilateral or bilateral dry eye disease and an ocular surface disease index score >12, atleast one eye with schirmer score <5mm and TBUT <10 s were enrolled in the study. The enrolled patients were randomly divided into two groups, twenty-five patients in Group 1 and twenty three patients in Group 2 completed the follow up. Group 1(n =25) who received 0.03% tacrolimus eye ointment twice daily for consecutive 3 months and Group 2 (n= 23) received 0.05% cyclosporine eye drops twice daily for consecutive 3 months the primary efficacy outcome was Schirmer score after 3 months. The secondary outcomes were TBUT and adverse effects.Results: After 3 months, both the treatment groups showed significant improvement in mean Schirmer score (p<0.001) and mean TBUT (p <0.0001). However, on comparing both the groups, mean Schirmer score and mean TBUT, results were comparable. No patient discontinued treatment because of minor ocular adverse effects.Conclusions: Dry eye patients demonstrated improvement in Schirmer score and TBUT after 3 months of treatment with tacrolimus 0.03% ointment and cyclosporine 0.05% eye drops.

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