Some psychophysiological parameters of a person during a passive orthostatic test

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.S. Karpikova ◽  
V.A. Semiletova ◽  
E.V. Dorokhov
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Cardiac Rhythm ◽  
Parasympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Dynamic Parameters ◽  
Orthostatic Test ◽  
Heart Activity ◽  
Situational Anxiety ◽  
Sensorimotor Reaction ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

The study involved 14 volunteer students. Situational anxiety was determined, tests were carried out to determine simple and complex sensorimotor reactions, the cardiac rhythm of the subjects was recorded. Oxygen saturation was determined using an oximeter. Dynamic parameters were recorded: lying in a state of functional rest (background 1), vertical at 65-70° (vertical), lying after verticalization (horizontal), lying in a state of functional rest (background 2). The analysis of the data obtained was carried out using the Excel and StatPlus Pro programs. It was revealed that during verticalization, changes in the regulation of the heart activity of the subjects are carried out mainly due to the central mechanisms of regulation through the sympathetic nervous system. The transfer from a vertical to a horizontal state is accompanied by a restructuring of the regulatory system towards the activation of subcortical nerve centers and a shift in the balance of the SNS/PSNS towards the parasympathetic nervous system. Key words: passive orthostatic test, cardiac rhythm, simple sensorimotor reaction.

The Autonomic Nervous System

Neuroanatomy ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 117-138
Author(s):  
Adam J Fisch
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Cardiac Rhythm ◽  
Parasympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Baroreceptor Reflex ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
System P ◽  
Hair Fiber ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

This chapter provides an overview of the autonomic nervous system and respective instructions for drawing its various components. These include the, parasympathetic nervous system, sympathetic nervous system, lower urinary system, baroreceptor reflex, respiration, and digestive tract. The chapter discusses the various functions of elements of these systems, and it presents conditions and illnesses specifically related to disorders in elements of the autonomic nervous system, such as cardiac rhythm abnormalities (arrhythmias), respiratory failure, gut dysmotility, bladder dysmotility, and skin manifestations, such as hair fiber loss and sweating.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF FUNCTIONAL INTERHEMISPHERIC ASYMMETRY AND PARTICULARITIES OF VARIABILITY OF THE CARDIAC RHYTHM IN CHILDREN OF 7-8 YEARS IN THE INFORMATION LOAD

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-176
Author(s):  
M.A. Paramonova ◽  
O.A. Vedyasova ◽  
A.I. Lukina ◽  
E.S. Karpova
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Cardiac Rhythm ◽  
Parasympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Functional Asymmetry ◽  
Information Load ◽  
Interhemispheric Asymmetry ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Coefficient Of Asymmetry

During the information loading in children, the changes of coefficient of functional asymmetry, reflecting strengthening role of left hemisphere in realization of mental activity in the age of 7 to 8 years are revealed. At the same time, shifts of diagnostic parameters of variability of cardiac rhythm depending on age, sex and direction of changes in coefficient of asymmetry are found. Most pronounced changes were found in indexes of activity of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system, thus more noticeable change by sympathetic nervous system at loading was observed in girls of the first class, and parasympathetic — in boys of the second class. Dependence of changes of coefficient of functional asymmetry at loading of reference values is established in sympathetic nervous system and Bayevsky index at right-handed persons of 8 years.

scholarly journals Hemodynamic Patterns and Spectral Analysis of Heart Rate Variability during Dialysis Hypotension

1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2577-2584
Author(s):  
MICHEL G. W. BARNAS ◽  
WALTHER H. BOER ◽  
HEIN A. KOOMANS
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Parasympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Intradialytic Hypotension ◽  
Intravascular Volume ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System Activity ◽  
System Activity ◽  
Nervous System Activity ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

Abstract. Intradialytic hypotension, a major source of morbidity during hemodialysis and ultrafiltration, is often accompanied by paradoxical bradycardia. Relatively little is known about the sequential changes in autonomic nervous system activity up to and during the hypotensive episode. Continuous, beat-to-beat measurements of BP and heart rate were made during hemodialysis in patients prone (n = 8) and not prone (n = 11) to develop intradialytic hypotension. Off-line spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) was performed to assess changes in autonomic nervous system activity during dialysis sessions both with and without hypotension. The low frequency (LF) component of HRV is thought to correlate with sympathetic nervous system activity, the high frequency (HF) component with that of the parasympathetic nervous system. In the sessions not complicated by symptomatic hypotension (n = 26), mean arterial BP (MAP) hardly fell, whereas heart rate increased from 77 ± 2 to 89 ± 5 bpm (P < 0.05). The LF component of HRV increased from 45.2 ± 5.0 normalized units (nu) to 59.9 ± 4.9 nu (P < 0.05), whereas the HF component fell from 54.8 ± 5.0 to 40.2 ± 4.4 nu (P < 0.05). These changes agree with compensatory baroreflex-mediated activation of the sympathetic nervous system (and suppressed parasympathetic activity) during ultrafiltration-induced intravascular volume depletion. In the sessions complicated by severe symptomatic hypotension (n = 22), the changes in heart rate and the results of spectral analysis of HRV were similar to those reported above up to the moment of sudden symptomatic (nausea, vomiting, dizziness, cramps) hypotension, whereas MAP had already fallen gradually from 94 ± 3 to 85 ± 3 mmHg (P < 0.05). The sudden further reduction in MAP (to 55 ± 2 mmHg, P < 0.02) was invariably accompanied by bradycardia (heart rate directly before hypotension 90 ± 2 bpm, during hypotension 69 ± 3 bpm, P < 0.002). The LF component of HRV fell from 62.8 ± 4.6 nu directly before to 40.0 ± 3.7 nu (P < 0.05) during hypotension, whereas the HF component increased from 37.9 ± 4.7 to 60.3 ± 3.7 nu (P < 0.05). These findings agree with activation of the cardiodepressor reflex, involving decreased sympathetic and increased parasympathetic nervous system activity, respectively. These findings indicate that activation of the sympatho-inhibitory cardiodepressor reflex (Bezold-Jarisch reflex), which is a physiologic response to a critical reduction in intravascular volume and cardiac filling, is the cause of sudden intradialytic hypotension.

Abstract P161: Tai Chi Movements Bring On Parasympathetic Nerve Output As Indicated By Audible Bowel Sounds

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Desuo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Parasympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nerve ◽  
Parasympathetic Nerve ◽  
Bowel Sounds ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Tai Chi Exercise

Tai Chi movements are unique exercise that can improve cognition, strength somatomotor coordination, and enhance autonomic nerve regulation on internal organ function. The mild increase in heart rate and/or slight sweat during and after practicing Tai Chi indicates the activation of the sympathetic nervous system. There is lack of evidence to show that Tai Chi exercise enhances the activity of parasympathetic nervous system though it has been claimed that practicing Tai Chi could do so. The author tested the hypothesis that Tai Chi exercise brings on an increase in parasympathetic nerve outputs (PNO). The PNO is evaluated by recording the bowel sounds using an audio recorder (Sony digital voice recorder ICD-PX Series) and the data analyses were done using NCH software (WavePad audio editor). The heart rate was simultaneously recorded using a fingertip pulse oximeter (Zacurate Pro Series 500DL) during Tai Chi exercise. All the data was repeatedly collected from a Tai Chi Master in a study period of 6 months. A total of 30 recordings were used to carry out the analysis. The audible bowel sounds occurred when the performer started to do the Ready-Movement of Yang-style Tai Chi. These Tai Chi induced-bowel sounds lasted from the beginning to the end of a set of movements (3-5 min for 24-moves style). The frequency of bowel sounds was in a range of 0.2 to 3.5 Hz. The average number of bowel sounds was approximately 2.5 sounds per Tai Chi Move. The intensity and frequency of the bowel sounds are not related to the change of the performer’s heart rate. In comparison, meditation or deep squat exercise performed by the Tai Chi master did not cause any changes in the bowel sounds. According to the autonomic innervation of the GI tract, increase of bowel movements is mediated by PNO. In conclusion, Tai Chi movements can simultaneously exercise skeletal muscles, sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system. The enhancement of parasympathetic nervous system output by Tai Chi exercise is a valuable modality of physical exercise for wellness.

Peripheral Nervous SystemAutonomic Nervous System

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Fisch
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Parasympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
System P ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

Chapter 6 discusses how to draw the peripheral nervous system, specifically the autonomic nervous system, including autonomic fiber arrangements, the parasympathetic nervous system, the sympathetic nervous system, the urinary system, and the cardiac reflex.

Cold pressor test protocol to evaluate cardiac autonomic function

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Wirch ◽  
Larry A Wolfe ◽  
Tracey L Weissgerber ◽  
Gregory A.L Davies
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Parasympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Function ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Lateral Decubitus ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Frequency Power

The primary objective of this study was to develop a cold pressor test (CPT) protocol to evaluate cardiac autonomic function. Secondary objectives were to assess CPT protocol reliability and to examine gender differences in response to orthostatic stress and the CPT. Healthy, normotensive men and women (n = 12 per group) completed 2 trials on different days in the left lateral decubitus and standing postures and during a 6 min CPT (hand immersion while seated). Measurements included R-R interval, blood pressure, ventilatory responses, spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity, and heart rate variability indices. During the CPT, blood pressure and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) indicator increased significantly and low-frequency power, high-frequency power (normalized for tidal volume), and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) indicator decreased significantly. Standing caused significant increases in the SNS indicator and decreases in the R-R interval in both genders. The PNS indicator was higher in women than in men in the left lateral decubitus posture. The 6 min hand-immersion CPT provoked cardiac sympathetic activation and parasympathetic withdrawal; however, it is best suited to studies with a repeated measures design, as analysis of reliability suggests that responses are highly variable between individuals. Performing the CPT in the left lateral decubitus position may prevent vasovagal responses.Key words: cold pressor test, sympathetic nervous system, parasympathetic nervous system, gender, posture.

Aromatherapy for Sleep

2021 ◽  
pp. 329-342
Author(s):  
Valerie Cacho ◽  
Mindy Green
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Parasympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Side Effect Profile ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Health And Well Being

Aromatherapy is defined as using the essential (volatile) oil extracted from an aromatic plant to improve health and well-being. The naturally occurring chemical constituents in essential oils cross the blood–brain barrier and interact with neurons of the autonomic nervous system. Specific essential oils can be used to treat insomnia via the parasympathetic nervous system by reducing anxiety, improving relaxation, and promoting sleep. They can also be used to treat hypersomnia by increasing alertness through stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. Essential oils are simple to use and have a low side-effect profile. Essential oils can be blended to create a personliazed aromatic therapy to support relaxation or promote alertness.

The neurophysiological embedding of child maltreatment

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Holochwost ◽  
Guan Wang ◽  
Jacek Kolacz ◽  
W. Roger Mills-Koonce ◽  
J. Bart Klika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Parasympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Metabolic Function ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

Abstract Maltreatment adversely impacts the development of children across a host of domains. One way in which maltreatment may exert its deleterious effects is by becoming embedded in the activity of neurophysiological systems that regulate metabolic function. This paper reviews the literature regarding the association between childhood maltreatment and the activity of three systems: the parasympathetic nervous system, the sympathetic nervous system, and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. A particular emphasis is placed on the extent to which the literature supports a common account of activity across these systems under conditions of homeostasis and stress. The paper concludes with an outline of directions for future research and the implications of the literature for policy and practice.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF ANTIARRHYTHMIC DRUGS ON THE SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
Ekaterina P. Popova ◽  
O. T Bogova ◽  
S. N Puzin ◽  
I. S Matsokin ◽  
A. A Gadzhimagomedova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Antiarrhythmic Drugs ◽  
Spectral Indices ◽  
Heart Activity ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

The use of the spectral analysis of the heart rate variability to assess the effectiveness of therapy is of great attention of researchers and doctors. This method allows you to get knowledge of the influence of the autonomic nervous system on the heart activity, which is an important factor for the manifestation of the effects of antiarrhythmic drugs. In this study, we studied the effect of antiarrhythmic drugs of class III amiodarone and sotalol on spectral indices of the heart rate variability in patients with atrial fibrillation. The power of slow frequencies prevailed in the structure of the spectrum with the introduction of amiodarone and sotalol. This suggests that the sympathetic nervous system have a predominant influence on the heart.

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