Resilience analysis for reconfigurable network with cascading failures

A network is a topology composed of nodes and the edges of connecting nodes. The nodes interact with each other through edges and realize the function of network. The break of one or several nodes in the network will cause the failure of other nodes through the connection relationship between nodes and this phenomenon is known as cascading failure. The function of large network depends on network structure. When some nodes or edges fail, the network can restore and maintain certain functions by means of reconstruction and load distribution. Based on the cluster of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and communication network, the cascading failure and reconfigurable features are considered in this study. By introducing the limitation of the maximum number of connections of nodes, a multi-state cascading failure rule based on information load distribution and a dynamic network reconnection rule based on probability are proposed, and the influence of the spread and propagation of cascading failure behavior on the invulnerability of the network are studied. Through simulation experiment design and analysis, several feasible suggestions to improve the invulnerability of UAV clusters are concluded.

COGNITIVE RESERVES: PREFRONTAL CORTEX OR INFORMATION LOAD?

Информационные технологии становятся всё более важным инструментом научного познания в связи с экспоненциальным увеличением количества публикаций, представляющих результаты нейробиологических и психологических исследований. Для выявления предикторов когнитивных резервов и методик их определения на основе разработанной прикладной онтологии нами выполнен библиометрический анализ публикаций, содержащихся в базе данных PubMed. Показано, что ежегодный рост количества релевантных теме публикаций в период 1990- 2019 гг. составил 11%, что превышает средний по науке. Среди психофизиологических индикаторов когнитивных резервов наибольший интерес отмечен к изучению префронтальной коры головного мозга, бета-диапазона (13-30 Гц) ЭЭГ, тормозных процессов и информационной нагрузки. Анализ роли этих факторов свидетельствует, что формирование и/или реализация когнитивных резервов обеспечивается вследствие тормозных функций префронтальной коры головного мозга для эффективной селекции релевантных стимулов в условиях информационной нагрузки. Выделенные предикторы когнитивных резервов и наиболее популярные методики их психометрической оценки могут быть полезны для выбора новых направлений исследований в геронтологии. Information technology is becoming an increasingly important tool of scientific knowledge due to the exponential growth of the number of publications presenting the results of neurobiological and psychological research. To identify predictors of cognitive reserves and methods for their determination based on the developed applied ontology, we performed a bibliometric analysis of publications contained in the PubMed database. It is shown that the annual growth in the number of publications relevant to the topic in the period 1990-2019 was 11%, which is higher than the average for science. We found the following psychophysiological indicators of cognitive reserves to gain the greatest increase in the interest of researchers: prefrontal cortex, beta range (13-30 Hz) of EEG, inhibition and information load. Analysis of the role of these factors suggests that the development and/or realization of cognitive reserves is provided due to inhibitory functions of the prefrontal cortex for the effective selection of relevant stimuli under conditions of information load. The identified predictors of cognitive reserves and the most popular methods of their psychometric assessment can be useful for choosing new areas of research in gerontology.

Communication Climate and Message Permanence in Organization

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of organizational communication at PT Rajawali Nusindo Medan. Data collection was done by conducting field research and distributing questionnaires to PT Rajawali Nusindo Medan emloyees. The sample consisted of 55 employees. The results of the study were based on 5 indicators, namely communication climate, information dissemination, information load, the permanence of messages, and organizational culture. The most effective indicators of organizational communication were climate, which had the highest average score with 11.8%, and the permanence of messages, with a score of 11.7%. Organizational culture was not very effective, with a score of only 11.2%. Keywords: Communication, Communication Organization, Effectiveness

STATE AND PROSPECTS OF AGROTOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN THE TAMBOV REGION

In modern conditions, agrotourism is one of the most promising areas of development of the tourism industry. The growing interest of tourists in agrotourism is due to the intensification of the pace of life, excessive information load, and unfavorable environmental conditions in cities. On the one hand, agrotourism is an independent type of tourism, and on the other hand, it combines various types of tourism developed in rural areas, taking into account available resources. For rural areas, agrotourism is the tool that can ensure the inflow of financial resources, and, consequently, their effective development. Today the decision of tasks of development of agro-tourism in many regions is based on state-private partnership, due to the fact that the development of agritourism allows to increase the efficiency of use of resources of rural areas to provide rural residents more jobs, reduce the outflow of population to the cities, to increase the interest of local residents in the development of rural areas. The article considers the concept of agrotourism, specifies the tasks and factors of agrotourism development, analyzes foreign and domestic experience of agrotourism development. The state of development of agrotourism in the Tambov region is investigated, prospects of development of agrotourism in the Tambov region are determined, a set of measures for the organization of agrotourism in the Tambov region is proposed.

Vegan cheeses vs processed cheeses – traceability issues and monitoring countermeasures

PurposeThe purpose of this study comes from the need of defining improved durability values and the realization of a good traceability management for selected vegan cheeses has suggested the comparison between a processed cheese and its analogous version without animal-origin raw materials. The durability should be studied at a well-defined temperature, probably agreed among the food producer and the food processor. In addition, the traceability system should consider many components and related suppliers.Design/methodology/approachA supply chain risk assessment analysis has been carried out with relation to two different products: an analogue cheese and a vegan cheese-like preparation. Raw materials and ingredients have been evaluated (production method and origin; geographical identification), with the aim of identifying simplified food.FindingsAn assessment of food supply networks has been carried out. In the first situation (analogue cheeses), the ingredient “cheeses” shows an important complexity: five suppliers with a related six-interconnection hub. On the other side, vegan cheeses are obtained from 11 ingredients (a challenging hub); four of them may be produced from 2–5 components of different origin (five total hubs). Tested processed cheeses are represented by means of a linear food supply network with two hubs (cheeses and “arrival” show degrees 6 and 9, respectively). Networks concerning vegan cheeses include five different hubs: four complex raw materials (degree: 2, 3, 4 and 5) and the “arrival” step (degree: 12).Originality/valueThe information load of vegan cheeses (two hubs, degrees >> average degree) appears high if compared with processed cheeses (two hubs), although the complexity of networks appears similar. Vegan cheeses may seem technologically simpler than processed cheeses and be sometimes questioned because of important traceability issues. Adequate traceability countermeasures in terms of preventive monitoring actions should be recommended when speaking of vegan cheeses. Anyway, a centralized manager would be always required.

Vast Amounts of Encoded Items Nullify but Do Not Reverse the Effect of Sleep on Declarative Memory

Sleep strengthens memories by repeatedly reactivating associated neuron ensembles. Our studies show that although long-term memory for a medium number of word-pairs (160) benefits from sleep, a large number (320) does not. This suggests an upper limit to the amount of information that has access to sleep-dependent declarative memory consolidation, which is possibly linked to the availability of reactivation opportunities. Due to competing processes of global forgetting that are active during sleep, we hypothesized that even larger amounts of information would enhance the proportion of information that is actively forgotten during sleep. In the present study, we aimed to induce such forgetting by challenging the sleeping brain with vast amounts of to be remembered information. For this, 78 participants learned a very large number of 640 word-pairs interspersed with periods of quiet awake rest over the course of an entire day and then either slept or stayed awake during the night. Recall was tested after another night of regular sleep. Results revealed comparable retention rates between the sleep and wake groups. Although this null-effect can be reconciled with the concept of limited capacities available for sleep-dependent consolidation, it contradicts our hypothesis that sleep would increase forgetting compared to the wake group. Additional exploratory analyses relying on equivalence testing and Bayesian statistics reveal that there is evidence against sleep having a detrimental effect on the retention of declarative memory at high information loads. We argue that forgetting occurs in both wake and sleep states through different mechanisms, i.e., through increased interference and through global synaptic downscaling, respectively. Both of these processes might scale similarly with information load.

Dynamics of Social Media Promotion of Prescription Drugs and Resulting Patient Belief Systems

Social media has emerged as a powerful tool for communication. A large number of professional pharmaceutical associations are making their presence felt across social media by utilizing infographics. The trend is towards just-in-time information—reaches to stakeholders only when needed—and this reduces information load that describes the modern healthcare system. It includes facts and figures such as fan-following of Twitter and Facebook and increase in video content. Its high utility during the pandemic has been explored including its misuse to create panic. Recently the interest of a large number of professional associations in social media to come up with succinct and credible information is yet another emerging trend. This chapter tries to identify the healthcare information available on social media sites, which has been found to be beneficial in many ways for the stakeholders. It has its own limitations which need to be explored and understood and addressed appropriately.

FORMATION OF CRITERIA OF DESIGN AND SYSTEM MANAGEMENT OF EMERGENCY SITUATION OF MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL CHARACTER

Olga Prokopenko, Nataliia Sytnyk, Roman Shevchenko FORMATION OF CRITERIA OF DESIGN AND SYSTEM MANAGEMENT OF EMERGENCY SITUATION OF MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL CHARACTER The solution of the problem of increasing the efficiency of application of the mathematical apparatus of resource-critical management of measures of prevention of emergencies of medical-biological character in the conditions of constantly changing information load on anti-crisis management bodies is considered. In the framework of this task, the current state of the issue on the formation of the mathematical apparatus of methods of counteracting emergencies of medical and biological nature is analyzed, taking into account the specifics of the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic. The main parameters of modeling the process of choosing a management strategy for the prevention of medical and biological emergency within the project-system management, which allowed to determine the criteria for project-system management of medical and biological emergency in a constantly changing information load on crisis management. The scheme of organizational structure of the module of management of system of resource-critical management of process of the prevention of an emergency situation of medico-biological character within the limits of interaction of links of the center of crisis management is developed; The obtained results allow, using innovative organizational and technical methods of prevention of emergencies of this nature, to further form a modern method of counteracting emergencies of medical and biological nature, supplementing the above methods with an effective system of crisis management. The proposed author's approach to system-project management of the process of formation and processing of information messages in emergencies of medical and biological nature causes, first, the creation of a fundamentally new scheme of branching and relationships within individual crisis management centers at all levels of subordination and prevention system emergencies in general; secondly, the introduction into the functional field of the system of emergency prevention of medical and biological nature of the module of resource-crisis management of information message, as an element of system-project management, requires a radical revision of approaches to training specialists (managers) in the relevant field. skills and knowledge in the organization and management of complex cyclical information and communication projects Key words: emergency situation, mathematical model, medical and biological danger, anti-crisis management.