scholarly journals Incorporating Intelligence for Overtaking Moving Threatening Obstacles

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4A) ◽  
pp. 598-606
Author(s):  
Mohammed Shuaib ◽  
Zarita Zainuddin
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Correct Prediction ◽  
Essential Factor ◽  
Crowd Management ◽  
Safety Studies ◽  
Exit Choice ◽  
Intelligent Approach ◽  
Fire Spreading

Crowd management and fire safety studies indicate that the correct prediction of the threat caused by fire is crucial behavior which could lead to survival. Incorporating intelligence into exit choice models for accomplishing evacuation simulations involving such behavior is essential. Escaping from moving source of panic such as fire is of tremendous frightening event while evacuation situation. Predicting the dynamic of fire spreading and the exit clogging are intelligent aspects which help the individuals follow the correct behaviors for their evacuation. This article proposes an intelligent approach to accomplishing typical evacuations. The agents are provided with the ability to find optimal routes that enable them overcome spreading fire. Fire and safe floor fields are proposed to provide the agents with the capability of determining intermediate points to compose optimal routes toward the effective chosen exit. The instinct human behavior of being far from the fire to protect himself from sudden unexpected attack is introduced as essential factor risen in emergency situation. Simulations are conducted in order to examine the simulated evacuees’ behavior regarding overtaking the fire and to test the efficiency of making smart and effective decisions during emergency evacuation scenarios

scholarly journals AGENT-BASED CROWD SIMULATION CONSIDERING EMOTION CONTAGION FOR EMERGENCY EVACUATION PROBLEM

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-1-W5 ◽  
pp. 193-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Faroqi ◽  
M.-S. Mesgari
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Multi Agent Systems ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Emergency Evacuations ◽  
R Language ◽  
Simulated Model ◽  
Agent Simulation ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Multi Agent

During emergencies, emotions greatly affect human behaviour. For more realistic multi-agent systems in simulations of emergency evacuations, it is important to incorporate emotions and their effects on the agents. In few words, emotional contagion is a process in which a person or group influences the emotions or behavior of another person or group through the conscious or unconscious induction of emotion states and behavioral attitudes. In this study, we simulate an emergency situation in an open square area with three exits considering Adults and Children agents with different behavior. Also, Security agents are considered in order to guide Adults and Children for finding the exits and be calm. Six levels of emotion levels are considered for each agent in different scenarios and situations. The agent-based simulated model initialize with the random scattering of agent populations and then when an alarm occurs, each agent react to the situation based on its and neighbors current circumstances. The main goal of each agent is firstly to find the exit, and then help other agents to find their ways. Numbers of exited agents along with their emotion levels and damaged agents are compared in different scenarios with different initialization in order to evaluate the achieved results of the simulated model. NetLogo 5.2 is used as the multi-agent simulation framework with R language as the developing language.

Optimize the Transit Vehicle Routing for the Emergency Evacuation

2011 ◽  
Vol 201-203 ◽  
pp. 1075-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
De Ai Chen ◽  
Wang Tu Xu ◽  
Wei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Vehicle Routing ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Intelligent Algorithm ◽  
Routing Problem ◽  
Evacuation Strategy ◽  
Transit Route ◽  
Evacuation Plan ◽  
The Mathematical Model

This paper concentrates on modeling the vehicle routing to develop an evacuation plan for transit-dependent residents during emergency situation. Planning of transit route in the evacuation is formulated as a vehicle routing problem with time windows (VRPTW). An intelligent algorithm, in which genetic algorithm is embedded with simulated annealing is developed to solve the optimization model. A real evacuation network on which 19 pick-up points and 4 shelters are distributed is used to study the proposed evacuation strategy. The relevant results show the feasibility of the mathematical model as well as the efficiency of the solving algorithm.

scholarly journals Characterization of Collision Avoidance in Pedestrian Crowds

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Dawei Zhang ◽  
Haitao Zhu ◽  
Shi Qiu ◽  
Boyan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Crowd Management ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Lane Formation ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Pedestrian Crowd

The avoidance behavior of pedestrians was characterized in the present paper by simulating the movement of crowds in both unidirectional and bidirectional pedestrian flow. A phase change of alternative lane formation observed in real bidirectional pedestrian flows has been studied, where pedestrians tended to evade individuals in counterflow and simultaneously keep a certain distance from each other in the uniform pedestrian flow when the counterflow disappeared. What is more, the comparison between the effect of evading and pushing behavior on evacuation has been investigated in the room egress scenario. Additionally, the evading and overtaking behavior of fast pedestrians have also been simulated in heterogeneous crowds. The performance of the proposed model was compared to the experimental data and the results obtained using other evacuation models. Numerical results showed that both the phase change of alternative lane formation in bidirectional pedestrian flow and the effective evading behavior in unidirectional pedestrian flow were conductive to reduce the evacuation time of pedestrian crowds. Even though pushing behavior of fast pedestrians seemed to improve the flow through the wide exit, it might lead to the panic and other negative effect on the crowds, such as crowds trample. The proposed model in this paper could provide a theoretical basis for the pedestrian crowd management during emergency evacuation.

scholarly journals Adaptive Kinetic Architecture and Collective Behavior: A Dynamic Analysis for Emergency Evacuation

Buildings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Angella Johnson ◽  
Size Zheng ◽  
Aiichiro Nakano ◽  
Goetz Schierle ◽  
Joon-Ho Choi
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Collective Behavior ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Crowd Modeling ◽  
Geometric Configurations ◽  
Discrete Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Kinetic Architecture ◽  
Scientists And Engineers

Adaptive kinetic architecture has emerged from a need for innovative designs that adapt to the environment and changing needs of the occupants. Architectural design and modes of egress are critical in an emergency. Flocking describes a certain collective behavior where agents are brought together in groups and move as a cohesive unit from place to place. Collective behavior may be observed in microscopic as well as macroscopic environments. Crowd modeling incorporates the study of human behavior, mathematical modeling, and molecular or fluid dynamics. The simulation of agents and their movement in the built environment is beneficial for design professionals, scientists, and engineers. Human behavior in panic situations is notably similar to fluids and molecules. The objective of this research was to evaluate the movement of agents in buildings using discrete dynamic simulation. We used a novel discrete molecular dynamics technique to simulate the evacuation of agents in panic situations. Various adaptive geometric configurations were analyzed for improved crowd flow. Kinetic walls were modeled in order to evaluate design optimization as it relates to rates of egression. This research proposes the use of kinetic walls to improve safety and efficiency during an emergency evacuation. Adaptive geometric configurations show improvements over the conventional design framework.

Mega Events and Crowd Evacuation at Tourist Attractions: A Case Study of Souq Waqif using Pedestride® Crowd Simulation Tool

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Abdelaal ◽  
Charitha Dias ◽  
Majid Sarvi ◽  
Wael Alhajyaseen ◽  
Faris Tarlochan
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Crowd Simulation ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Simulation Tool ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Crowd Dynamics ◽  
Crowd Management ◽  
Crowd Density ◽  
Evacuation Drills

Evacuating individuals at large gathering places can be achieved safely and efficiently through the detailed understanding of crowd dynamics within a certain location. Souq Waqif is a major tourist attraction in Qatar that is expected to see a sever increase in the number of visitors throughout the FIFA World Cup 2022 period. Due to the complexity of running evacuation drills in public areas, crowd simulation software are commonly used to assess crowd management and control strategies at such locations. The present study is aimed at gauging crowd dynamics in Souq Waqif during both normal and emergency evacuation using Pedestride® Crowd Simulation tool. The tool has been developed at Melbourne University, and was validated and calibrated using empirical data collected through real-world observations as well as controlled experiments. The study demonstrated that at increased demands and during emergency evacuation, crowds are likely to take similar routes what leads to a much higher flows towards certain exits. Moreover, the results showed that increasing visitors demands could raise the maximum crowd density to unsafe level of 6 person per square meter at specific gates and junctions. In order to mitigate unfavorable situations such as stampeding in the course of an emergency, dynamic exit signs are proposed to direct crowds to nearest and least occupied exits.

Animals' rescue as an essential essential factor of success of an evacuation process in disasters

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Pasławski ◽  
Dorota Zyśko ◽  
Urszula Pasławska
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
International Terrorism ◽  
Essential Factor ◽  
Veterinary Services

Factors that complicate the evacuation process include the presence of children, elders and animals – especially when there are many animals of different species. Owners often refuse to evacuate if their animals cannot be transported with them. This is becoming a growing problem, given that many people own animals, e.g. 50% of Americans own pets. In Poland, in the case of incidents or disaster, the evacuation operation is managed by the first-arriving emergency services or provincial crisis management centres. The obligation concern exclusively humans, but no animals. In the case of disasters, the state veterinary services are not obliged to protect the animals on site unless they pose a threat to human health. These services focus on food safety, preventing transmission of infectious diseases and attending to sick animals. However, it seems that veterinary services should be more involved in the planning and implementation of the emergency evacuation process. Help from veterinarians can increase the efficiency of the evacuation process and the number of people and animals evacuated. In recent years, this issue has become increasingly important because societies are threatened not only by natural disasters, but also by international terrorism.

scholarly journals Organizational factors in management of “Mega Cruise Ships” from Crowd Management Control aspect

Pomorstvo ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damir Vukonić ◽  
Toni Bielić ◽  
Andrea Russo
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Skills ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Crowd Management ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Effective Leaders ◽  
Cruise Ships ◽  
Safety Awareness ◽  
Quality Response

Due to the size and number of people on board, management of Mega Cruise ships is complex task, especially when managing response during emergency situations. Any emergency situation that occur on cruise ships, as a consequence will have reaction from passengers. Crowd Management Control is a process to manage this reaction. Objective of this work is to explain that management of emergency situations will be successful, if following organizational factors are accomplished: ship’s crew is well trained, efficient communication is established, officer’s leadership skills are developed, crew members are efficiently organized to work in teams and “Culture of Safety” is accepted by all crew members on board. Effective leaders on board cruise ships will create safety awareness of the crew members that will ensure quality response during emergency situation, which will avoid or reduce number of casualties in such situations. Above mentioned organizational factors could be used in daily operations of cruise ships, as well.

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