Personal identification. Borders and law enforcement application profiles for mobile biometric identification systems

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Biometric Identification

ALGORITHMS FOR FINGERPRINT CLASSIFICATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 335 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
D. Lebedev ◽  
A. Abzhalilova
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Gabor Filter ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
External Object ◽  
Biometric Identification ◽  
Fingerprint Classification ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Currently, biometric methods of personality are becoming more and more relevant recognition technology. The advantage of biometric identification systems, in comparison with traditional approaches, lies in the fact that not an external object belonging to a person is identified, but the person himself. The most widespread technology of personal identification by fingerprints, which is based on the uniqueness for each person of the pattern of papillary patterns. In recent years, many algorithms and models have appeared to improve the accuracy of the recognition system. The modern algorithms (methods) for the classification of fingerprints are analyzed. Algorithms for the classification of fingerprint images by the types of fingerprints based on the Gabor filter, wavelet - Haar, Daubechies transforms and multilayer neural network are proposed. Numerical and results of the proposed experiments of algorithms are carried out. It is shown that the use of an algorithm based on the combined application of the Gabor filter, a five-level wavelet-Daubechies transform and a multilayer neural network makes it possible to effectively classify fingerprints.

Cybercrime: Thieves, Swindlers, Bandits, and Privateers in Cyberspace

2021 ◽  
pp. 88-108
Author(s):  
Roderic Broadhurst
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Credit Cards ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Identity Theft ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cross National

This chapter describes the definitions and scope of cybercrime including an outline of the history of hackers and the role of criminal networks and markets in the dissemination of malicious software and other contraband such as illicit drugs, stolen credit cards and personal identification, firearms, and criminal services. Different cybercrime types and methods are described, including the widespread use of ‘social engineering’ or deception in computer misuse and identity theft. The challenges facing law enforcement in the suppression of cybercrime and the important role of private and public partnerships, as well as cross-national cooperation in the suppression of cybercrime is illustrated.

Design Considerations in the Proliferation of Police Body-Worn Cameras

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Joel Suss ◽  
Alexis Raushel ◽  
Adam Armijo ◽  
Brian White
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Automatic Detection ◽  
Biometric Identification ◽  
Police Departments ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Concealed Weapons

More and more police departments are equipping their officers with body-worn cameras. To maximize the utility of body cams, designers have considered issues such as camera-mounting position, camera-mount stability, methods of activation, and data transfer methods. The human factors/ergonomics community can make important contributions to the design of body-worn cameras and identify and address issues that could arise from the introduction of new technologies (e.g., biometric identification and automatic detection of concealed weapons). Engaging with this ever-expanding technology will benefit law enforcement agencies and the communities they serve and protect.

scholarly journals Age Estimation and Gender Classification based on Face detection and feature extraction

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
Sasikumar Gurumurthy
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Face Detection ◽  
Age Estimation ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Face Verification ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Reference Images ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Gender

Nowadays the computer systems created a various types of automated applications in personal identification like biometrics, face recognition techniques. Face verification has turn into an area of dynamic research and the applications are important in law enforcement because it can be done without involving the subject. Still, the influence of age estimation on face verification become a challenge to decide the similarity of pair images from individual faces considering very limited of data base availability. We focus on the development of image processing and face detection on face verification system by improving the quality of image quality. The main objective of the system is to compare the image with the reference images stored as templates in the database and to determine the age and gender.

scholarly journals Cyber Forensic Review of Human Footprint and Gait-based System for Personal Identification in Crime Scene Investigation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kapil Kumar Nagwanshi
Keyword(s):  
Birth Certificate ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Biometric Identification ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Special Interests ◽  
Human Footprint ◽  
Holy Places ◽  
Scene Investigation ◽  
Soft Target

Human footprint is having a unique set of ridges unmatched by any other human being, and therefore it can be used in different identity documents for example birth certificate, Indian biometric identification system AADHAR card, driving license, PAN card, and passport. There are many instances of the crime scene where an accused must walk around and left the footwear impressions as well as barefoot prints and therefore it is very crucial to recovering the footprints to identify the criminals. Footprint-based biometric is a considerably newer technique for personal identification. Fingerprints, retina, iris and face recognition are the methods most useful for attendance record of the person. This time world is facing the problem of global terrorism. It is challenging to identify the terrorist because they are living as regular as the citizens do. Their soft target includes the industries of special interests such as defense, silicon and nanotechnology chip manufacturing units, pharmacy sectors. They pretend themselves as religious persons, so temples and other holy places, even in markets is in their targets. These are the places where one can obtain their footprints easily. The gait itself is sufficient to predict the behaviour of the suspects. The present research is driven to identify the usefulness of footprint and gait as an alternative to personal identification.

scholarly journals Matching of Iris Pattern using Image Processing

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S11) ◽  
pp. 21-23
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biometric Identification ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Iris Pattern Recognition

Personal identification is very vital in this digital era for simpler mobile phone unlocking to criminal identification in the scene of crime. There are various methods of personal identification ranging from non-invasive methods of presence of moles in the visible parts of the body to the invasive DNA karyotyping. Other in the spectrum being fingerprinting, lip print, foot print, tongue print, palate print etc. As age advances there might be slight variations in finger print, ear biometric etc, where as in iris the amount of pigmentation might vary but the pattern remains almost same from birth to death, unless otherwise there is any injury to the iris which is very remote. Iris pattern recognition is a non-invasive method of biometric identification. Iris architecture is not only complex but also unique to an individual. In this article a methodology is been proposed to match iris pattern.

scholarly journals Automatic Extraction of Two Regions of Creases from Palmprint Images for Biometric Identification

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roszaharah Yaacob ◽  
Chok Dong Ooi ◽  
Haidi Ibrahim ◽  
Nik Fakhuruddin Nik Hassan ◽  
Puwira Jaya Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Salient Feature ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Biometric Identification ◽  
Automatic Extraction ◽  
Morphological Operations ◽  
Average Sensitivity ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Palmprint has become one of the biometric modalities that can be used for personal identification. This modality contains critical identification features such as minutiae, ridges, wrinkles, and creases. In this research, feature from creases will be our focus. Feature from creases is a special salient feature of palmprint. It is worth noting that currently, the creases-based identification is still not common. In this research, we proposed a method to extract crease features from two regions. The first region of interest (ROI) is in the hypothenar region, whereas another ROI is in the interdigital region. To speed up the extraction, most of the processes involved are based on the processing of the image that has been a downsampled image by using a factor of 10. The method involved segmentations through thresholding, morphological operations, and the usage of the Hough line transform. Based on 101 palmprint input images, experimental results show that the proposed method successfully extracts the ROIs from both regions. The method has achieved an average sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 0.8159, 0.9975, and 0.9951, respectively.

scholarly journals ‘New normality’ of the covid-19 era: Opportunities, limitations, risks

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-782
Author(s):  
E. N. Gnatik
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
New Information ◽  
Ruling Elites ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Short Time

The article considers some key aspects of the current transformation of social reality. The author argues that the announcement of the pandemic determined an unprecedented situation: humanity faces a completely different concept of reality. In particular, the breakthrough in the development of NBIC technologies (nano, bio, new information and cognitive technologies) contributes to the strengthening of the paradigm that absolutizes the technocratic component of civilizational development. Under the general depression and decline in economic activity, there is an explosive growth in the field of bioengineering, information and cognitive research. The new normality of the coronavirus era, associated with the unprecedented development of artificial intelligence systems, video surveillance technologies, geolocation and big data, in an unusually short time has created new existential and legal problems. The proclaimed threat to public health, being a significant goal-setting, has become a dominant justification for the introduction of serious innovations that allow the ruling elites to block civil rights, in particular, to legalize the use of tracking systems. Under the fight against the pandemic, the personal identification systems based on advanced technologies are being transformed from a security tool of law enforcement agencies into a tool of mass social engineering. Russia has come close to a new stage of digital transformation - a state-wide credential management system (the Unified Federal Information Register). Considering the experience of China in digital segregation, concerns arise: will digitalization turn into something dangerous as the algorithms of artificial intelligence improve, the use of biometric surveillance broaden, etc.? The article emphasizes that scanning the appearance and collecting information about citizens allows to create a gigantic array of data, the use of which can have unpredictable consequences, and the problem of their unauthorized use is not the main one. The power of algorithms, which allows to manipulate a person by means of continuously collected information about him, can turn into a new, sophisticated form of genocide.

scholarly journals ALGORITHMS FOR FINGERPRINT CLASSIFICATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 335 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
D. Lebedev ◽  
A. Abzhalilova
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Gabor Filter ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
External Object ◽  
Biometric Identification ◽  
Fingerprint Classification ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Currently, biometric methods of personality are becoming more and more relevant recognition technology. The advantage of biometric identification systems, in comparison with traditional approaches, lies in the fact that not an external object belonging to a person is identified, but the person himself. The most widespread technology of personal identification by fingerprints, which is based on the uniqueness for each person of the pattern of papillary patterns. In recent years, many algorithms and models have appeared to improve the accuracy of the recognition system. The modern algorithms (methods) for the classification of fingerprints are analyzed. Algorithms for the classification of fingerprint images by the types of fingerprints based on the Gabor filter, wavelet - Haar, Daubechies transforms and multilayer neural network are proposed. Numerical and results of the proposed experiments of algorithms are carried out. It is shown that the use of an algorithm based on the combined application of the Gabor filter, a five-level wavelet-Daubechies transform and a multilayer neural network makes it possible to effectively classify fingerprints.

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