Investigating Agricultural Production and Land Productivity [Methodology and Opportunities using English Farm Records]

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-245
Author(s):  
Bethanie Afton
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Land Productivity

scholarly journals MODELING THE EFFECTS OF LAND USE TRANSFORMATION USING ECOSYSTEM SERVICE ASSESSMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 173-186
Author(s):  
Anton Ev. Nazarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Land Productivity ◽  
The West ◽  
Fallow Lands ◽  
Land Use Transformation ◽  
Effects Of Land Use

The study analyzes the possibilities of using cost estimates of ecosystem services to assess the effects of transformations in land use. The consequences of transformations were assessed by comparing the value of basic ecosystem services for different patterns of the land use structure, taking into account the fact that the volume of ecosystem services provided is limited by the ecosystem sustainability limits. To estimate ecosystem services, the methodology developed by the author was used. It is based on the indicators of agricultural land productivity and their value terms. The assessment was carried out for the Zarinsky district of Altai Krai, located at the junction of the West Siberian and Altai-Sayan physicogeographical countries. The study has revealed that the greatest value of basic ecosystem services in the region with agricultural specialization can be achieved by optimizing the agricultural load – reducing the share of arable land and increasing the share of forage land in the total area. It is proposed to implement this by involving plots of fallow lands in circulation: some of the plots are proposed to be used for reforestation, while others – for haying and grazing. This will balance the need to maximize agricultural production, while not reducing the sustainability of the ecosystems.

scholarly journals Herbage Yield, Lamb Growth and Foraging Behavior in Agrivoltaic Production System

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa C. Andrew ◽  
Chad W. Higgins ◽  
Mary A. Smallman ◽  
Maggie Graham ◽  
Serkan Ates
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Land Productivity ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Lamb Growth

Agrivoltaic systems are designed to mutually benefit solar energy and agricultural production in the same location for dual-use of land. This study was conducted to compare lamb growth and pasture production from solar pastures in agrivoltaic systems and traditional open pastures over 2 years in Oregon. Weaned Polypay lambs grew at 120 and 119 g head−1 d−1 in solar and open pastures, respectively in spring 2019 (P = 0.90). The liveweight production between solar (1.5 kg ha−1 d−1) and open pastures (1.3 kg ha−1 d−1) were comparable (P = 0.67). Similarly, lamb liveweight gains and liveweight productions were comparable in both solar (89 g head−1 d−1; 4.6 kg ha−1 d−1) and open (92 g head−1 d−1; 5.0 kg ha−1 d−1) pastures (all P > 0.05) in 2020. The daily water consumption of the lambs in spring 2019 were similar during early spring, but lambs in open pastures consumed 0.72 L head−1 d−1 more water than those grazed under solar panels in the late spring period (P < 0.01). No difference was observed in water intake of the lambs in spring 2020 (P = 0.42). Over the entire period, solar pastures produced 38% lower herbage than open pastures due to low pasture density in fully shaded areas under solar panels. The results from our grazing study indicated that lower herbage mass available in solar pastures was offset by higher forage quality, resulting in similar spring lamb production to open pastures. Our findings also suggest that the land productivity could be greatly increased through combining sheep grazing and solar energy production on the same land in agrivoltaics systems.

scholarly journals On the mapping of especially valuable agricultural lands

2020 ◽  
pp. 143-163
Author(s):  
I. Yu. Savin ◽  
A. P. Psareva
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Land Productivity ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Gis Modeling ◽  
Agricultural Plant ◽  
Direct Use

Delineation of especially valuable agricultural lands (EVAL) is currently an important task, which will make it possible to preserve agricultural land for its direct use. There are currently no uniform approaches for delineation of EVAL, or they need to be upgraded. We have proposed a new approach based on GIS modeling and simulation of agricultural plant growth. It is proposed to delineate EVAL for each municipal district taking into account its existing specialization in agricultural production. The allocation of EVAL should be based on the assessment of potential productivity of soils and lands for cultivation of the main crops in the district. EVAL should also include pilot fields and areas used for scientific and educational purposes, regardless of potential soil productivity. The proposed approach has been successfully tested on the example of Yasnogorsk district of Tula region. It is shown that the EVAL map, based on the proposed approach, is more related to the actual land productivity and does not depend on the current land use within the area. It is possible to build an EVAL map for the whole country only by building such maps separately for all municipal districts of Russia.

scholarly journals A Key Input for Reducing of Mechanization Cost in Smallholdings: Mini Tractor Drawn Multi Task Toolbar

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
C. Ramana ◽  
N. Rakesh
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Fuel Saving ◽  
Land Productivity ◽  
Agricultural Production System ◽  
Primary Tillage ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Small Holder

The present study aims to determine the key input for reducing of mechanization cost in smallholdings: Mini tractor-drawn multi task toolbar. Farm power and mechanization are essential inputs agricultural production system and will raise the labour and land productivity. Inadequate equipment and practices can damage severely natural resources. A focus on only one aspect, primary tillage (or) seeding (or) tilling (or) spraying results in low utilization rate which is not profitable to small holder farmer. Hence the attempt was made and developed "multi-task tool frame" that can house all the components required for a variety of operations such as seeding, fertilizing, weeding, tilling, spraying and transportation thereby reducing investment, operating cost, time and fuel for operation. The use of multi-task tool frame could reduce the cost of sowing and fertilizer application reduced from Rs. 3800/- to Rs. 1674/- per ha through developed machine planting. Moreover, the man hour requirement came down from 152 hour to 3 hours. Combining the spraying and weeding operation found to be good in 1st speed ie 1.8 kmph over the 2nd speed 3.2 kmph. However, the cost of reduction was 71 percent in machine operation when compared to manuel weeding & spraying and 44 percent over independent machine (spraying weeding) operation, moreover and saving in man-days about 48 man days per hectare. Fuel-saving of 8.15 Lha-1 which amounts to 47.8% due to combining the two operations like tilling and spraying compared to independent operations.

History and geography of land productivity to assess the challenges for food security

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Tuninetti ◽  
Luca Ridolfi ◽  
Francesco Laio
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Specific Yield ◽  
Land Productivity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Production Increase

<p>Increasing population and changing diets toward larger proportion of meat products have driven agricultural production increase over the past decades and will probably push it in the upcoming years. The analysis of the agricultural production increase is at the centre of the international debate since the 1800-century Malthusian prediction of exponentially growing population outstripping linearly increasing production.</p><p>In this study, we show how agriculture has changed over the past decades through the concept of a newly developed land productivity (LP) indicator, which measures the amount of calories, proteins, and fats produced per hectare of land and merges the variegate macronutrients spectrum of a 140-crops production basket. Land productivity indicator adds to the more widespread (crop specific) yield indicator the nutrient content of each product.</p><p>We find that the global LP has increased by 2.6-2.9% per year over 1961-2016 for calorie and protein, and 3.7% for fat. This confirms an important boost of the global productive regime whose growing rate has been able to overcome that of population. Humans can rely on larger amounts of calories (+1640 kcal/cap/day), proteins (+69 g/cap/day), and fats (+55 g/cap/day) supply. In this global picture, different macro-regions exhibit relevant heterogeneities. In particular, we found that Eastern Asian and Latin American countries could escape the Malthusian trap around the Nineties through both LP increase and ad hoc variation in the composition of their basket of products. However, this transition seems far to happen in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, where the daily productive regime has remained stable since the Sixties, despite the variation of the basket composition.</p>

scholarly journals Evolution of the Materials and Methods Used for Subsurface Drainage of Agricultural Lands from Antiquity to the Present

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stavros I. Yannopoulos ◽  
Mark E. Grismer ◽  
Khaled M. Bali ◽  
Andreas N. Angelakis
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Agricultural Drainage ◽  
Land Productivity ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Poorly Drained Soils ◽  
Over Time

Agricultural drainage plays an important role worldwide in food production and conservation of soil resources, while safeguarding investments in agricultural production and irrigation projects. It can improve crop yields and land productivity, especially on poorly drained soils and in cases of prolonged waterlogging. Both the subsurface drainage materials and the installation techniques used have a long history dating to prehistoric times. Over time, new subsurface drainage materials, installation techniques and modernized equipment were being developed continuously to take advantage of technological advances provided through research and development, while the planning and organization of the implementation process were improved. Today’s new materials and improved installation methods can offer solutions to problems still unsolved, while sometimes creating new ones. This paper considers the evolution of basic subsurface drainage materials and their installation techniques as they developed and adapted over time as well as possible future trends in drainage system design and application.

scholarly journals Regional Uneven Development of Agriculture in the World Economy at the Beginning of the XXI Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 114-129
Author(s):  
I. V. Deryugina
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Uneven Development ◽  
Land Productivity ◽  
Capital Productivity ◽  
Livestock Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
Production Labor ◽  
Capital Return

The paper is devoted to one of the most acute problems in the world economy - regional uneven development of agriculture. The author determined the system of indicators that describe the uneven distribution of agricultural production between different regions of the world, studied the factors of efficiency of agricultural production - labor productivity, land productivity, capital productivity (capital return). The article demonstrates further consolidation of the trend of the second half of the XX century that manifested in the redistribution of agricultural production from North America and Europe to Asia, Africa, and Australia. The GDP created in agriculture in Asia already exceeded other regions of the world in 2000, and by 2017 the gap was even wider. Africa, having surpassed Europe in this indicator, ranked second in the world. The unevenness of economic growth in world agriculture manifested itself in the disproportions between the factors of efficiency of agricultural production - labor productivity and land productivity. Labor productivity was lowest in Asia and Africa, and the highest in Australia. Land productivity was characterized by diametrically opposite dynamics: the highest values were achieved in Asia, and the lowest - in Australia. The paper explains the disparity between labor productivity and land productivity by various technological modes of production (TMP) that have historically developed in agriculture in the East and West: land-saving TMP - in the East, and labor-saving TMP - in the West. The influence of informal institutions operating in traditional rural societies on the uneven development of agriculture is also studied. The disproportions in the development of the livestock sector of agricultural production, affecting the regional uneven development of the agricultural economy, are considered. The main forms and methods of organization of the livestock sector - from high-intensity to traditional - are analyzed. Special attention is paid to nomadic cattle breeding, which is currently preserved in various forms in 50 countries of the world. It is considered as a special nomad production mode. The article concludes that there is a need for a multipronged approach to conducting an international comparative analysis of capital productivity (index of capital return) in the agricultural sector of the economy that takes into account capital-labor ration a large-scale increase in labor productivity - a strategically important factor of economic growth in any country in the world.

METHODS OF CONSULTING ON STUDYING THE DEGREE OF MOISTURE SUPPLY OF SLOPE LANDS FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN AZERBAIJAN

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prof.RAE Aliev Z.H.
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Soil Ecology ◽  
Arable Soil ◽  
Clean Technology ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Current Information ◽  
Moisture Supply ◽  
Managerial System

The current information on moisture and the temperature of the ground in managerial system by production to agricultural product necessary, in the first place, for taking the operative decisions at development ecological clean technology irrigation under growing agricultural cultures to achieve the maximum harvest. Key words: aerospace methods, COW, moisture, moisture test, arable, soil, ecology, vafer humidity, drill, graduation, tool, etc.

Russian Policy of Agriculture Support and the Necessity of Its Modification after WTO Accession

2012 ◽  
pp. 132-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Uzun
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
World Trade Organization ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
World Trade ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Wto Accession ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Agriculture Support

The article deals with the features of the Russian policy of agriculture support in comparison with the EU and the US policies. Comparative analysis is held considering the scales and levels of collective agriculture support, sources of supporting means, levels and mechanisms of support of agricultural production manufacturers, its consumers, agrarian infrastructure establishments, manufacturers and consumers of each of the principal types of agriculture production. The author makes an attempt to estimate the consequences of Russia’s accession to the World Trade Organization based on a hypothesis that this will result in unification of the manufacturers and consumers’ protection levels in Russia with the countries that have long been WTO members.

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