Some Issues of Detection and Investigation of Traces of Crimes

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Nikolai Karepanov
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Material Objects ◽  
Sign Systems ◽  
Payment Cards ◽  
Physical Objects ◽  
Human Hands

The author argues that traces include surrounding reality objects (physical objects and fields), altered by phenomena or events that occurred as a result of movement, processes and actions. The identification and investigation of traces of the investigated events is most often carried out at the places of their occurrence, separately studied and analyzed after their seizure in specially adapted and appropriately equipped conditions. The methods of traces detection are very diverse and are being constantly improved, so it is difficult even to classify them. Still, it is possible to distinguish some methodologies proposed in theory and practice. The author considers some methods of identifying traces when searching for living persons and corpses, identifying corpses; identifying and fixing traces of human hands; identifying traces on payment cards; identifying electronic traces, identifying traces of removing embossed images; identifying traces using the latest achievements of science and technology; identifying traces and constructing sign systems in description of material objects. The necessity of introduction of a standard of detecting and investigating the traces of crimes is also discussed, and a system of actions that should be included into this standard is proposed.

On Urban Transportation Planning in an Information Society

2014 ◽  
Vol 587-589 ◽  
pp. 1822-1825
Author(s):  
Wei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Transportation Planning ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Urban Transportation ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Planning Theory ◽  
New Era

Nowadays, with developments of science and technology, our society has entered into the new era of information society where many things have changed deep. From the point of urban transportation planning theory and practice, this paper analyzed the definition and characteristics of the information society, discussed in detail the relevant problems and key implications to urban transportation planning in an information society.

The Place of Musica in Medieval Classifications of Knowledge

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSEPH DYER
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Balance Theory ◽  
Material Objects ◽  
Philosophical Investigation ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Musical Sound ◽  
Isidore Of Seville ◽  
Physical Phenomena

ABSTRACT Medieval classifications of knowledge (divisiones scientiarum) were created to impose order on the ever-expanding breadth of human knowledge and to demonstrate the interconnectedness of its several parts. In the earlier Middle Ages the trivium and the quadrivium had sufficed to circumscribe the bounds of secular learning, but the eventual availability of the entire Aristotelian corpus stimulated a reevaluation of the scope of human knowledge. Classifications emanating from the School of Chartres (the Didascalicon of Hugh of St. Victor and the anonymous Tractatus quidam) did not venture far beyond Boethius, Cassiodorus, and Isidore of Seville. Dominic Gundissalinus (fl. 1144––64), a Spaniard who based parts of his elaborate analysis of music on Al-Fāārāābīī, attempted to balance theory and practice, in contradistinction to the earlier mathematical emphasis. Aristotle had rejected musica mundana, and his natural science left little room for a musica humana based on numerical proportion. Consequently, both had to be reinterpreted. Robert Kilwardby's De ortu scientiarum (ca. 1250) sought to integrate the traditional Boethian treatment of musica with an Aristotelian perspective. Responding to the empirical emphasis of Aristotle's philosophy, Kilwardby focused on music as audible phenomenon as opposed to Platonic ““sounding number.”” Medieval philosophers were reluctant to assign (audible) music to natural science or to place it among the scientie mechanice. One solution argued that music, though a separate subiectum suitable for philosophical investigation, was subalternated to arithmetic. Although drawing its explanations from that discipline, it nevertheless had its own set of ““rules”” governing its proper activity. Thomas Aquinas proposed to resolve the conflict between the physicality of musical sound and abstract mathematics through the theory of scientie medie. These stood halfway between speculative and natural science, taking their material objects from physical phenomena but their formal object from mathematics. Still, Thomas defended the superiority of the speculative tradition by asserting that scientie medie ““have a closer affinity to mathematics”” (magis sunt affines mathematicis) than to natural science.

scholarly journals Dis/Abling Practices: Rethinking Disability

Human Affairs ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Schillmeier
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Disability Studies ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Material Objects ◽  
Technology Studies ◽  
Multiple Processes

Dis/Abling Practices: Rethinking DisabilityThe paper discusses how ordinary acts of everyday life make up the complex and contingent scenarios of disabilities that create enabling and disabling (dis/abling) practices. Drawing on qualitative empirical data the societal visibility and relevance of dis/abling practices are analyzed by connecting disability studies and sociological ideas with insights from Science and Technology Studies (STS). The essay explores how (visual) dis/ability is the outcome of human and non-human configurations and suggests that dis/ability can be understood neither as an individual bodily impairment nor as a socially attributed disability. Rather, dis/ability refers to complex sets of heterogeneous practices that (re-)associate bodies, material objects, and technologies with sensory practices. These practices, the paper concludes, draw attention to the multiple processes that (re-) concatenate the conduct of human affairs.

A Defence of Direct Surface Realism

Philosophy ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 57 (221) ◽  
pp. 339-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roderick Millar
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Material Objects ◽  
Sense Data ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The World ◽  
Physical Objects ◽  
Representative Realism ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

It is commonly believed that there are, in the world, large numbers of objects which occupy three-dimensional space. It is also commonly believed that at least a large part of people's experience is of the surfaces of these material objects. Nevertheless, arguments have been adduced in favour of the view that we are never aware of such surfaces but only of distinct items called ‘sense-data’. It has also been suggested that if we couple the view that experience is limited to sense-data with an empiricist thesis to the effect that knowledge is limited by experience then we are forced to the conclusion that we cannot have any knowledge of material objects. There have been many attempts to reconcile the sense-data thesis with common beliefs about material objects. Among them have been representative realism and phenomenalism. However, a view which may have found favour recently is the Quinean one that ‘the myth of physical objects is epistemologically superior to most in that it has proved more efficacious than other myths as a device for working a manageable structure into the flux of experience’.1

scholarly journals Engaging Theatre, Activating Publics: Theory and Practice of a Performance on Darwin

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Saul E. Halfon ◽  
Cora Olson ◽  
Ann Kilkelly ◽  
Jane L. Lehr
Keyword(s):  
Public Engagement ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Narrative Structure ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Educational Models ◽  
Unique System ◽  
Cultural Spaces ◽  
A Performance

The Theatre Workshop in Science, Technology and Society (TWISTS) is a unique public engagement project. Theoretically, TWISTS seeks to activate publics around contemporary science and technology issues by producing agonistic cultural spaces in which participants are confronted with and engaged by multiple perspectives. It thus seeks to enact a model of Public Engagement with Science and Technology (PEST) that is oriented toward neither individualized educational models nor policy deliberation and consensus. Its engaged STS performance model instead merges expanded notions of expertise with challenges and techniques derived from critical performance theory, such as recentering participants, rethinking purpose and evaluation, and reworking narrative structure. Practically, TWISTS’ four existing performance cycles have been sites for both extending and challenging the theory. Using a unique system of expert interviews, writing, and theater games, these performances were collaboratively derived by a range of participants. The “Living Darwin” performance serves as a case study for exploring the tensions of this collaboration. Negotiating a set of different perspectives over the place of Darwin in contemporary life, and the proper way to represent him and his influence, was challenging, but proved productive in developing a performance that raised these issues for the audience within an agonistic space.

scholarly journals Cardiff sciSCREEN: A model for using film screenings to engage publics in university research

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Lewis ◽  
Susan Bisson ◽  
Katie Swaden Lewis ◽  
Luis Reyes-Galindo ◽  
Amy J. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Public Engagement ◽  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
University Research ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
Understanding Of Science

Cardiff sciSCREEN is a public engagement programme that brings together local experts and publics to discuss issues raised by contemporary cinema. Since 2010, Cardiff sciSCREEN (short for science on screen) has exhibited more than 50 films alongside short talks and discussions that draw on a range of disciplinary perspectives to explore the broad repertoire of themes found within different film genres. The aim of Cardiff sciSCREEN is to increase the local community's access to university research, while enabling university staff and students to engage a variety of publics with their work. In this paper, we first describe our method of public engagement, and then draw on data from a research survey we administered to sciSCREENers to discuss the relationship between the theory and practice of public engagement. Using research from public understanding of science (PUS), public engagement with science and technology (PEST), science and technology studies (STS) and film literacy, we discuss the ways in which our flexible characterization of science has made the programme inclusive, attracting a wide and varied audience. We consider the benefits of cross-disciplinary perspectives when communicating and engaging contemporary developments in science, where the term 'science' is taken to stand for the breadth of academic research and not merely the natural sciences, as well as discussing the importance of space in public engagement events.

The Beginning of the Universe and of Time

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Swinburne
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Field Theory ◽  
Material Objects ◽  
Causal Powers ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Physical Objects ◽  
Physical Cosmology ◽  
The Universe

What does it mean to say that the Universe had a beginning? There are different ways of spelling this out. I shall develop them, consider the logical relations between them, and support one as best capturing our intuitive understanding of this notion. I shall then draw a conclusion about whether Time could (it is logically possible) have a beginning. Finally I shall consider, on my preferred understanding of what it is for the Universe to have a beginning, what physical cosmology can show about whether it did in fact have a beginning.I understand by a Universe, a system of substances temporally connected to each other. I understand by a substance a thing with causal powers or liabilities, that is able to act or be acted upon. Substances will thus include both material objects and any other physical objects there may be such as chunks of energy or the fluctuating ‘vacuum’ of quantum field theory, and immaterial objects, if there are any, such as souls and ghosts. I understand by two substances being temporally connected that they exist for periods of time which are either earlier than, overlap with, or are later than each other.

A Challenge to Applied Archeology

1982 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-16
Author(s):  
Alice Portnoy
Keyword(s):  
Applied Anthropology ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
General Definition ◽  
Material Objects ◽  
Recent Contribution ◽  
Actual Material ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Applied Fields

It seems that those of us who think we are doing applied archeology can't agree on even a general definition of this field of activity. Leland Patterson, in his recent contribution to this column (Practicing Anthropology 3,1, 33-34), seems to base his definition on distinctions between "theory" and "Practice," and between dealing with ideas and with actual material objects. He presented his concept of the field as a contrast to one that he claims is held by many archeologists, i.e., that contract archeology is "applied" while other (mostly academic) archeology is not. I would like to offer still another concept, based on my understanding of other applied fields, especially applied anthropology.

scholarly journals Pembaharuan Pemikiran Islam dan Relevansinya bagi Pengembangan Pendidikan di Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Happy Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Educational Theory ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Empirical World ◽  
The World ◽  
The Times ◽  
Islamic Values ◽  
Historical Life

The issue of renewal will always be associated with the advancement of science and technology as well as the changing demands of the times. Modernization or renewal can be an attempt to improve the situation both in terms of ways, concepts, and a set of methods commonly applied in order to deliver better circumstances. In the context of renewal education is the absolute thing to be done because part of maintaining the existence of education itself. Islamic education is uniquely different from other types of educational theory and practice largely because of the all-encompassing influence of the Qur’an. The renewal of Islamic education is an attempt to actualize the great values of religion in the form of an empirical and historical life. Nurcholis Madjid and Kuntowijoyo are two great Islamic thinkers of Indonesia who seek to actualize Islamic values in everyday life. Although not specific in the world of education, but what is done in Islamic renewal can be used in renewal in education. The values of religion that are still normative and subjective must be transformed into theories that can be translated in the empirical world and become objective. This paper aims to explore the thinking of Islamic renewal of these two figures and find its relevance to the development of Islamic education.

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