Faculty Opinions recommendation of Pars planitis: a comparison of childhood onset and adult onset disease.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin disease characterized by barrier dysfunction and immune dysregulation that affects approximately 20% of children and 2-5% of adults worldwide. Traditionally, AD has been considered a disease of childhood with many cases resolving before adulthood. However, in recent years, the prevalence of adult AD is increasingly recognized to be substantial, but it is uncertain whether this increase is due to increased childhood-persistent or relapsed AD, or new adult-onset AD. This highlights a need for further investigation into the adult AD population and evaluation of phenotypes in the adult-onset cohort. In this literature review, we examine five studies focused on adult-onset AD phenotype, conducted between 2013 and 2017. The most commonly reported body regions affected in adult-onset AD were the hands, eyelids, neck, and flexural surfaces of the upper limbs. These vary from childhood-onset AD findings, which are less specific to body regions other than flexural areas. These findings have implications for diagnostic accuracy and treatment of AD, including considerations for therapeutic choices and inclusion and exclusion criteria in clinical trials.

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Childhood-onset scleroderma: Is it different from adult-onset disease?

Arthritis & Rheumatism ◽

10.1002/art.1780390624 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 39 (6) ◽

pp. 1041-1049 ◽

Cited By ~ 67

Author(s):

Rama Vancheeswaran ◽

Carol M. Black ◽

Joel David ◽

Nathan Hasson ◽

John Harper ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adult Onset ◽

Childhood Onset

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Human Papillomavirus in Various Lesions of the Head and Neck

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/019459988509300310 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 93 (3) ◽

pp. 342-346 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Melvin Strauss ◽

A. Bennett Jenson

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Adult Onset ◽

Childhood Onset ◽

Oncogenic Potential ◽

Suggestive Evidence ◽

Malignant Lesions ◽

Epithelial Lesions

The association of human papillomavirus with benign and malignant epithelial lesions of the head and neck has been studied by a peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique having immunospecificity against genus-specific structural antigens of the papillomaviruses. More than 360 specimen blocks from 144 patients were evaluated. There was evidence of human papillomavirus antigen in three out of eight patients with childhood-onset laryngeal papillomas (37.5%) and in four out of eight patients with adult-onset papillomas (50%). A patient with an unusual flat, wartlike lesion appearing as an oral cavity leukoplakia had detectable papillomavirus antigen in it. None of the 13 cases of inverting papilloma or any of the malignant lesions studied showed evidence for the presence of papillomavirus antigen. There is currently only suggestive evidence for the oncogenic potential of human papillomavirus in the head and neck.

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Insulin micro-secretion in Type 1 diabetes and related microRNA profiles

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-90856-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Andrzej S. Januszewski ◽

Yoon Hi Cho ◽

Mugdha V. Joglekar ◽

Ryan J. Farr ◽

Emma S. Scott ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Diabetes Duration ◽

Adult Onset ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Childhood Onset ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

C Peptide ◽

Adult Onset Diabetes

AbstractThe aim of this cross-sectional study was to compare plasma C-peptide presence and levels in people without diabetes (CON) and with Type 1 diabetes and relate C-peptide status to clinical factors. In a subset we evaluated 50 microRNAs (miRs) previously implicated in beta-cell death and associations with clinical status and C-peptide levels. Diabetes age of onset was stratified as adult (≥ 18 y.o) or childhood (< 18 y.o.), and diabetes duration was stratified as ≤ 10 years, 10–20 years and > 20 years. Plasma C-peptide was measured by ultrasensitive ELISA. Plasma miRs were quantified using TaqMan probe-primer mix on an OpenArray platform. C-peptide was detectable in 55.3% of (n = 349) people with diabetes, including 64.1% of adults and 34.0% of youth with diabetes, p < 0.0001 and in all (n = 253) participants without diabetes (CON). C-peptide levels, when detectable, were lower in the individuals with diabetes than in the CON group [median lower quartile (LQ)–upper quartile (UQ)] 5.0 (2.6–28.7) versus 650.9 (401.2–732.4) pmol/L respectively, p < 0.0001 and lower in childhood versus adult-onset diabetes [median (LQ–UQ) 4.2 (2.6–12.2) pmol/L vs. 8.0 (2.3–80.5) pmol/L, p = 0.02, respectively]. In the childhood-onset group more people with longer diabetes duration (> 20 years) had detectable C-peptide (60%) than in those with shorter diabetes duration (39%, p for trend < 0.05). Nine miRs significantly correlated with detectable C-peptide levels in people with diabetes and 16 miRs correlated with C-peptide levels in CON. Our cross-sectional study results are supportive of (a) greater beta-cell function loss in younger onset Type 1 diabetes; (b) persistent insulin secretion in adult-onset diabetes and possibly regenerative secretion in childhood-onset long diabetes duration; and (c) relationships of C-peptide levels with circulating miRs. Confirmatory clinical studies and related basic science studies are merited.

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Association of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) genetic susceptibility loci with lupus nephritis in childhood-onset and adult-onset SLE

Rheumatology ◽

10.1093/rheumatology/kez220 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 90-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Declan Webber ◽

Jingjing Cao ◽

Daniela Dominguez ◽

Dafna D Gladman ◽

Deborah M Levy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Logistic Models ◽

Risk Scores ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Adult Onset ◽

Susceptibility Loci ◽

Childhood Onset ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Independent Cohort

Abstract Objective LN is one of the most common and severe manifestations of SLE. Our aim was to test the association of SLE risk loci with LN risk in childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) and adult-onset SLE (aSLE). Methods Two Toronto-based tertiary care SLE cohorts included cSLE (diagnosed <18 years) and aSLE patients (diagnosed ⩾18 years). Patients met ACR and/or SLICC SLE criteria and were genotyped on the Illumina Multi-Ethnic Global Array or Omni1-Quad arrays. We identified those with and without biopsy-confirmed LN. HLA and non-HLA additive SLE risk-weighted genetic risk scores (GRSs) were tested for association with LN risk in logistic models, stratified by cSLE/aSLE and ancestry. Stratified effect estimates were meta-analysed. Results Of 1237 participants, 572 had cSLE (41% with LN) and 665 had aSLE (30% with LN). Increasing non-HLA GRS was significantly associated with increased LN risk [odds ratio (OR) = 1.26; 95% CI 1.09, 1.46; P = 0.0006], as was increasing HLA GRS in Europeans (OR = 1.55; 95% CI 1.07, 2.25; P = 0.03). There was a trend for stronger associations between both GRSs and LN risk in Europeans with cSLE compared with aSLE. When restricting cases to proliferative LN, the magnitude of these associations increased for both the non-HLA (OR = 1.30; 95% CI 1.10, 1.52; P = 0.002) and HLA GRS (OR = 1.99; 95% CI 1.29, 3.08; P = 0.002). Conclusion We observed an association between known SLE risk loci and LN risk in children and adults with SLE, with the strongest effect observed among Europeans with cSLE. Future studies will include SLE-risk single nucleotide polymorphisms specific to non-European ancestral groups and validate findings in an independent cohort.

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