Faculty Opinions recommendation of Daptomycin non-susceptible Enterococcus faecium in leukemia patients: Role of prior daptomycin exposure.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stan Deresinski
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecium

scholarly journals Enterococcus faecium are associated with the modification of gut microbiota and shrimp post-larvae survival

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shicong Du ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Zhiyuan Yao ◽  
Xiaolin Huang ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Phylogenetic Distance ◽  
Survival Ratio ◽  
Probiotic Treatment ◽  
Predicted Function

Abstract Background Probiotics are widely used to promote host health. Compared to mammals and terrestrial invertebrates, little is known the role of probiotics in aquatic invertebrates. In this study, eighteen tanks with eight hundred of shrimp post-larvae individuals each were randomly grouped into three groups, one is shrimps administered with E. faecium as probiotic (Tre) and others are shrimps without probiotic-treatment (CK1: blank control, CK2: medium control). We investigated the correlations between a kind of commercial Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) powder and microbiota composition with function potentials in shrimp post-larvae gut. Results We sequenced the 16S rRNA gene (V4) of gut samples to assess diversity and composition of the shrimp gut microbiome and used differential abundance and Tax4Fun2 analyses to identify the differences of taxonomy and predicted function between different treatment groups. The ingested probiotic bacteria (E. faecium) were tracked in gut microbiota of Tre and the shrimps here showed the best growth performance especially in survival ratio (SR). The distribution of SR across samples was similar to that in PCoA plot based on Bray-Curits and two subgroups generated (SL: SR < 70%, SH: SR ≥ 70%). The gut microbiota structure and predicted function were correlated with both treatment and SR, and SR was a far more important factor driving taxonomic and functional differences than treatment. Both Tre and SH showed a low and uneven community species and shorted phylogenetic distance. We detected a shift in composition profile at phylum and genus level and further identified ten OTUs as relevant taxa that both closely associated with treatment and SR. The partial least squares path model further supported the important role of relevant taxa related to shrimp survival ratio. Conclusions Overall, we found gut microbiota correlated to both shrimp survival and ingested probiotic bacteria (E. faecium). These correlations should not be dismissed without merit and will uncover a promising strategy for developing novel probiotics through certain consortium of gut microbiota.

Distinctive antagonistic role of new Enterococcus faecium ER-3M strain and its bacteriocin effect against Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 675-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa S. Abdel-Hamid ◽  
Anis Anis ◽  
Rania H. Elbawab ◽  
Abeer A. B. Mohammed ◽  
Sahar H. Orabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus Pneumonia

scholarly journals Five Genes Encoding Surface-Exposed LPXTG Proteins Are Enriched in Hospital-Adapted Enterococcus faecium Clonal Complex 17 Isolates

2007 ◽  
Vol 189 (22) ◽  
pp. 8321-8332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoni P. A. Hendrickx ◽  
Willem J. B. van Wamel ◽  
George Posthuma ◽  
Marc J. M. Bonten ◽  
Rob J. L. Willems
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Invasive Infections

ABSTRACT Most Enterococcus faecium isolates associated with hospital outbreaks and invasive infections belong to a distinct genetic subpopulation called clonal complex 17 (CC17). It has been postulated that the genetic evolution of CC17 involves the acquisition of various genes involved in antibiotic resistance, metabolic pathways, and virulence. To gain insight into additional genes that may have favored the rapid emergence of this nosocomial pathogen, we aimed to identify surface-exposed LPXTG cell wall-anchored proteins (CWAPs) specifically enriched in CC17 E. faecium. Using PCR and Southern and dot blot hybridizations, 131 E. faecium isolates (40 CC17 and 91 non-CC17) were screened for the presence of 22 putative CWAP genes identified from the E. faecium TX0016 genome. Five genes encoding LPXTG surface proteins were specifically enriched in E. faecium CC17 isolates. These five LPXTG surface protein genes were found in 28 to 40 (70 to 100%) of CC17 and in only 7 to 24 (8 to 26%) of non-CC17 isolates (P < 0.05). Three of these CWAP genes clustered together on the E. faecium TX0016 genome, which may comprise a novel enterococcal pathogenicity island covering E. faecium contig 609. Expression at the mRNA level was demonstrated, and immunotransmission electron microscopy revealed an association of the five LPXTG surface proteins with the cell wall. Minimal spanning tree analysis based on the presence and absence of 22 CWAP genes revealed grouping of all 40 CC17 strains together with 18 hospital-derived but evolutionary unrelated non-CC17 isolates in a distinct CWAP-enriched cluster, suggesting horizontal transfer of CWAP genes and a role of these CWAPs in hospital adaptation.

scholarly journals Neutrophils Are Essential for Rapid Clearance of Enterococcus faecium in Mice

2008 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 485-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masja Leendertse ◽  
Rob J. L. Willems ◽  
Ida A. J. Giebelen ◽  
Joris J. T. H. Roelofs ◽  
Marc J. M. Bonten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Neutropenic Patients ◽  
Rapid Clearance ◽  
Factor Alpha

ABSTRACT A progressive increase in infections with multiresistant Enterococcus faecium has been reported, especially in cancer patients and neutropenic patients. Despite its increasing importance as a nosocomial pathogen, knowledge of the pathogenesis of E. faecium infections is highly limited. In this study, we investigated the role of neutrophils during peritonitis with subsequent bacteremia caused by E. faecium. Therefore, we depleted neutrophils by intraperitoneal injections of monoclonal antibody RB6-8C5. Mice were followed for 5 days, and the enterococcal outgrowth and inflammatory response were compared between neutropenic mice and immunoglobulin G-injected control mice. Neutropenic mice demonstrated a severe delay in enterococcal clearance from all cultured organs (peritoneal fluid, blood, and lung and liver tissue). In particular, neutropenic mice remained bacteremic for up to 3 days, whereas all nonneutropenic mice had cleared the bacteria from circulation by 2 days. Furthermore, neutropenic mice displayed elevated peritoneal cytokine and chemokine levels 1 day after the infection and attracted fewer macrophages into the peritoneal cavity. In the circulation, a prolonged elevation of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, and the acute-phase proteins serum amyloid A and complement 3 were measured in neutropenic mice. In conclusion, attraction of neutrophils to the primary site of E. faecium infection is important for a rapid clearance of this bacterium, thereby attenuating a systemic inflammatory response.

scholarly journals Genetic Basis forIn VitroandIn VivoResistance to Lincosamides, Streptogramins A, and Pleuromutilins (LSAP Phenotype) in Enterococcus faecium

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 4463-4469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Isnard ◽  
Brigitte Malbruny ◽  
Roland Leclercq ◽  
Vincent Cattoir
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Full Genome Sequence ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Abc Protein

ABSTRACTAs opposed toEnterococcus faecalis, which is intrinsically resistant to lincosamides, streptogramins A, and pleuromutilins (LSAP phenotype) by production of the ABC protein Lsa(A),Enterococcus faeciumis naturally susceptible. Since this phenotype may be selected forin vivoby quinupristin-dalfopristin (Q-D), the aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of acquired LSAP resistance inE. faecium. Six LSAP-resistantin vitromutants ofE. faeciumHM1070 as well as three different pairs of clinical isolates (pre- and postexposure to Q-D) were studied. The full genome sequence of anin vitromutant (E. faeciumUCN90B) was determined by using 454 sequencing technology and was compared with that of the parental strain. Single-nucleotide replacement was carried out to confirm the role of this mutation. By comparative genomic analysis, a point mutation was found within a 1,503-bp gene coding for an ABC homologue showing 66% amino acid identity with Lsa(A). This mutation (C1349T) led to an amino acid substitution (Thr450Ile). An identical mutation was identified in allin vitroandin vivoresistant strains but was not present in susceptible strains. The wild-type allele was namedeat(A) (forEnterococcusABCtransporter), and its mutated allelic variant was namedeat(A)v. The introduction ofeat(A)vfrom UCN90B into HM1070 conferred the LSAP phenotype, whereas that ofeat(A) from HM1070 into UCN90B restored susceptibility entirely. This is the first description of the molecular mechanism of acquired LSAP resistance inE. faecium. Characterization of the biochemical mechanism of resistance and the physiological role of this ABC protein need further investigations.

scholarly journals The Role of Enterococcus faecium as a Key Producer and Fermentation Condition as an Influencing Factor in Tyramine Accumulation in Cheonggukjang

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Kyoung Park ◽  
Young Hun Jin ◽  
Jun-Hee Lee ◽  
Bo Young Byun ◽  
Junsu Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Fermentation Temperature ◽  
Soybean Paste ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Rrna Sequencing ◽  
High Concentrations

The study evaluated the role of Enterococcus faecium in tyramine production and its response to fermentation temperature in a traditional Korean fermented soybean paste, Cheonggukjang. Tyramine content was detected in retail Cheonggukjang products at high concentrations exceeding the recommended limit up to a factor of 14. All retail Cheonggukjang products contained Enterococcus spp. at concentrations of at least 6 Log CFU/g. Upon isolation of Enterococcus strains, approximately 93% (157 strains) produced tyramine at over 100 µg/mL. The strains that produced the highest concentrations of tyramine (301.14–315.29 μg/mL) were identified as E. faecium through 16S rRNA sequencing. The results indicate that E. faecium is one of the major contributing factors to high tyramine content in Cheonggukjang. During fermentation, tyramine content in Cheonggukjang groups co-inoculated with E. faecium strains was highest at 45 °C, followed by 37 °C and 25 °C. The tyramine content of most Cheonggukjang groups continually increased as fermentation progressed, except groups fermented at 25 °C. At 45 °C, the tyramine content occasionally exceeded the recommended limit within 3 days of fermentation. The results suggest that lowering fermentation temperature and shortening duration may reduce the tyramine content of Cheonggukjang, thereby reducing the safety risks that may arise when consuming food with high tyramine concentrations.

The role of environmental factors and medium composition on bacteriocin production by an aquaculture probiotic Enterococcus faecium MC13 isolated from fish intestine

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 860-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulraj Kanmani ◽  
Ramraj Satishkumar ◽  
Neelakandan Yuvaraj ◽  
Kupusamy Alagesan Paari ◽  
Vellaiyan Pattukumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Bacteriocin Production ◽  
Fish Intestine

Studies on the role of IS1216E in the formation and dissemination of poxtA-carrying plasmids in an Enterococcus faecium clade A1 isolate

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 3126-3130
Author(s):  
Xinxin Shan ◽  
Xin-Sheng Li ◽  
Nannan Wang ◽  
Stefan Schwarz ◽  
Su-Mei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Southern Blot Hybridization ◽  
Conjugative Plasmid ◽  
Fusion Event ◽  
Mobilizable Plasmid ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Positive Isolate

Abstract Objectives To analyse the role of IS1216E in the dissemination of the phenicol-oxazolidinone-tetracycline resistance gene poxtA in an Enterococcus faecium clade A1 isolate. Methods MICs were determined by broth microdilution. The poxtA-positive isolate was typed by MLST. The two plasmids were characterized by PCR, conjugation, S1-PFGE, Southern blot hybridization and WGS analysis. The presence of translocatable units (TUs) was examined by PCR and sequencing. Results Isolate E1077 contains the 217661 bp conjugative plasmid pE1077-217 and the 23710 bp mobilizable plasmid pE1077-23. pE1077-217 harbours erm(B), aac(A)-aph(D), aadE, spw, lsa(E), lnu(B), aphA3 and dfrG, whereas pE1077-23 carries a Tn6657-like transposon containing poxtA and fexB. pE1077-23 was apparently formed by an IS1216E-mediated composite transposon–plasmid fusion event, involving a replicative transposition process. Conjugation experiments showed that pE1077-23 is mobilizable by pE1077-217. Moreover, a novel 31742 bp plasmid, pT-E1077-31, was found in a transconjugant. WGS analysis indicated that pT-E1077-31 was formed by the integration of a Tn6657-derived, IS1216E-based translocatable unit, which carried fexB and poxtA, into a copy of pE1077-23. Conclusions This study showed the presence of two cointegrate formation events in the formation and spread of a poxtA/fexB-carrying plasmid in E. faecium. One was the integration of a transposon into a plasmid while the other was the integration of a TU into a different site of the same type of plasmid-borne transposon from which it originated. In both events, IS1216E played a major role, suggesting that IS1216E-mediated transposition and translocation processes aid the dissemination and persistence of important antimicrobial resistance genes, such as poxtA, among enterococci.

scholarly journals Dual Role for the Tyrosine Decarboxylation Pathway in Enterococcus faecium E17: Response to an Acid Challenge and Generation of a Proton Motive Force

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. I. Pereira ◽  
D. Matos ◽  
M. V. San Romão ◽  
M. T. Barreto Crespo
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Proton Motive Force ◽  
Motive Force ◽  
Ph Gradient ◽  
Ph Homeostasis ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Acid Challenge

ABSTRACT In this work we investigated the role of the tyrosine decarboxylation pathway in the response of Enterococcus faecium E17 cells to an acid challenge. It was found that 91% of the cells were able to remain viable in the presence of tyrosine when they were incubated for 3 h in a complex medium at pH 2.5. This effect was shown to be related to the tyrosine decarboxylation pathway. Therefore, the role of tyrosine decarboxylation in pH homeostasis was studied. The membrane potential and pH gradient, the parameters that compose the proton motive force (PMF), were measured at different pHs (pH 4.5 to 7). We obtained evidence showing that the tyrosine decarboxylation pathway generates a PMF composed of a pH gradient formed due to proton consumption in the decarboxylation reaction and by a membrane potential which results from electrogenic transport of tyrosine in exchange for the corresponding biogenic amine tyramine. The properties of the tyrosine transporter were also studied in this work by using whole cells and right-side-out vesicles. The results showed that the transporter catalyzes homologous tyrosine/tyrosine antiport, as well as electrogenic heterologous tyrosine-tyramine exchange. The tyrosine transporter had properties of a typical precursor-product exchanger operating in a proton motive decarboxylation pathway. Therefore, the tyrosine decarboxylation pathway contributes to an acid response mechanism in E. faecium E17. This decarboxylation pathway gives the strain a competitive advantage in nutrient-depleted conditions, as well as in harsh acidic environments, and a better chance of survival, which contributes to higher cell counts in food fermentation products.

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