Faculty Opinions recommendation of The mevalonate pathway is a druggable target for vaccine adjuvant discovery.

Rapid development of bacterial resistance has led to an urgent need to find new druggable targets for antibiotics. In this context, residue-specific chemoproteomic approaches enable proteome-wide identification of binding sites for covalent inhibitors. Here, we describe isotopically labeled desthiobiotin azide (isoDTB) tags that are easily synthesized, shorten the chemoproteomic workflow and allow an increased coverage of cysteines in bacterial systems. We quantify 59% of all cysteines in essential proteins in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and discover 88 cysteines with high reactivity, which correlates with functional importance. Furthermore, we identify 268 cysteines that are engaged by covalent ligands. We verify inhibition of HMG-CoA synthase, which will allow addressing the bacterial mevalonate pathway through a new target. Overall, a comprehensive map of the bacterial cysteinome is obtained, which will facilitate the development of antibiotics with novel modes-of-action.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Activation of NF-kappaB by the intracellular expression of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase acts as a powerful vaccine adjuvant.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1046363.497377 ◽

2006 ◽

Author(s):

Grant McFadden

Keyword(s):

Vaccine Adjuvant ◽

Intracellular Expression ◽

Nf Kappab

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of The vaccine adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A as a TRIF-biased agonist of TLR4.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1087287.540302 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Rino Rappuoli

Keyword(s):

Lipid A ◽

Vaccine Adjuvant ◽

Monophosphoryl Lipid A ◽

Monophosphoryl Lipid ◽

Biased Agonist

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The Application and Functional Progress of γ-Poly-Glutamic Acid in Food: A Mini-Review

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612826666200717090016 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (41) ◽

pp. 5347-5352

Author(s):

Guoliang Wang ◽

Qing Liu ◽

Ying Wang ◽

Jingyuan Li ◽

Yue Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glutamic Acid ◽

Food Industry ◽

Water Solubility ◽

Drug Carrier ◽

Physical Property ◽

Coating Material ◽

Vaccine Adjuvant ◽

Food Ingredient ◽

Naturally Occurring

γ-Poly-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) is a naturally occurring homo-polyamide produced by various strains of Bacillus. As a biopolymer substance, γ-PGA possesses a few predominant features containing good water solubility, biocompatibility, degradability and non-toxicity. Based on this, γ-PGA can be used in pharmaceutical, such as drug carrier/deliverer, vaccine adjuvant, and coating material for microencapsulation, etc. Moreover, it has also been applied in a broad range of industrial fields including food, medicine, bioremediation, cosmetics, and agriculture. Especially, γ-PGA is an extremely promising food ingredient. In this mini-review, our aim is to review the function and application progress of γ-PGA in the food industry: e.g., improving taste and flavor, enhancing physical property, and promoting health.

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Statins as the Controlling Agents for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas via Increasing the Casein Kinase 2 Interacting Protein-1: A Hypothesis

Current Drug Discovery Technologies ◽

10.2174/1570163816666190628165200 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 616-618

Author(s):

Kimia Kazemi ◽

Negin Mozafari ◽

Hajar Ashrafi ◽

Pedram Rafiei ◽

Amir Azadi

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Mevalonate Pathway ◽

Casein Kinase ◽

Casein Kinase 2 ◽

Interacting Protein ◽

Akt Phosphorylation ◽

Anticancer Properties ◽

Proliferation And Apoptosis ◽

Cellular Signaling Pathway ◽

Hodgkin's Lymphomas

Background: Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), derived from B- or T-cell, consist of a heterogeneous group of malignant lymphoproliferative disorders. Knockdown of Casein kinase 2 interacting protein-1 (CKIP-1) in NHL promoted cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis via enhancing phosphorylated Protein Kinase B (PKB or AKT) expression. Statins are the class of drugs that inhibit the ratelimiting step of the mevalonate pathway, which is essential for the biosynthesis of various compounds, including cholesterol. Also, statins have anticancer properties being mediated by different mechanisms. Methods: A search on databases like Scopus and PubMed with keywords such as statin and non- Hodgkin's lymphomas was performed and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) website was used to evaluate and reconfirm the involved cellular signaling pathway. Results: CKIP-1 is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis while plays an important role in many cancers. We can hypothesize that statins may increase the expression levels of CKIP-1 which could contribute to the reductions in phospho-AKT level. Hence, they may ameliorate the NHL patients via suppressing AKT phosphorylation and increasing CKIP- expression. Conclusion: Present review confirms the positive effect of statins on NHL by increasing CKIP-1 and reducing cell proliferation, subsequently.

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