scholarly journals Studies on Ostrich (Struthio Camelus) - Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Dóra Lili Brassó ◽  
Béla Béri ◽  
István Komlósi
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Great Emphasis ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Struthio Camelus ◽  
Slaughter Age ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Apparent Disagreement ◽  
Concise Description

Ostrich has been reared in Hungary for decades, but we have limited information on this species. The aim of this review was to provide a concise description of the ostrich (Struthio camelus) based on international studies. We were to investigate some of the most relevant parameters, such as egg, meat and skin production. In this critical review we managed to sum up the most significant features and productivity parameters of ostrich and effecting factors. So as to make an accurate description of the species we have to know its morphological, behavioural and physiological characteristics. Ostrich is a very special bird with special nutritional and environmental requirements. Ostrich products, regarding egg, meat and skin are considered luxury products not only in Hungary but also abroad. Though egg has a significant nutritional value, it is mainly used for hatching chicks. In Europe we can expect roughly 40–50 eggs from a hen yearly. Ostrich has a lean meat with high protein and low fat and sodium content, moreover it is rich in minerals and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Having these advantageous qualities, ostrich meat should be part of our healthy diet. Skin production is not important in our country, but there is a special demand for high quality ostrich leather globally. In the future our aim is to conduct a research on some of the parameters. As low production rate and embryo mortality is a great deal of problem in ostrich industry, we need to investigate the incubation environment. There is an apparent disagreement among researchers on optimal slaughter age. This is also an area for further investigation. The value of skin and effecting factors on our climate as well as adaptability of the species are also worth for further investigation together with the nutrition what differs from other ostrich breeding countries. Nowadays, there is a great emphasis placed on animal welfare too.  

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of Lizardfish Surimi By-Product: Focus on Macro and Micro-Minerals Contents

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Abdul Aziz Jaziri ◽  
Rossita Shapawi ◽  
Ruzaidi Azli Mohd Mokhtar ◽  
Wan Norhana Md. Noordin ◽  
Nurul Huda
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Valuable Compounds ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
By Products

Surimi processing industries generated over 60% of fish by-products, including head, skin, viscera, trimming, bone, scale, and fin. Hence, an effort converting these by-products into valuable compounds and constituents is necessary for optimizing the resources. In order to implement this, the information on the chemical composition of the by-products is helpful. This study aimed to determine the chemical composition, particularly minerals of lizardfish surimi by-products. The protein, fat, ash, moisture, and carbohydrate values of by-products differed significantly (p < 0.05). Protein content was highest in the skin and scale (29.63% and 29.62%, respectively), and ash content was predominantly found in the scale (28.43%), fin (26.01%), and bone (23.58). Calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium content were significantly varied respectively from 0.25% to 6.88%, 0.06% to 0.37%, 0.01% to 0.09%, and 0.01% to 0.32%. Calcium is highest in scale, whereas zinc, manganese, and iron were most abundance in all parts of the by-products sample. Zinc is mostly detected in the fin (76.75 µg/g), bone (48.67 µg/g) and scale (46.01 µg/g) parts. On the other hand, copper, chromium, selenium, cadmium and lead were detected at lower concentration (less than 2 µg/g), and complied with the safety levels set by the Malaysian Food and Regulations. These findings suggest that, by-products generated from lizardfish surimi processing may be used as ingredients to enrich nutritional value of other food products.

Serologic Survey of Slaughter-Age Ostriches (Struthio camelus) for Antibodies to Selected Avian Pathogens

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. Ley ◽  
Teresa Y. Morishita ◽  
Brian S. Harr ◽  
Ram Mohan ◽  
Thomas Brisker
Keyword(s):  
Struthio Camelus ◽  
Slaughter Age ◽  
Serologic Survey

scholarly journals Serological and Virological Studies of Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza in Slaughter-Age Ostriches (Struthio camelus) in Japan

2006 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 491-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouji SAKAI ◽  
Kaori YADA ◽  
Genki SAKABE ◽  
Orie TANI ◽  
Kazuki MIYAJI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Struthio Camelus ◽  
Slaughter Age

scholarly journals NUTRITIONAL VALUE AND HEAVY METALS CONTENTS OF THE DRIED SEA CUCUMBER Stichopus vastus FROM SALEMO ISLAND, INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 739-746
Author(s):  
Abdullah Rasyid
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Chondroitin Sulphate ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Sulphate Content ◽  
Glucosamine Sulphate

The dried sea cucumber Stichopus vastus is one of the commercially species harvested in Indonesian waters. This study aims to highlight the nutritional value and heavy metals content of dried sea cucumber S. vastus. Proximate (moisture, ash, protein, fat and carbohydrate), mineral (sodium, calcium, potassium and iron) and heavy metal (mercury, cadmium, arsenic and lead) were determined by standard method of AOAC, while phosphorous was determined by spectrophotometric method. Chondroitin sulphate was determined by UPLC method, glucosamine sulphate and vitamin (A, B1, B2 and E) by HPLC method. Results show that protein was the major component in proximate analysis of dried sea cucumber S. vastus in the present study. The protein content was 38.70%. Moisture, ash, fat and carbohydrate content were 19.46%, 34.04%, 0.38% and 7.42% respectively. All vitamins and heavy metals examined in this study were not detected. The sodium content was 8054.36 mg/100 g higher than other minerals. Calcium, potassium, phosphorus and iron content were 2449.9 mg/100 g, 159.77 mg/100 g, 5085.2 mg/100 g and 520.8 mg/100 g respectively. Glucosamine sulphate content was found to be 2.429 g/100 g, whereas chondroitin sulphate was found to be 1.115 g/100 g. It can therefore, be concluded that the dried sea cucumber S. vastus from Salemo Island is safe for human consumption and hence can be used as a source of food supplement in the future. Keywords: food supplement, Salemo island, Stichopus vastus

scholarly journals Nutritional Content of Sliced Bread Available in Quebec, Canada: Focus on Sodium and Fibre Content

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4196
Author(s):  
Marie Le Bouthillier ◽  
Julie Perron ◽  
Sonia Pomerleau ◽  
Pierre Gagnon ◽  
Marie-Ève Labonté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Quality ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Fibre Content ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Sales Data

Bread is a highly consumed food and an important source of nutrients in the diet of Canadians, underlining the need to improve its nutritional quality. The Food Quality Observatory (Observatory) aimed to evaluate the nutritional value of the sliced bread products available in Quebec (Canada), according to their grain type and main flour. Analyses included comparing the bread’s sodium content to Health Canada’s daily values (DV) and sodium voluntary targets, comparing the bread’s fibre content thresholds with the source of fibre mentioned, and assessing whether the main flour was associated with the nutrient content. The nutritional values of 294 sliced breads available in Quebec were merged with sales data (from October 2016 to October 2017), with 262 products successfully cross-referenced. The results showed that 64% of the breads purchased were ‘low’ in fibre (i.e., below 2 g per two slices), while 47% were ‘high’ in sodium (i.e., above 15% DV per two slices). Attention should be paid to 100% refined grain bread and to bread with refined flour as the main flour, since they are great sellers, while showing a less favourable nutrient content. This study shows that there is room for improvement in the nutritional content of Quebec’s bread offer, particularly regarding sodium and fibre content.

scholarly journals Decaying wood is a sodium source for mountain gorillas

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica M Rothman ◽  
Peter J Van Soest ◽  
Alice N Pell
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Mountain Gorillas ◽  
Gorilla Beringei Beringei ◽  
Gorilla Beringei ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Decaying Wood

Like several other non-human primates, mountain gorillas ( Gorilla beringei beringei ) in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda consume decaying wood, an interesting but puzzling behaviour. This wood has little obvious nutritional value; it is low in protein and sugar, and high in lignin compared to other foods. We collected pieces of wood eaten and avoided by gorillas, and other foods consumed by gorillas, and measured their sodium content. Wood was substantially higher in sodium than other dietary items, and wood pieces from stumps eaten contained more sodium than those that were avoided. Wood represented only 3.9% of the wet weight food intake of gorillas, but contributed over 95% of dietary sodium, leading us to conclude that decaying wood is an important sodium source for Bwindi gorillas. Because sodium has been leached from the weathered soils characteristic of the subhumid and humid tropics, and because terrestrial plants generally do not require sodium, tropical herbivores, including gorillas, often encounter problems locating the sodium essential for their well-being. Decaying wood is an unexpected sodium source.

Ultrastructural Changes in Tumor Cells During Human Peripheral Blood Monocyte-Mediated Cytotoxicity

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 452-453
Author(s):  
K. E. Muse ◽  
D. G. Fischer ◽  
H. S. Koren
Keyword(s):  
Target Cell ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Phagocytes ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Tumoricidal Activity ◽  
Activated State

Mononuclear phagocytes, a pluripotential cell line, manifest an array of basic extracellular functions. Among these physiological regulatory functions is the expression of spontaneous cytolytic potential against tumor cell targets.The limited observations on human cells, almost exclusively blood monocytes, initially reported limited or a lack of tumoricidal activity in the absence of antibody. More recently, freshly obtained monocytes have been reported to spontaneously impair the biability of tumor target cells in vitro (Harowitz et al., 1979; Montavani et al., 1979; Hammerstrom, 1979). Although the mechanism by which effector cells express cytotoxicity is poorly understood, discrete steps can be distinguished in the process of cell mediated cytotoxicity: recognition and binding of effector to target cells,a lethal-hit stage, and subsequent lysis of the target cell. Other important parameters in monocyte-mediated cytotoxicity include, activated state of the monocyte, effector cell concentrations, and target cell suseptibility. However, limited information is available with regard to the ultrastructural changes accompanying monocyte-mediated cytotoxicity.

SEM and TEM observations of sperm development in the testis of the freshwater fish Oreochromis mossambicus

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
Daryl A. Cornish ◽  
George L. Smit
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Oreochromis Mossambicus ◽  
Breeding Cycle ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Sem And Tem ◽  
Sperm Development ◽  
Ultrastructural Characteristics ◽  
The University

Oreochromis mossambicus is currently receiving much attention as a candidater species for aquaculture programs within Southern Africa. This has stimulated interest in its breeding cycle as well as the morphological characteristics of the gonads. Limited information is available on SEM and TEM observations of the male gonads. It is known that the testis of O. mossambicus is a paired, intra-abdominal structure of the lobular type, although further details of its characteristics are not known. Current investigations have shown that spermatids reach full maturity some two months after the female becomes gravid. Throughout the year, the testes contain spermatids at various stages of development although spermiogenesis appears to be maximal during November when spawning occurs. This paper describes the morphological and ultrastructural characteristics of the testes and spermatids.Specimens of this fish were collected at Syferkuil Dam, 8 km north- west of the University of the North over a twelve month period, sacrificed and the testes excised.

Analysis of photographic emulsions for High-Voltage Electron Microscopy

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 452-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Kremer ◽  
Paul S. Furcinitti ◽  
Eileen O’Toole ◽  
J. Richard McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Noise Power ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Modulation Transfer ◽  
Transmission Microscopy ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽  
Voltage Range ◽  
Voltage Electron

Characteristics of electron microscope film emulsions, such as the speed, the modulation transfer function, and the exposure dependence of the noise power spectrum, have been studied for electron energies (80-100keV) used in conventional transmission microscopy. However, limited information is available for electron energies in the intermediate to high voltage range, 300-1000keV. Furthermore, emulsion characteristics, such as optical density versus exposure, for new or improved emulsions are usually only quoted by film manufacturers for 80keV electrons. The need for further film emulsion studies at higher voltages becomes apparent when searching for a film to record low dose images of radiation sensitive biological specimens in the frozen hydrated state. Here, we report the optical density, speed and relative resolution of a few of the more popular electron microscope films after exposure to 1MeV electrons.Three electron microscope films, Kodak S0-163, Kodak 4489, and Agfa Scientia 23D56 were tested with a JEOLJEM-1000 electron microscope operating at an accelerating voltage of 1000keV.

Histochemical and Ultrastructural Studies of the Digestive Epithelium in a Gastropod Gametolytic Organ

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 568-569
Author(s):  
R. L. Reeder ◽  
S. H. Rogers ◽  
W. A. Shannon
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Digestive Organ ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Morphological Studies

Numerous morphological studies have dealt with the spermatheca of pulmonate gastropods. This globular organ, which is attached to the female portion of the reproductive tract by a long duct in these monoecious animals, has had various functions ascribed to it. Recent histochemical demonstrations of deoxyribonuclease, ribonuclease, protease, and acid phosphatase have provided, however, conclusive evidence that it is a digestive organ for the degradation of superfluous sperm and genital tract secretions. Only limited information concerning the spermatheca is available at the ultrastructural level, a fact providing the stimulus for the present study of this organ in Sonorella santaritana, a desert mountain snail from Arizona.

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