scholarly journals Comparison of Reproductive Performance of the Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus, L.) Among Different Regions

2006 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
István Majzinger
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Actual Number ◽  
Offspring Number ◽  
Region I ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Autumn And Winter

The potential and actual number of offspring of roe deer and the difference between these figures (prenatal and postnatal loss) significantly vary in each population yearly. The objective of this study is to examine the potential and actual number of offspring, the number of losses, and to find a link between the most important biological characteristics of does (body weight – BW, condition – KFI) and the number of raised offspring on four territories on the Great Hungarian Plain.Where the number of corpora lutea (CL) is the highest, there the losses are the highest as well, and the number of raised offspring is the lowest (region I.). Here, the rearing loss is double that of the weakest territory (region IV.). Rearing losses can be associated with the fenotype of does (BW, KFI) but environmental factors also have determinative importance. Where the number of twin-calving does was the highest, I found four times more does without a fawn than where the number of twin-calving does was the lowest. The nursing success was the best (the losses were lowest) in the region where the potential offspring (number of CL) was also the lowest, but the coverage of the habitat and the proportion of forests were largest. The food supply for the animals in autumn and winter are not enough, the structure of the habitat has to be improved as well, so that it might become adequate for game protection in extreme weather conditions.The results have to be considered as preliminary ones. It is essential to continue and extend the research to increase the reliability of the results.

scholarly journals Examination of Reproductive Performance of Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Hungary

2004 ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
István Majzinger
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Previous Pregnancy ◽  
Embryo Number ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Post Implantation ◽  
Implantation Period

The objective of the research partly is to compare the reproduction performance of the populations living in different regions with regard to some special characteristics (age, condition).When estimating the age through tooth wear and cementum-layer-counting there was a difference of 0.87 years in favour of the first one (r=0,840; p<0,001). I found cementum layers at 42% of the does in the study after examining the MI teeth.There was lose connection between the weight (eviscerated, with head and legs) and the KFI (r=0,296; p<0,01), and for further analysis, I used only the KFI as the index for condition.The regional average KFI varied from 0.24-0.37 in fawns, 0.82-1.73 in does, with individual extremes of 0-4.05. Within the examined regions the highest index belonged to the prime-aged does, while the 1-year-olds had a lower rate, and it was the lowest in the does older than 8 years.The rate of fertility was between 83,3(ns)-100% as we can see from the presence of the CL. All the examined does were fertile, except in one region, while among the female fawns in two regions I only found three with active ovaries. The average number of CL was 1.5-2.13, and this varied by regions; all in all it was the highest in the 2-7-year-old group (1.96) and in the ones over 8 years (2.00!), while it was lower in the does younger than 1 year (1.90). The high fertility of the does over 8 years is remarkable.I could examine the number of embryos in two regions during the post-implantation period, and beside 100% fertility I found significant differences among the does, which can be associated with the condition. The ratio of CL carriers and the pregnant does was 100% and 73% in the two regions, the average number of CL were 1.92 and 1.72, while the average embryo number were 1.83 and 1.36 per doe. The difference between the CL and the embryo numbers on the two regions were 5% and 21%. The difference (prenatal loss) is in connection with the age (age class) of the doe. It is possible, however, that in some cases oestrus was not followed by gestation. But in roe deer, owing to the commonly known lack of luteolysis-mechanism (Flint et al., 1994), the regression of the CL of the does that did not get pregnant takes place in December and January, so the CL found in January cannot prove a previous pregnancy, which might have been followed by an abortion.Although it has to be proven, it seems that the number of the CL (potential progeny) can be associated with the age (r=0,418; p<0,01) and the weight (r=0,312; p<0,01) of the doe, while the embryo number (realised progeny) is influenced by the age of the doe and probably by external factors.It is essential to continue and extend the research to increase the reliability of the results and their correlation.

Interrelationships between reproductive cycle, age, body weight and steroid hormones in roe deer females (Capreolus capreolus)

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Sirotkin ◽  
Marta Oravcová ◽  
Jaroslav SlamečKA ◽  
Abdel Halim Harrath ◽  
Matúš RajskÝ
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus

The effect of feed restriction on sexual maturity and initial reproductive performance of broiler pullets under different light treatments

1969 ◽  
Vol 9 (39) ◽  
pp. 417 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAE Pym ◽  
R Sledge
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Lighting Systems

An experiment was conducted to examine the effect of restricted feeding under two lighting systems during the rearing period on the initial laying performance of broiler type pullets. The rearing treatments were imposed at nine weeks of age, removed at 22 weeks and the trial was discontinued at 36 weeks of age. The feeding treatments (restricted versus ad lib.) were arranged factorially with the lighting treatments (decreasing versus increasing). Birds reared on restricted feeding reached sexual maturity 16 days later than full fed birds, ate 17 per cent less feed to 22 weeks and gained seven per cent less in body weight to 24 weeks of age and ten per cent less to 36 weeks. Birds reared under the decreasing lighting regime reached sexual maturity at the same age as those reared under increasing lighting, ate five per cent more feed during the rearing and laying periods and gained five per cent more in body weight to 24 weeks. The mean weight of eggs laid between 24 and 34 weeks of age from pullets subjected concurrently to decreasing lighting and restricted feeding was approximately two grams heavier than that of the other three treatment combinations. Mean egg weight was one gram greater in the restricted than in the full fed group, although the difference was not statistically significant. Laying mortality was lower in the restricted fed group than in the full fed group.

scholarly journals effect of ascorbic acid as a feed additive on indicators of the reproductive performance of Pulawska breed gilts

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 378-382
Author(s):  
Jerzy Lechowski ◽  
Anna Kasprzyk ◽  
Mirosław Tyra ◽  
Beata Trawińska
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Reproductive Value ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Reproduction Cycle ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of vitamin C on indicators of gilts and sows reproductive value. The study was conducted using 64 gilts of the Pulawska breed. The experimental gilts received a supplement of vitamin C in an amount of 2.4 g daily throughout the whole experiment. Sixteen gilts from both control and experimental groups were mated in their third estrus. In order to determine the number of corpora lutea and the state of development of the reproductive organs, other gilts from the control and experimental groups were slaughtered after third estrus between the 5th and 10th day of the following estrous cycle. The results showed that gilts from the experimental group were characterized by higher potential fertility, as well as reared more piglets per litter. In the body weight and backfat thickness of sows during the first reproduction cycle in the control and experimental groups were not statistically significantly different. The piglets in the experimental group had higher body weight in the 1st and 21st day of rearing. Larger contents of protein, immunoglobulins, and vitamin C were recorded in the colostrum and milk from experimental sows.

scholarly journals Progestogen Profiling Over the Course of Diapause and Resumption of Embryo Development in the European Roe Deer

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 158-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera A. Van der Weijden ◽  
Anna-Katharina Hankele ◽  
Anna B. Rüegg ◽  
Marion Schmicke ◽  
Karoline Rehm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Embryonic Diapause ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Species Specific

Progesterone (P4) plays a pivotal role in maintenance of pregnancy in many mammalian species. Species-specific P4 metabolites have been shown to function as primary acting progestogen and the receptor binding capacity varies between species. The European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) displays a 4-5 month period of embryonic diapause, which decouples fertilization from implantation. The majority of roe deer have two corpora lutea that secrete P4. No changes in P4 concentrations have been observed during pre-implantation embryo development. As 5α-DHP is known to play a major role during pregnancy in elephants and horses, we hypothesized that 5α-DHP functions as additional progestogen facilitating embryo reactivation. The profile of 11 progestogens was quantified in roe deer plasma over the course of diapause and resumption of embryo development including P4, 3α- and 3β-DHP, 20α- and 20β-DHP, 5α- and 5β-DHP, 3α,5α- and 3α,5β-THP, as well as 3β,5α- and 3β,5β-THP. While P4 was most abundant during diapause and resumption of development, 20α-DHP was the most abundant P4 metabolite. This is different than in pregnant elephants, where 5α-DHP was most abundant, and the luteal phase in cattle, where 3α,5α-THP was most abundant. With the exception of a weak correlation of 3β,5α-THP, none of the progestogens significantly correlated with embryonic development in the roe deer. Thus, plasma 5α-DHP does not seem to play a role in embryo reactivation. We propose that progestogens might contribute to priming the endometrium for supporting embryo development and preparation for implantation.

scholarly journals Microbial, chemical-physical, rheological and organoleptic characterisation of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) salami

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Ranucci ◽  
Rossana Roila ◽  
Dino Miraglia ◽  
Chiara Arcangeli ◽  
Francesca Vercillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Local Economies ◽  
Game Meat ◽  
The Difference

Game meat and related products are important in the promotion of local economies and rural areas. Microbiological, chemical–physical, rheological and sensory characteristics of fermented meat products (salami) made by different percentages of pork and hunted roe-deer (Capreolus capreolus) meat were evaluated. The microbiological determination indicated that the products are safe to eat, as neither Listeria monocytogenes nor Salmonella spp. was isolated from the samples. The hygienic adequacy of the process was guaranteed, as there was below 3 log CFU/g of Enterobacteriaceae level in the final products. The proximal composition analyses showed lower lipid levels in comparison to pork salami. The difference in chemical composition affects the rheological and sensory traits of the final products; the products were harder and with higher gumminess when 50% of roe-deer meat was used. Game meat flavour and odour increased with the increasing percentage of roe-deer meat.

Seasonal variation in body composition of European roe deer

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Øystein Holand
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Life Strategy ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Fat Reserves ◽  
Free Body ◽  
Mating Territories

Seasonal variations in whole-body composition of 43 European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.) collected in the southeastern part of Norway were examined. Adult deer showed a defined annual cycle in both body weight and body fat reserves. Fat accumulated in September and October, reaching a maximum of 9.2% of the ingesta-free body weight in does and 10.3% in bucks, in late fall (November and December). The depletion phase started in early January and ended in April. No intersexual differences in amplitude or synchrony of body weight or fat cycle were observed. This contrasts with results in other temperate and northern cervids and could be due to differences in life strategy, particularly reproductive effort (midsummer rut, delayed implantation, and mating territories), in European roe deer.

scholarly journals Effects of selection on growth, body composition and food intake in mice: II. Correlated responses in reproduction

1984 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Forbes D. Brien ◽  
Gillian L. Sharp ◽  
William G. Hill ◽  
Alan Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Primary Reason ◽  
Correlated Responses ◽  
Fat Percentage

SummaryFemale reproductive performance is reported in mice selected for ten generations for one of three criteria: either appetite (A), fat percentage (F) or total lean mass (P). For each criterion lines were selected for high (H) or low (L) performance, with contemporary unselected controls (C). In the A and P lines, litter size changed in the direction of the selected criterion, the changes being larger and more rapidly established in the A than in the P lines. At generation 10, the differences in litter size between high and low lines were 2·6 live young born in the A lines, and 1·0 live young born in the P lines. The differences in 6-week weight between the high and low lines were 3·5 g in the A lines, 6·5 g in the P lines. Changes in ovulation rate were the primary reason for changes in litter size, the differences between the high and low lines being 3·8 corpora lutea for the A lines, and 3·1 corpora lutea for the P lines. Fitting body weight at mating as a covariate within lines in the analysis of ovulation rate and live foetus number removed the differences between the high and low selected P lines, but not those in the A lines. The high and low selected A and P lines did not differ in prenatal survival. There were no consistent differences in litter size, ovulation rate or pre-natal survival in the F lines.

scholarly journals Assessment of selected indicators of the individual condition of roe deer Capreolus capreolus in the closed hunting season

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Piotr Czyżowski ◽  
◽  
Anna Okrasa ◽  
Mirosław Karpiński ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Kidney Weight ◽  
Hunting Season ◽  
Vegetation Growth ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Fat Reserves ◽  
Individual Condition

The aim of the study was to assess the condition of roe deer in the closed hunting season based on the analysis of body weight and fat reserves in roe deer killed in road collisions. The research material consisted of kidneys dissected from 12 bucks, 4 does, and 5 fawns killed in road accidents between February 12 and May 10, 2020. The measurements were used for calculation of the kidney fat index (KFI) based on the formula [Bobek et al. 1984]: KFI = kidney weight with fat/kidney weight without fat. The study presents the distribution of the analyzed parameters with reference to the animal sex and month in which the animal died in the road collision. A distinct decline in the value of fat reserves expressed as the KFI index and the perirenal fat weight mass was observed in the study. In the first two months (February, March), this decrease coincided with reduced body weight, which rapidly increased in April. This may have been related to the intensive vegetation growth. Nevertheless, the costs of the breeding season (primarily in males) resulted in further weight loss in May. The analysis of carcass weight and fat reserves in roe deer killed in road collisions can complete the information about their individual condition and indirectly shows the condition of the roe deer population in the closed hunting season, i.e. in the critical period for this species (winter and the beginning of the breeding season).

scholarly journals Autumn and winter kidney fat indexes of roe deer does and their correlation with reproductive parameters

2013 ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
István Majzinger
Keyword(s):  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Recruitment Rate ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Game Management ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Kidney Fat ◽  
Autumn And Winter

I studied the variations of kidney fat indexes (KFI) in two game management units of the Great Hungarian Plain between 2002 and 2004 in the autumn and winter months. I was looking for correlation between the autumn and winter KFI as well as between the autumn KFI and reproductive parameters (number of corpora lutea, recruitment rate). There was a significant positive correlation between the average winter and the average next autumn KFI (r=0.991, p<0.1). The average winter KFI showed strong positive correlation with the average number of corpora lutea (CL) in the next rutting season (r=0.978, p<0.05). The average autumn KFI and the average grown up offspring showed positive but not significant correlation (r=0.725, p=0.275).

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