scholarly journals Evaluation of blue and red corn landraces

2007 ◽  
pp. 239-243
Author(s):  
Zoltán Bódi ◽  
Pál Pepó ◽  
Andrea Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Area Index ◽  
High Pollen ◽  
Broad Base ◽  
Corn Breeding ◽  
Great Productivity ◽  
Energy Plants

Corn breeding can be successful only on a broad base of genetic material. The expansion of breeding aims includes the research of germplasm materials. In our experiments, we examined 11 blue, purple and red exotic corn varieties on two locations in Hungary. We conducted a complex study to obtain more information. We studied several morphological and phenological features and determined the most important qualitative parameters (protein, fat, ash). We applied the Tassel Area Index (TAI) under Hungarian conditions and compared it with the pollen producing ability of different genotypes. Results show that there are great opportunities in exotic corn varieties. Their quality exceeds that of the yellow ones in many cases. There are significant differences in yield and nutritional parameters. The favorable nutritional composition is not coupled with great productivity. Based on their flowering time and their agronomical features, they can be cultivated under Hungarian conditions as well. They match the new breeding aims, so they can be used as functional food or energy plants. With their high pollen producing ability and TAI, they can be utilized as markers in future pollen research.

scholarly journals Maize (Zea mays L.) genebank for agriculture and food industry

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Pál Pepó ◽  
Csilla Bojté ◽  
Szilárd Tóth
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Alternative Crops ◽  
Great Productivity ◽  
World Agriculture ◽  
Agriculture And Food ◽  
Energy Plants

Com breeding can be successful only on a broad base of genetic material. The expansion of breeding aims includes the research of germplasm materials. In our experiments, we examined 11 blue, purple and red exotic com varieties on two locations in Hungary. We conducted a complex study to obtain more information. We studied several morphological and phenological features and determined the most important qualitative parameters (protein, fat, ash). Results show that there are great opportunities in exotic com varieties. Their quality exceeds that of the yellow ones in many cases. There are significant differences in yield and nutritional parameters. The favourable nutritional composition is not coupled with great productivity. Based on their flowering time and their agronomical features, they can be cultivated under Hungarian conditions as well. They match the new breeding aims, so they can be used as functional food or energy plants. The cultivation of alternative crops has an important role in world agriculture. Their market share is continuously growing in the food industry rector.

scholarly journals ANÁLISE DE CRESCIMENTO EM CLONES DE EUCALIPTO SUBMETIDOS A ESTRESSE HÍDRICO

Irriga ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Renata Rocha Pereira ◽  
Guilherme Sasso Ferreira Souza ◽  
Andreia Cristina Peres Rodrigues ◽  
Andre Luiz Melhorança Filho ◽  
Antonio Evaldo Klar
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Water Potentials ◽  
Absolute Growth ◽  
Hydric Stress ◽  
East West

O estudo objetivou avaliar o desempenho de genótipos de plantas de Eucalyptus urograndis (clone 105 e 433) em relação à tolerância à seca, considerando a análise de crescimento das plantas. Para tanto, plantas foram cultivadas em vasos de 8 litros em casa de vegetação. O delineamento foi em inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos contendo desesseis repetições. O manejo hídrico foi estabelecido com base em dois potenciais mínimos de água (Ψ): -0,03 e -1,5 MPa, através da pesagem diária dos vasos. O desenvolvimento das plantas foi avaliado em coletas a intervalos de 15 dias, iniciando no momento de plantio da muda no vaso até os 60 dias após plantio. Considerando-se o acúmulo de matéria seca total (MS) e o índice de área foliar da planta (IAF) como base para a determinação dos seguintes índices fisiológicos: razão de área foliar (RAF), taxa assimilatória líquida (TAL), área foliar específica (AFE), taxa de crescimento relativo (TCR) e taxa de crescimento absoluto (TCA). Nas condições do experimento, o clone 105 apresentou menor sensibilidade ao déficit hídrico, o que o qualifica como material genético promissor para ambientes sujeitos a estiagem prolongada. Já em condições em que não há restrição hídrica, os dois clones tiveram comportamento semelhantes.   UNITERMOS: Eucaliptus urograndis, índices fisiológicos, potenciais hídricos do solo     PEREIRA, M. R. R.; SOUZA, G. S. F. de; RODRIGUES, A. C. P.; MELHORANÇA FILHO, A. L.; KLAR, A. E. GROWTH ANALYSIS OF CLONE EUCALIPTUS UNDER HYDRIC STRESS     2 ABSTRACT   The aim of this study was to evaluate Eucaliptus grandis genotypes (Clones 105 and 433) in relation to drought  tolerance, through growth plant analysis.  Black PVC pots with 10 liter volume were used for cultivate plants in polyethilene greenhouse oriented east/west. Completely randonmized design with four treatments was used: two clones and two minimum soil water  potentials ( - 0.03 and -1,5 MPa) and sixteen replicates.  Pots were weighed daily in order to evaluate water content and characteristic soli water curve was determined. Plant development was obtained each 15 days from planting until 60 days  through  total dry matter (DM), leaf area index (LAI),  leaf area ratio (LAR), net assimilative ratio (NAR), specific leaf area (SLA), relative growth ratio (RGR) and absolute growth ratio (AGR). Results showed that clone 105 presented less sensibility to water deficit, which qualify it as genetic material for use under dry soil conditons.  On the other hand, both clones had similar behavior with no water restrictions.   KEYWORDS: Eucaliptus grandis, soil water potentials, morphologic measurements.  

Lentils (Lens culinaris, L.)

2017 ◽  
pp. 42-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mo'ez Al-Islam Ezzat Faris ◽  
Amita Attlee
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Pressure Lowering ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Bioactive Phytochemicals

Lentils have been part of human diet from ancient times. This chapter focuses on the nutritional composition, presence of bioactive substances, antioxidants and health rendering properties of lentils. Recent definitions have considered lentils as a prophylactic and therapeutic functional food due to its considerable content of essential macronutrients, namely functional proteins and carbohydrates, and essential micronutrients, as well as bioactive phytochemicals such as phytates and polyphenols. Indeed, the presence of an impressive arsenal of secondary metabolites, minerals and bioactive constituents in lentils have shown to be promising contributors in the management and prevention of several human chronic diseases, attributed to their anticarcinogenic, hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic and blood-pressure lowering properties.

Responses of wheat to vernalization and photoperiod

1985 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 347 ◽  
Author(s):  
JL Davidson ◽  
KR Christian ◽  
DB Jones ◽  
PM Bremner
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
Wide Range

The effects of vernalization and photoperiod on times from planting of seedlings to ear emergence were measured in 68 Australian and 49 overseas varieties of wheat, comprising a broad spectrum of genetic material, in a glasshouse in Canberra (latitude 35�S). Vernalization was carried out by growing germinated seedlings in the dark at 1-2�C for 6 weeks. Long photoperiods (16 h) separated unvernalized plants into two distinct groups, corresponding to commonly recognized spring and winter types. Responses to vernalization were generally small under natural photoperiods (11-15 h), but much more pronounced in long photoperiods, particularly with winter wheats. In a second experiment, 24 varieties of wheat gave widely different responses to vernalization treatments. With 8 weeks' vernalization and long photoperiods, all varieties reached ear emergence within 66 days, but in some winter wheats 4 weeks treatment had little effect and 6 weeks gave incomplete vernalization. Under the conditions of these experiments, Australian wheats showed a wide range of responses to photoperiod and a narrow range of responses to vernalization compared with overseas varieties. The need to investigate the control of flowering time in obtaining varieties suited to the high-rainfall zone of Australia is discussed.

scholarly journals Nutritional Composition and Role of Non-Centrifugal Sugar (NCS) in Human Health.

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samarghand Ebadi ◽  
Azrina Azlan
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Brown Sugar ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Abstract: Non-centrifugal sugar (NCS) has several traditional names, such as brown sugar (Europe & North America), Gula Melaka (Malaysia), Jaggery and Gur (India), Kokuto (Japan), Panela (Colombia) and Muscovado (Philippines). It is obtained by boiling down the sugarcane juice until its water content evaporates. NCS has various benefits for our health as it is anti-diabetic, anti-cariogenic, is an antioxidant and has radical scavenging activity due to a presence of vitamins, minerals, phenolic acids and flavonoid components as well as total antioxidant capacity. This review provides a general overview of the nutritional composition and health outcomes of NCS compared to refined sugar based on literature published in scientific journals. The NCS can be considered as a nutraceutical and functional food. However, more scientific research will be needed to confirm the outcomes and increase awareness, which could then encourage more usage of this product in sugar-based food

scholarly journals Comparative Metabolomics Profiling of Polyphenols, Nutrients and Antioxidant Activities of Two Red Onion (Allium cepa L.) Cultivars

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Metrani ◽  
Jashbir Singh ◽  
Pratibha Acharya ◽  
Guddadarangavvanahally K. Jayaprakasha ◽  
Bhimanagouda S. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Comparative Metabolomics ◽  
Total Anthocyanins

Onion is among the most widely cultivated and consumed economic crops. Onions are an excellent dietary source of polyphenols and nutrients. However, onions phytonutrient compositions vary with cultivars and growing locations. Therefore, the present study involved the evaluation of polyphenol, nutritional composition (proteins, nitrogen, and minerals), sugars, pyruvate, antioxidant, and α-amylase inhibition activities of red onion cultivars, sweet Italian, and honeysuckle grown in California and Texas, respectively. The total flavonoid for honeysuckle and sweet Italian was 449 and 345 μg/g FW, respectively. The total anthocyanin for honeysuckle onion was 103 μg/g FW, while for sweet Italian onion was 86 μg/g FW. Cyanidin-3-(6”-malonoylglucoside) and cyanidin-3-(6”-malonoyl-laminaribioside) were the major components in both the cultivars. The pungency of red onions in honeysuckle ranged between 4.9 and 7.9 μmoL/mL, whereas in sweet Italian onion ranged from 8.3 to 10 μmoL/mL. The principal component analysis was applied to determine the most important variables that separate the cultivars of red onion. Overall results indicated that total flavonoids, total phenolic content, total anthocyanins, protein, and calories for honeysuckle onions were higher than the sweet Italian onions. These results could provide information about high quality and adding value to functional food due to the phytochemicals and nutritional composition of red onions.

Lentils (Lens culinaris, L.)

2018 ◽  
pp. 361-391
Author(s):  
Mo'ez Al-Islam Ezzat Faris ◽  
Amita Attlee
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Pressure Lowering ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Bioactive Phytochemicals

Lentils have been part of human diet from ancient times. This chapter focuses on the nutritional composition, presence of bioactive substances, antioxidants and health rendering properties of lentils. Recent definitions have considered lentils as a prophylactic and therapeutic functional food due to its considerable content of essential macronutrients, namely functional proteins and carbohydrates, and essential micronutrients, as well as bioactive phytochemicals such as phytates and polyphenols. Indeed, the presence of an impressive arsenal of secondary metabolites, minerals and bioactive constituents in lentils have shown to be promising contributors in the management and prevention of several human chronic diseases, attributed to their anticarcinogenic, hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic and blood-pressure lowering properties.

Quantifying vernalization and temperature promotion effects on time of flowering of three cultivars of Medicago truncatula Gaertn

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Hochman
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
New South ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Previous Model ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Modified Model ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Agronomic Evaluation

The interaction of vernalization and high temperature promotion on the flowering time of three Medicago truncatula cultivars is examined. A previous model describing these processes is modified to account for the hypothesis that temperature promotion of flowering is subsequent to full vernalization. Both models are calibrated to minimize errors in predicting flowering dates from field observations at Condobolin and Tamworth in New South Wales. The calibrated models are then tested on data from other seasons and locations. The implications of the modified model are discussed with regard to an ideotype and to improved efficiency in agronomic evaluation of genetic material.

scholarly journals REVIEW ON THE MIRACLE ROLE OF CHIA SEEDS (SALVIA HISPANICA L.) NUTRITIONAL AND BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN THE TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDER

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamsheel Fatima Roohi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Cardiovascular Disorder ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Salvia Hispanica ◽  
Chia Seed ◽  
Salvia Hispanica L

Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) have growing research interest globally which determined it as functional food which acts as biochemical targets for the treatment of various cardiovascular disorder with reduced toxicological value. It is worldwide popular because of its nutritional, bioactive, and phytochemical compounds value, used as an ingredient in many food industries due to its high dietary fibre content value. Their consumption rate is higher in past years due to the presence of omega-3 fatty acids, proteins, amino acids (essential), and a good source of bioactive peptides. Many researchers focussed on α-linolenic acid which is the effective pioneer of maintenance of functioning of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Chia seed oil is investigated on different screening models either clinically or pre-clinically and demonstrate the levels of the serum lipid profile, diabetic severity changes. The review of the literature highlights the miracle values of the different nutritional composition, antioxidant values, phytochemical constituents, and the role of these in treatment of various cardiovascular disorder such as hypertension, inflammation, atherosclerosis, diabetes. The review highlights antioxidants values, which change the enzyme activities of the liver, blood. There is need to more focussed on the mechanistic approaches on the pharmacological aspects of the chia seeds with respective biological compounds in either clinical trial and animal screening trial before applied to it as a functional food for the therapeutic action in the treatment of diseases. Keywords: Salvia hispanica L. (Chia), Antioxidants, Biological properties of Salvia hispanica L. (Chia).

scholarly journals Evaluation of Chemical, Functional, Spectral, and Thermal Characteristics of Sargassum wightii and Ulva rigida from Indian Coast

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yogesh Kumar ◽  
Ayon Tarafdar ◽  
Deepak Kumar ◽  
Kiran Verma ◽  
Manjeet Aggarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Ulva Rigida ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Sargassum Wightii ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Swelling Capacity

Usage of seaweeds as a functional food/food ingredient is very limited due to paucity of scientific information about variations in the nutritional composition of seaweeds under diverse climatic conditions. Sargassum wightii and Ulva rigida seaweeds are found abundantly on the Southern Indian coastline and were thoroughly evaluated in this work. Crude fiber and lipid of S. wightii were higher (24.93 ± 0.23% and 3.09 ± 0.41%, respectively) as compared to U. rigida; however, U. rigida had higher crude protein content (27.11 ± 0.62%). Evaluation of mineral and CHNS content indicated that the concentration of potassium, magnesium, and calcium was 1.36 ± 0.08 mg/g, 8.39 ± 0.80 mg/g, and 14.03 ± 3.46 mg/g, respectively, that was higher in the S. wightii, whereas U. rigida contained higher value of iron, carbon, and sulphur (0.70 ± 0.13 mg/g, 37.72 ± 4.63%, and 2.61 ± 0.16%, respectively). Swelling capacity (19.42 ± 0.00 mL/g DW to 22.66 ± 00 mL/g DW), water-holding capacity (6.15 ± 0.08 g/g DW to 6.38 ± 0.14 g/g DW), and oil-holding capacity (2.96 ± 0.13 g/g DW) of U. rigida were significantly ( p < 0.05 ) higher as compared to S. wightii. It was observed from DSC thermograms that S. wightii can be safely processed for food formulations even at a temperature of 134°C. The thermograms also revealed changes in the sulphated polysaccharide (fucoidan) profile due to the presence of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups with denaturation of proteins. TGA of S. wightii and U. rigida showed degradation temperature within the range of 200–300°C due to divergent polysaccharide compositions. FTIR spectroscopy suggested the presence of phenolic groups in both seaweeds (at 1219 cm−1). Results of the study suggested that the manufacturing of functional food products from seaweeds could be beneficial and may aid in social upliftment of cultivators/fishermen.

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