scholarly journals LOGISTICA 4.0 NO AUXÍLIO DE TRANSPORTE DE INSULINA / LOGISTICS 4.0 IN INSULIN TRANSPORT AID

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 24781-24798
Author(s):  
Danillo Marcus F. M. do Monte
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Transport

Gastrointestinal Region Specific Insulin Permeation Enhancement by Aloe vera Gel

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
Elizca Pretorius ◽  
Clarissa Willers ◽  
Josias H. Hamman ◽  
Johan D. Steyn
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Diffusion Chamber ◽  
Proximal Jejunum ◽  
Absorption Enhancers ◽  
Permeation Enhancement ◽  
Insulin Transport ◽  
Aloe Vera Gel ◽  
Specific Insulin

Background: The oral administration route is still the most preferred by patients for drug treatment, but is unfortunately not suitable for all drug compounds. For example, protein and peptide drugs (e.g. insulin) are typically administered via injection seeing as they are unstable in the gastrointestinal luminal environment and have poor membrane permeation properties. To overcome this problem, functional excipients such as drug absorption enhancers can be co-administered. Although Aloe vera gel has the ability to improve the permeation of drugs across the intestinal epithelium, its drug permeation enhancing effect has not been investigated in the different regions of the gastrointestinal tract yet. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the insulin permeation enhancing effects of A. vera gel material across excised pig intestinal tissues from different regions of the gastrointestinal tract and to identify the gastrointestinal region where the highest insulin permeation enhancement was achieved. : Insulin transport across excised pig intestinal tissues from the duodenum, proximal jejunum, medial jejunum, distal jejunum, ileum and colon was measured in the absence and presence of A. vera gel (0.5% w/v) using both the Sweetana-Grass diffusion chamber and everted sac techniques. Results: The insulin permeation results obtained from both ex vivo techniques showed varied permeation enhancing effects of A. vera gel as a function of the different regions of the gastrointestinal tract. The colon was identified as the gastrointestinal region where A. vera gel was the most effective in terms of insulin permeation enhancement in the Sweetana-Grass diffusion chamber technique with a Papp value of 5.50 x 10-7 cm.s-1, whereas the ileum was the region where the highest permeation enhancement occurred in the everted sac technique with a Papp value of 5.45 x 10-7 cm.s-1. Conclusion: The gastrointestinal permeation enhancing effects of A. vera gel on insulin is region specific with the highest effect observed in the ileum and colon.

scholarly journals Trans-Endothelial Insulin Transport is Impaired in Skeletal Muscle Capillaries of Obese Male Mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian M Williams ◽  
P Mason McClatchey ◽  
Deanna P Bracy ◽  
Jeffrey S Bonner ◽  
Francisco A Valenzuela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Insulin Delivery ◽  
Capillary Endothelium ◽  
Sustained Delivery ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Insulin Transport ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
In Trans ◽  
Muscle Capillaries

ABSTRACTDelivery of insulin to the surface of myocytes is required for skeletal muscle (SkM) insulin action. Previous studies have shown that SkM insulin delivery is reduced in the setting of obesity and insulin resistance (IR). The key variables that control SkM insulin delivery are 1) microvascular perfusion and 2) the rate at which insulin moves across the continuous endothelium of SkM capillaries. Obesity and IR are associated with reduced insulin-stimulated SkM perfusion. Whether an impairment in trans-endothelial insulin transport (EIT) contributes to SkM IR, however, is unknown. We hypothesized that EIT would be delayed in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity (DIO) and IR. Using intravital insulin imaging, we found that DIO male mice have a ~15% reduction in EIT compared to their lean counterparts. This impairment in EIT is associated with a 45% reduction in the density of endothelial vesicles. Despite impaired EIT, hyperinsulinemia sustained delivery of insulin to the interstitial space in DIO male mice. Even with maintained interstitial insulin delivery DIO male mice still showed SkM IR, indicating severe myocyellular IR in this model. Interestingly, there was no difference in EIT, endothelial ultrastructure or SkM insulin sensitivity between lean and high fat diet-fed female mice. These results suggest that, in male mice, obesity results in damage to the capillary endothelium which limits the capacity for EIT.

Intracellular pathways of insulin transport across vascular endothelial cells

1988 ◽  
Vol 255 (4) ◽  
pp. C459-C464 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L. Hachiya ◽  
P. A. Halban ◽  
G. L. King
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Insulin Degradation ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Aortic Endothelial Cells ◽  
Lysosomal Protease ◽  
Insulin Transport ◽  
Bovine Aortic Endothelial Cells ◽  
Aortic Endothelial

Processing and transport of hormones across vascular endothelial cells may modulate hormone action at subendothelial tissue sites. Insulin was transported across cultured rat capillary and bovine aortic endothelial cells, after a delay of 5-10 min, at a constant rate for 60 min at 37 degrees C. 125I-labeled insulin transport was inhibited by 88 +/- 11% (SE, n = 4) and 75 +/- 18% (SE, n = 4) in the presence of anti-insulin receptor antibody and unlabeled insulin (at 10(-7) M), respectively. Reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography showed 88% of the 125I-insulin transported over 60 min was indistinguishable from the 125I-insulin added to the cells at 4 degrees C. In aortic endothelial cells preincubated with 2.3 x 10(-9) M of insulin for 24 h, insulin receptor binding was downregulated by 67%, and 125I-insulin transport was decreased by 52 +/- 11%. The proton ionophore monensin (0.05 mM) increased the internalized insulin in bovine aortic endothelial cells by 78%, with a corresponding decrease in 125I-insulin released by 76 +/- 2% (SE, n = 4). 125I-insulin transport across the aortic endothelial cell monolayer was similarly decreased (54 +/- 12%, SE, n = 4) by monensin. In contrast, the lysosomal protease inhibitor leupeptin had no effect. Degradation and transport were similarly dissociated by low temperature. At 15 degrees C, no significant insulin degradation was detected, whereas 125I-insulin release from the cells continued at 30 +/- 3% of the rate at 37 degrees C.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Delayed insulin transport across endothelium in insulin-resistant JCR:LA-cp rats

Diabetes ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 803-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Wascher ◽  
G. Wolkart ◽  
J. C. Russell ◽  
F. Brunner
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Insulin Transport

Goblet cell-targeting nanoparticles for oral insulin delivery and the influence of mucus on insulin transport

Biomaterials ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 1573-1582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Jin ◽  
Yupin Song ◽  
Xi Zhu ◽  
Dan Zhou ◽  
Chunhui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Goblet Cell ◽  
Insulin Delivery ◽  
Oral Insulin ◽  
Cell Targeting ◽  
Insulin Transport

scholarly journals Reversal of Diet-Induced Obesity Increases Insulin Transport into Cerebrospinal Fluid and Restores Sensitivity to the Anorexic Action of Central Insulin in Male Rats

Endocrinology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 1047-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denovan P. Begg ◽  
Joram D. Mul ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Brianne M. Reedy ◽  
David A. D'Alessio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Insulin Transport ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Abstract Diet-induced obesity (DIO) reduces the ability of centrally administered insulin to reduce feeding behavior and also reduces the transport of insulin from the periphery to the central nervous system (CNS). The current study was designed to determine whether reversal of high-fat DIO restores the anorexic efficacy of central insulin and whether this is accompanied by restoration of the compromised insulin transport. Adult male Long-Evans rats were initially maintained on either a low-fat chow diet (LFD) or a high-fat diet (HFD). After 22 weeks, half of the animals on the HFD were changed to the LFD, whereas the other half continued on the HFD for an additional 8 weeks, such that there were 3 groups: 1) a LFD control group (Con; n = 18), 2) a HFD-fed, DIO group (n = 17), and 3) a HFD to LFD, DIO-reversal group (DIO-rev; n = 18). The DIO reversal resulted in a significant reduction of body weight and epididymal fat weight relative to the DIO group. Acute central insulin administration (8 mU) reduced food intake and caused weight loss in Con and DIO-rev but not DIO rats. Fasting cerebrospinal fluid insulin was higher in DIO than Con animals. However, after a peripheral bolus injection of insulin, cerebrospinal fluid insulin increased in Con and DIO-rev rats but not in the DIO group. These data provide support for previous reports that DIO inhibits both the central effects of insulin and insulin's transport to the CNS. Importantly, DIO-rev restored sensitivity to the effects of central insulin on food intake and insulin transport into the CNS.

scholarly journals Unravelling the regulation of insulin transport across the brain endothelial cell

Diabetologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1512-1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Gray ◽  
Kevin W. Aylor ◽  
Eugene J. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Brain Endothelial Cell ◽  
Insulin Transport ◽  
The Brain
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