Lymphocyte function following radioiodine therapy in patients with thyroid carcinoma

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (05) ◽  
pp. 195-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Barsegian ◽  
S. P. Müller ◽  
P. A. Horn ◽  
A. Bockisch ◽  
M. Lindemann
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Radioiodine Therapy ◽  
Lymphocyte Transformation ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Lymphocyte Transformation Test ◽  
Lymphocyte Function ◽  
Lymphocyte Responses

SummaryAim: Since the nuclear disaster in Fukushima has raised great concern about the danger of radioactivity, we here addressed the question if the therapeutic use of iodine 131, the most frequently applied radionuclide, was harmful to immune function in patients. It was our aim to define for the first time in a clinical setting how radioiodine therapy alters anti-microbial immune responses. Patients, methods: In 21 patients with thyroid carcinoma anti-microbial lymphocyte responses were assessed by lymphocyte transformation test and ELISpot – measuring lymphocyte proliferation and on a single cell level production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (interferon-γ and interleukin- 10) – prior to therapy, at day 1 and day 7 post therapy. Results: Proliferative lymphocyte responses and interferon-γ production after in vitro stimulation with microbial antigens were significantly (p < 0.05) increased at day 1 vs. pre therapy, and returned to pre therapy levels at day 7. On the contrary, at day 1 interleukin-10 production was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced. Thus, we observed a short-term increase in pro-inflammatory immune responses. However, T lymphocyte responses were in the range of healthy controls at all three time points. Conclusion: Thyroid carcinoma patients receiving radioiodine therapy do not display any sign of immunosuppression.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C virus (HCV) specific immune responses in anti-HCV positive patients without hepatitis C viraemia

Gut ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
M E Cramp ◽  
P Carucci ◽  
S Rossol ◽  
S Chokshi ◽  
G Maertens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Lymphocyte Activation ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Lymphocyte Responses

BACKGROUND/AIMSMost patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) develop chronic infection and persistent viraemia. The immune mechanisms responsible for resolution of viraemia remain poorly understood. HCV specific humoral and cellular immune responses in patients with and without viraemia were investigated.METHODSIn vitro T helper (TH) lymphocyte responses to structural and non-structural HCV proteins were determined by means of proliferative response and cytokine production in 35 anti-HCV positive/HCV RNA negative patients and in 31 patients with chronic HCV infection and persistent viraemia. Humoral responses were determined by measuring HCV specific antibody quantity and specificity.RESULTSA TH response to two or more HCV proteins was present in 18 of 35 patients with serological viral clearance compared with just one of 31 viraemic patients (p = 0.00001). HCV specific interferon-γ production was increased only in the former group. In contrast, the antibody levels were significantly lower and directed at fewer HCV antigens in patients with undetectable HCV RNA.CONCLUSIONSPatients without viraemia after HCV infection frequently have strong TH lymphocyte responses of the TH1 type to multiple HCV antigens many years after the onset of infection, whereas antibody responses are less marked. These results suggest that control of HCV replication may depend on effective TH lymphocyte activation.

Studies on the development and role of some cell-mediated immune responses in experimental toxocarosis in mice

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Wnukowska ◽  
Tadeusz Dzbeński
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Lymphocyte Transformation ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Lymphocyte Transformation Test ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Test Pieces

AbstractThe studies were undertaken to investigate the development of some cell-mediated immune responses in experimental toxocarosis in mice and to assess the influence of these responses on the course of infection. Mice were infected orally with 350 eggs of Toxocara canis and reinfected with the same dose of parasites after 8 weeks. Groups of infected animals were killed each week of the experiments to obtain spleens, livers and brains for further studies. Lymphocytes from removed spleens were analysed by flow-cytometry for CD4 and CD8 expression and cultured in vitro to measure their responses to Concanavalin A and excretory-secretory (ES) antigen of T. canis in a lymphocyte transformation test. Pieces of livers were used to prepare paraffin sections to be stained later with haematoxylin and eosin, whereas whole brains of the infected animals were examined for the presence of parasite larvae. The results of the studies showed depression of T-cell responses to ConA in early stages of infection and significant increase in the blastogenic responses to the ES antigen from week 4 following infection. The depression of T-cell responses was accompanied by lowered CD4+/CD8+ ratio resulting from increased percentages of CD8+ T cells. Histopathological examination of liver sections revealed trapping of larvae in T. canis reinfected mice. The intensity of infection as measured by larval recoveries from the brains of mice increased gradually up to the 8th week of infection, but did not show significant changes after reinfection, testifying to the development of long-lasting protective immunity during primary infection.

Diagnostic methods for confirming drug-allergy – the lymphocyte transformation test in dermatology

2008 ◽  
Vol 149 (24) ◽  
pp. 1107-1114
Author(s):  
Sarolta Makó ◽  
Réka Lepesi-Benkő ◽  
Márta Marschalkó ◽  
Gyöngyvér Soós ◽  
Sarolta Kárpáti
Keyword(s):  
Drug Allergy ◽  
Lymphocyte Transformation ◽  
Lymphocyte Transformation Test ◽  
Diagnostic Methods

A gyógyszermellékhatások felismerése és a tüneteket kiváltó gyógyszer oki szerepének bizonyítása komoly felkészültséget igényel. E közlemény célja a gyógyszerallergiás reakciók diagnosztikai lehetőségeinek rövid áttekintése és a lymphocytatranszformációs teszt gyógyszer-hiperszenzitivitási reakciókban való bizonyító szerepének bőrgyógyászati szempontok szerinti értékelése. A lymphocytatranszformációs teszt azon a megfigyelésen alapul, hogy a gyógyszerrel való első találkozáskor kialakult antigénspecifikus T-sejtek osztódni kezdenek az antigénnel való in vitro megismételt találkozás után. A szenzibilizációt az osztódó T-sejtekbe történő 3 H-timidin-beépülés mértéke jelzi. A hatóanyag-specifikus T-sejtek szinte mindig részt vesznek a gyógyszerallergiás reakciókban, ezért a vizsgálat előnye, hogy sok gyógyszernél és különböző immunreakciók eseteiben egyaránt jól alkalmazható. Hátránya a munkaigényesség, valamint az, hogy specificitásának és szenzitivitásának bizonyításához hiányoznak a széles körű, nagy beteganyagon elvégzett tanulmányok. Emiatt a teszt nem egyértelműen elfogadott a gyógyszerallergia igazolására. Hiányosságai ellenére azonban, jobb prediktív értékű egyéb vizsgálatok hiányában, a lymphocytatranszformációs tesztnek fontos szerepe van a gyógyszerallergiák diagnosztizálása terén.

scholarly journals TO010A NEW IMMUN-TOXICOLOGICAL TEST TO DETECT POLYSULFONE HYPERSENSITIVITY IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Beige ◽  
Ralph Wendt ◽  
Despina Rüssmann ◽  
Karl-Peter Ringel
Keyword(s):  
False Negative ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
Lymphocyte Transformation ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Lymphocyte Transformation Test ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Positive Results

Abstract Background and Aims Incompatibility of dialysis procedure due to hypersensitivity against dialyzer material which currently is mainly based on polysulfone and derivatives can not be assessed by routine laboratory tests. Although the frequency of such symptoms is suspected to be low (below 2%) such resembles an important clinical problem because dialysis procedures are frequently accompanied by symptoms of non-tolerability with reasons not being entirely clear while circulatory reasons are suspected to play a major role. Method To enlighten the role of polysulfone hypersensitivity, we adapted known standardized material immune-toxicological tests (lymphocyte transformation test, basophil degranulation test) to the specific conditions of dialysis and polysulfone material sensitivity. We developed a method of polysulfone micronisation and measured humoral immune response of isolated patient´s lymphocytes when incubated with polysulfone dispersion. Results 39 samples from 103 patients with suspected polysulfone hypersensitivity showed positive results for type 1 (n=19), type 4 (n=18) or both type (n=2) reactions. There were no significant differences in the level of stimulation measured for DI, SI and lymphogenesis before and after dialysis (average delta -0.4; -0.28; - 1.74, p = 0.71; 0.34; 0.37) and with different dialyzer materials (Tab. 1). Patients with pos. type 4 results (LTT and lymphogenesis) showed highly correlated results in either LTT or lymphogenesis test (Fig. 1, R=0.87, p&lt;0.0001). 8 out of 8 samples from patients with repeated test on different PS showed positive results on either PS. One patient tested positive on PS showed no hypersensitivity with another non-PS (PMMA) material. Conclusion This is the first methodological report showing plausible in-vitro results of patients samples concerning polysulfone intolerance. On the first superficial view, a “false-negative” rate of 60% looks rather disappointing, because all samples derived from patients with suspicion of PS hypersensitivity. However, due to the clinical variability of intolerance symptoms and the high prevalence of any problems after HD initiation, mainly of circulatory origin after initiating extracorporeal circuit, this rate may obviously express the true frequency of isolated PS material hypersensitivity in suspected patients. Alternative pathophysiological pathways of material sensitivity like complement activation, remain to be elucidated and incorporated into a comprehensive future testing panel. Further clinical and laboratory research is needed to define true polysulfone hypersensitivity and to enlighten the field of hypothetic subclinical material incompatibility in patients with impaired dialysis tolerability.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Compromises Lymphocyte Function in Neonatal Dairy Calves

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Wilmer Cuervo ◽  
Lorraine M. Sordillo ◽  
Angel Abuelo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Lymphocyte Activation ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Lymphocyte Function ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
The Impact

Dairy calves are unable to mount an effective immune response during their first weeks of life, which contributes to increased disease susceptibility during this period. Oxidative stress (OS) diminishes the immune cell capabilities of humans and adult cows, and dairy calves also experience OS during their first month of life. However, the impact that OS may have on neonatal calf immunity remains unexplored. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the impact of OS on newborn calf lymphocyte functions. For this, we conducted two experiments. First, we assessed the association of OS status throughout the first month of age and the circulating concentrations of the cytokines interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL) 4, as well as the expression of cytokine-encoding genes IFNG, IL2, IL4, and IL10 in peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PBMCs) of 12 calves. Subsequently, we isolated PBMCs from another 6 neonatal calves to investigate in vitro the effect of OS on immune responses in terms of activation of lymphocytes, cytokine expression, and antibody production following stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or bovine herpesvirus-1. The results were compared statistically through mixed models. Calves exposed to high OS status in their first month of age showed higher concentrations of IL-4 and expression of IL4 and IL10 and lower concentrations of IFN-γ and expression of IFNG and IL2 than calves exposed to lower OS. In vitro, OS reduced lymphocyte activation, production of antibodies, and protein and gene expression of key cytokines. Collectively, our results demonstrate that OS can compromise some immune responses of newborn calves. Hence, further studies are needed to explore the mechanisms of how OS affects the different lymphocyte subsets and the potential of ameliorating OS in newborn calves as a strategy to augment the functional capacity of calf immune cells, as well as enhance calves’ resistance to infections.

scholarly journals Endothelial Cells Require STAT3 for Protection against Endotoxin-induced Inf lammation

2003 ◽  
Vol 198 (10) ◽  
pp. 1517-1525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arihiro Kano ◽  
Michael J. Wolfgang ◽  
Qian Gao ◽  
Joerg Jacoby ◽  
Gui-Xuan Chai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Endotoxic Shock ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Lps Challenge

Endothelial cells (ECs) are believed to be an important component in the protection from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxic shock. However, the cellular and molecular mechanism is not well defined. Here, we report that signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 is an essential regulator of the antiinflammatory function of ECs in systemic immunity. Because STAT3 deficiency results in early embryonic lethality, we have generated mice with a conditional STAT3 deletion in endothelium (STAT3E−/−). STAT3E−/− mice are healthy and fertile, and isolated ECs initiate normal tube formation in vitro. Conditional endothelial but not organ-specific (i.e., hepatocyte or cardiomyocyte) STAT3 knockout mice show an increased susceptibility to lethality after LPS challenge. The LPS response in STAT3E−/− mice shows exaggerated inflammation and leukocyte infiltration in multiple organs combined with elevated activity of serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, indicating organ damage. Concomitantly, proinflammatory cytokines are produced at an exaggerated level and for a prolonged period. This defect cannot be explained by lack of antiinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin 10 and transforming growth factor β. Instead, we have shown that a soluble activity derived from endothelia and dependent on STAT3 is critical for suppression of interferon γ. These data define STAT3 signaling within endothelia as a critical antiinflammatory mediator and provide new insight to the protective function of ECs in inflammation.

The behavioural, endocrine and immune responses of suckled calves to weaning and creep-feeding

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 ◽  
pp. 200-200
Author(s):  
A.M. Mackenzie ◽  
T.G. Rowan ◽  
S.D. Carter ◽  
J.B. Dixon ◽  
J. Tebble
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Lymphocyte Transformation ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Lymphocyte Transformation Test ◽  
Creep Feeding ◽  
Keyhole Limpet Haemocyanin ◽  
Humoral Responses ◽  
Immune Changes ◽  
The Relationship

The effects of husbandry conditions on the immune responses of suckled and bucket-reared calves has previously been reported by Mackenzie et al. (1993 a; 1993b; 1994) and there was a trend for weaning to result in decreased lymphocyte transformation test responses to mitogens along with increased humoral responses to the antigen keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH). Mean worker have made measurements of behavioural, endocrine and immune responses to attempt to determine the welfare status of domestic animals. However, there have been few studies where attempts have been made to measure all three parameters together. This pilot study was designed to investigate the relationship between husbandry conditions which may result in behavioural, endocrine and immune changes and to consider possible relationships in these parameters.

scholarly journals Investigation of Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Function during Allorejection in the Anterior Chamber of the Eye

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4660
Author(s):  
Hsin-Fang Chang ◽  
Marie-Louise Wirkner ◽  
Elmar Krause ◽  
Jens Rettig
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
T Helper Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Diabetes Research ◽  
Lymphocyte Function ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Helper Cells

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) are an essential part of our immune system by killing infected and malignant cells. To fully understand this process, it is necessary to study CTL function in the physiological setting of a living organism to account for their interplay with other immune cells like CD4+ T helper cells and macrophages. The anterior chamber of the eye (ACE), originally developed for diabetes research, is ideally suited for non-invasive and longitudinal in vivo imaging. We take advantage of the ACE window to observe immune responses, particularly allorejection of islets of Langerhans cells by CTLs. We follow the onset of the rejection after vascularization on islets until the end of the rejection process for about a month by repetitive two-photon microscopy. We find that CTLs show reduced migration on allogeneic islets in vivo compared to in vitro data, indicating CTL activation. Interestingly, the temporal infiltration pattern of T cells during rejection is precisely regulated, showing enrichment of CD4+ T helper cells on the islets before arrival of CD8+ CTLs. The adaptation of the ACE to immune responses enables the examination of the mechanism and regulation of CTL-mediated killing in vivo and to further investigate the killing in gene-deficient mice that resemble severe human immune diseases.

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