scholarly journals Radiographic and computed tomographic assessment of the development of the antebrachia and elbow joints in Labrador Retrievers with and without medial coronoid disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 186-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. W. Hazewinkel ◽  
G. Voorhout ◽  
S. F. Lau
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Length Ratio ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Secondary Ossification Centres ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Joint Congruence ◽  
Labrador Retrievers

SummaryObjectives: To compare the development, monitored by radiography and computed tomography, of the antebrachia and elbow joints in seven Labrador Retrievers with healthy elbow joints and in seven Labrador Retrievers that developed medial coronoid disease (MCD), in order to determine whether disturbances in the development of the antebrachia and elbow joints, between the age of six and 17 weeks may lead to medial coronoid disease.Methods: A prospective study of 14 Labrador Retrievers in their active growth stage was performed. The development of the antebrachia and elbow joints was assessed between six and 17 weeks of age using radio graphy and computed tomography determining the development of secondary ossification centres, radioulnar length ratio, radial angulation, and inter-relationship between the humerus, ulna and radius.Results: For the parameters of ossification of secondary ossification centres, radioulnar length ratio, radial angulation, and joint congruence evaluation, there was no significant difference in the development of the ante-brachia and elbow joints of seven Labrador Retrievers positive and seven Labrador Retrievers negative for MCD at the age of six to 17 weeks.Clinical significance: These findings demonstrate that the development of MCD in the Labrador Retrievers in our study was not related to any disturbance in the development of the antebrachia and elbow joints during the rapid growth phase.

Diagnosis and t-staging of gastric cancer: comparison of standard computed tomography and computed-tomographic pneumogastrography

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
Inna D. Amelina ◽  
Lev N. Shevkunov ◽  
Aleksey M. Karachun ◽  
Alexander E. Mikhnin ◽  
Denis V. Nesterov
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Subtotal Resection ◽  
Standard Protocol ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
T Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Virtual Gastroscopy

The advantages of computed tomographic pneumogastrography with the possibility of three-dimensional visualization and virtual gastroscopy in diagnosing gastric cancer are considered. The study included 479 patients with histologically diagnosed gastric cancer who were treated at the National Medical Research Center of Oncology named after N.N. Petrov from 2011 to 2018. 232 patients received preoperative chemotherapy. All patients underwent surgery: 70 in the volume of endoscopic dissection, 40 proximal subtotal resection, 166 distal subtotal resection, 203 gastrectomy. All patients at the preoperative stage underwent staging computed tomography on a 64-slice X-ray computed tomograph: 208 patients underwent computed tomography according to the standard protocol without targeted preparation of the stomach for the study, 271 patients with targeted preparation of the stomach for the study according to the computed tomographic pneumogastrography protocol. The sensitivity of the computed tomography in assessing the T-stage was assessed by comparison with pathomorphological data. Of the 208 patients who underwent computed tomography according to the standard protocol, a gastric cancer was detected in 111 (53.4%), out of 271 patients who underwent computed tomography pneumogastrography, a gastric cancer was detected in 267 (98.52%), which is a statistically significant difference in comparing computed tomography methods (Pearson, 144.223, df = 1; p 0.001). There are statistically significant differences when comparing computed tomography according to the standard protocol and computed tomographic pneumogastrography in detecting gastric cancer for all tumor categories: T/yT1 8.2 and 94.4% (Pearson, 99.205, df = 1; p 0.001), T/yT2 47.8 and 100% (Pearson, 24.681, df = 1; p 0.001), T/yT3 72.3 and 100% (Pearson, 33.114, df = 1; p 0.001), T/yT4 90.0 and 100% (Pearson, 4.789, df = 1; p = 0.029) respectively. There are also statistically significant differences when comparing the sensitivity of computed tomography according to the standard protocol and computed tomographic pneumogastrography in determining tumor invasion for all tumor categories: T/yT1 0 and 69.4% (Pearson, 67.880, df = 1; p 0.001), T/yT2 26.1 and 71.1% (Pearson, 11.666, df = 1; p 0.001), T/yT3 32.9 and 84.6% (Pearson, 54.900, df = 1; p 0.001), T/yT4 73.3 and 95.7% (Pearson, 7.916, df = 1; p = 0.005) respectively. In general, the sensitivity of the computed tomography according to the standard protocol for determining the T-stage of gastric cancer was 28.4%, computed tomographic pneumogastrography 77.1% (Pearson, 113.505, df = 1; p 0.001). Computed tomographic pneumogastrography with the possibility of three-dimensional visualization and virtual gastroscopy significantly increases the indicators of the effectiveness of diagnosing gastric cancer both early forms (category T1) and with deeper invasion (categories T2T4), demonstrates high sensitivity in determining T/yT-stages.

scholarly journals A study on maxillary sinus dimensions by computed tomography in population of Tamil Nadu

2016 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 091-096
Author(s):  
N Muthukumaravel ◽  
K.Y Manjunath
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Average Width ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Maxillary Sinuses

Abstract Background and aims: Maxillary sinuses are the largest of the paranasal sinuses known for variability in their dimensions. The maxillary sinus dimensions can be better ascertained in living by using computed tomography instead of plain radiography. This study was planned for highlighting the variations in the dimensions of the maxillary sinuses of population of Tamil Nadu region. The aims of the present study were to estimate dimensions of the maxillary sinuses on computed tomographic (CT) scan of the head of patients from Tamil Nadu and to compare the data gender wise and sidewise. Material and methods: Maximum width, height and depth of maxillary sinus of both sides were measured in CT - head images of 100 males and 100 females of 20-50 years of age in Tamil Nadu. Comparison of data between genders and sides by applying unpaired student "t" test was done. Results : The mean depth, height and width of both right and left maxillary sinuses were comparatively less in females than the males and the difference was found to be statistically significant ( P <.0001). On comparison between the sides of maxillary sinuses, the depth and the height of maxillary sinus did not show any significant difference in the measurements (p >.05), whereas the width of the left side (23.96 mm) was higher than that of the right side (23.69) and the difference was found to be statistically significant (P<.05). The combined average maxillary sinus dimensions (in mm) for both genders in the study population of Tamil Nadu are as follows: Right side depth: 33.71 ± 1.00; Left side depth : 33.65 ± 1.22; Right side height: 34.66 ± 2.71; Left side height: 34.74± 2.48; Right side width: 23.69 ± 0.78 and Left side width: 23.96 ± 0.86. Conclusion: The dimensions of maxillary sinuses in males were found to be larger than those of females and this difference was statistically significant. The average width of the maxillary sinuses on the left side is significantly more than that of right sided sinuses. Computed tomography measurements of maxillary sinuses may be useful in gender determination.

scholarly journals Evaluation of mandibular volume classified by vertical skeletal dimensions with cone-beam computed tomography

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 949-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takatoshi Nakawaki ◽  
Tetsutaro Yamaguchi ◽  
Daisuke Tomita ◽  
Yu Hikita ◽  
Mohamed Adel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Tomographic Images ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
Lateral Cephalometry

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the relationship between anteroposterior and vertical differences in maxillofacial morphology and mandibular volume. Materials and Methods: Subjects comprised 213 Japanese adults (84 males and 129 females) who were divided into three groups based on mandibular basal arch (ANB) and Wits, measured in a cephalometric analysis: Class I (−1° ≤ ANB &lt; 4°,−1 mm ≤ Wits &lt; 0 mm), Class II (ANB ≥ 4°, Wits ≥ 0), and Class III (ANB &lt;−1°, Wits &lt;−1 mm). Subjects were also divided into three groups based on the mandibular plane angle (Mp), as follows: hypodivergent (Mp &lt; 23°), normodivergent (Mp  =  23–30°), and hyperdivergent (Mp &gt; 30°) groups. Mandibular volume was measured from cone-beam computed tomographic images that were analyzed using Analyze™ image processing software and compared among the three groups in each classification. Results: No significant differences were noted in mandibular volume among Classes I, II, and III. An inverse relationship was found between mandibular volume and Mp, and a significant difference was noted in mandibular volume between the hypodivergent and hyperdivergent groups. Conclusions: In addition to two-dimensional analysis, such as lateral cephalometry, three-dimensional information such as volume, provided by cone-beam computed tomography, contributes to a more detailed assessment of maxillofacial morphology.

scholarly journals A prospective study on the diagnosis of peripheral lung cancer using endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath and computed tomography-guided transthoracic needle aspiration

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 175883401775226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhu ◽  
Feng Tang ◽  
Ye Gu
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Peripheral Lung Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Endobronchial Ultrasonography ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Peripheral Lung ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: It is difficult to collect peripheral lung cancer samples. This study analyzed the applicability of endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath (EBUS-GS) and computed tomography-guided transthoracic needle aspiration (CT-TTNA) for the diagnosis of peripheral lung cancer. Methods: A prospective analysis of peripheral lung cancer patients was performed. The study included 150 cases in the EBUS-GS group and 177 cases in the CT-TTNA group. The diagnostic rate, pathological type, genetic status and complications were analyzed. Results: The diagnosis rates were 64.0% and 97.7% in the EBUS-GS and CT-TTNA groups, respectively. The EBUS-GS group had undergone the most operations of the upper lobes of both lungs, while there was no significant difference in the operation distribution among the lobes in the CT-TTNA group. Adenocarcinoma (64 cases versus 51 cases) was most commonly observed in both groups, followed by squamous cell carcinoma. The detection rates of patients who were given a genetic test were 96.1% and 98.9% in the EBUS-GS and CT-TTNA groups, respectively. The incidence of complications in the EBUS-GS group was significantly less than that in the CT-TTNA group. Conclusions: EBUS-GS and CT-TTNA both had operational limitations. The diagnostic rate of EBUS-GS was lower than that of CT-TTNA, but there were fewer complications. CT-TTNA had better tolerance. According to the specific location of the lesion, we recommend EBUS-GS for lesions with a diameter ⩽30 mm and CT-TTNA for lesions with a diameter >30 mm. CT-TTNA specimens were advantageous for genetic testing.

Correlation of Clinical and Computed Tomographic Diagnosis in Patients of Cerebrovascular Disease

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-108
Author(s):  
RN Sarker ◽  
AF Rabbi ◽  
MZ Hossain ◽  
A Hossain ◽  
MA Quddus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intracranial Lesions

Objective: To find out the correlation of clinical and computed tomographic diagnosis in patients of cerebrovascular disease (CVD). Materials and Methods: Clinical and computed tomographic diagnoses were compared in 133 patients who were diagnosed clinically as CVD and underwent computed tomography (CT) scan of brain for confirmation of their clinical condition. The study was done in Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from July, 2003 to June, 2004. Results: Of the 99 clinically diagnosed infarct cases, 82 cases were proved to be correct on CT scan. 25 out of the 34 provisionally diagnosed cases of haemorrhagic CVD were confirmed to have the same by CT scan. 4 cases were found normal and 10 cases as intracranial tumours in CT scan which were clinically diagnosed as CVD. 6 cases diagnosed clinically as haemorrhagic CVD were finally proved to be ischaemic CVD by CT scan and 6 cases diagnosed clinically as ischaemic infarction were confirmed as intracranial haemorrhage. No significant difference was found in between clinical diagnosis and CT scan diagnosis (p> 0.001). Conclusion: Clinical and CT scan diagnosis in patients of cerebrovascular disease correlate well. Therefore, a careful neurologic assessment combined with CT scan of brain is useful in diagnosing specific cerebrovascular lesion for specific therapeutic implications with high certainty. Moreover, CT scan can exclude other intracranial lesions those mimic CVD clinically. Key words: Cerebrovascular disease (CVD); clinical diagnosis; computed tomography (CT). DOI: 10.3329/jdmc.v19i2.7078J Dhaka Med Coll. 2010; 19(2) : 102-108

scholarly journals Comparison of Canal Transportation, Centering Ratio by Cone-beam Computed Tomography after Preparation with Different File Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 360-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevinç Aktemur Türker ◽  
Emel Uzunoglu
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
File Systems ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Friedman Test ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Apical Transportation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Canal Transportation

ABSTRACT Aim One Shape Apical 1 (OSA 1) is a new file for preparing the apical aspect of the root canal after One Shape (OS, Micro Mega, Besançon, France). This study compared apical transportation and centering ratios in curved root canals, which were instrumented with ProTaper Next (PTN, Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK) up to size X3 and with OS up to OSA 1. Materials and methods Forty-eight mesial canals of mandibular molars were assigned into two groups (n = 24) with respect to canal length and curvature. Root canals were accessed conventionally and preperation was completed with PTN files up to X3 or with OS up to OSA 1 according to the manufacturer's protocols. Apical transportation was assessed pre- and postinstrumentation using cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) scans of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mm sections. A Friedman test was performed to assess the significance between file systems. Results No significant difference was found between the file systems regarding apical transportation and centering ratio values (p > 0.05). Transportation in the mesial direction was greater than the distal transportation for both file systems. Conclusion Considering apical transportation and centering ratio in curved canals, two systems provided similar results. Clinical significance Preparation up to One Shape Apical 1 or ProTaper Next X3 was shown similar results regarding apical transportation and centering ratio. Both systems were safe to use in curved molar root canals. How to cite this article Uzunoglu E, Turker SA. Comparison of Canal Transportation, Centering Ratio by Cone-beam Computed Tomography after Preparation with Different File Systems. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(5):360-365.

Computed tomographic analysis of the prevalence of International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification cells and their association with frontal sinusitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (10) ◽  
pp. 887-894
Author(s):  
N Seth ◽  
J Kumar ◽  
A Garg ◽  
I Singh ◽  
R Meher
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Frontal Sinus ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Frontal Sinusitis ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Tomographic Analysis

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the radiological prevalence of frontal cells according to the International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification in patients undergoing computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses for clinical symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis, and to examine the association between cell classification and frontal sinusitis development.MethodsA total of 180 (left and right) sides of 90 patients were analysed. The prevalence of each International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification cell was assessed. Logistic regression analysis was used to compare the distribution of various cells in patients with and without frontal sinusitis.ResultsThe agger nasi cell was the most commonly occurring cell, seen in 95.5 per cent of patients. The prevalence rates for supra agger cells, supra agger frontal cells, supra bullar frontal cells, supra bullar cells, supra-orbital ethmoid cells and frontal septal cells were 33.3 per cent, 22.2 per cent, 21.1 per cent, 36.1 per cent, 39.4 per cent and 21.1 per cent, respectively. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of any of the cell types in patients with frontal sinusitis compared to those without (p > 0.05).ConclusionThe presence of any of the International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification cells was not significantly associated with frontal sinusitis.

Effects of Positive End-expiratory Pressure and Different Tidal Volumes on Alveolar Recruitment and Hyperinflation

1997 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Dambrosio ◽  
Eric Roupie ◽  
Jean-Jacques Mollet ◽  
Marie-Christine Anglade ◽  
Norbert Vasile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Inflection Point ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Alveolar Recruitment ◽  
Positive End Expiratory Pressure ◽  
Concomitant Increase ◽  
Lower Inflection Point ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Significant Difference

Background The morphologic effect of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and of two tidal volumes were studied by computed tomography to determine whether setting the tidal volume (Vt) at the upper inflection point (UIP) of the pressure-volume (P-V) curve of the respiratory system or 10 ml/kg have different effects on hyperinflation and alveolar recruitment. Methods Alveolar recruitment and hyperinflation were quantified by computed tomography in nine patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). First, end expiration was compared without PEEP and with PEEP set at the lower inflection point of the P-V curve; second, at end inspiration above PEEP, a reduced Vt set at the UIP (rVt) and a standard 10 ml/kg Vt (Vt) ending above the UIP were compared. Three lung zones were defined from computed tomographic densities: hyperdense, normal, and hyperinflated zones. Results Positive end-expiratory pressure induced a significant decrease in hyperdensities (from 46.8 +/- 18% to 38 +/- 15.1% of zero end-expiratory pressure (ZEEP) area; P &lt; 0.02) with a concomitant increase in normal zones (from 47.3 +/- 20.9% to 56.5 +/- 13.2% of the ZEEP area; P &lt; 0.05), and a significant increase in hyperinflation (from 8.1 +/- 5.9% to 17.8 +/- 12.7% of ZEEP area; P &lt; 0.01). At end inspiration, a significant increase in hyperinflated areas was observed with Vt compared with rVt (33.4 +/- 17.8 vs. 26.8 +/- 17.3% of ZEEP area; P &lt; 0.05), whereas no significant difference was observed for both normal and hyperdense zones. Conclusions Positive end-expiratory pressure promotes alveolar recruitment; increasing Vt above the UIP seems to predominantly increase hyperinflation.

Calcium-Suppressed Technique in Dual-Layer Detector Computed Tomography to Evaluate Knee Articular Cartilage

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinglin Meng ◽  
Mengqi Liu ◽  
Weiwei Deng ◽  
Ke Chen ◽  
Botao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Bone Marrow Edema ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Infrapatellar Fat Pad ◽  
Proton Density ◽  
Knee Cartilage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Marrow Edema

Background: Calcium-suppressed (CaSupp) technique involving spectral-based images has been used to observe bone marrow edema by removing calcium components from the image. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the knee articular cartilage using the CaSupp technique in dual-layer detector computed tomography (DLCT). Methods: Twenty-eight healthy participants and two patients with osteoarthritis were enrolled, who underwent DLCT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination. CaSupp images were reconstructed from spectral-based images using a calcium suppression algorithm and were overlaid conventional CT images for visual evaluation. The morphology of the knee cartilage was evaluated, and the thickness of the articular cartilage was measured on sagittal proton density– weighted and CaSupp images in the patellofemoral compartment. Results: No abnormal signal or density, cartilage defect, and subjacent bone ulceration were observed in the lateral and medial femorotibial compartments and the patellofemoral compartment on MRI images and CaSupp images for the 48 normal knee joints. CaSupp images could clearly identify cartilage thinning, defect, subjacent bone marrow edema, and edema of the infrapatellar fat pad in the same way as MRI images in the three knee joints with osteoarthritis. A significant difference was found in the mean thickness of the patellar cartilage between MRI images and CaSupp images, while the femoral cartilage presented no significant difference in thickness between MRI images and CaSupp images over all 48 knee joints. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that CaSupp images could effectively be used to perform the visual and quantitative assessment of knee cartilage.

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