The effect of implementing self-management plan on selfconcept of family caregivers of multiple sclerosis patients

Background and aims: Caring for patients with multiple sclerosis causes family caregivers many problems and challenges. Self-management interventions can facilitate the caring process and increase the quality of patient care. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a self-management program on Self-concept of the family caregivers of multiple sclerosis patients. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2018 at the MS Treatment Center of Shahrekord. The samples were selected through convenience sampling method. First, participants were assigned to two groups of men and women by stratified random sampling, and then men and women were assigned randomly to intervention (n=35) and control (n=35) groups. For the intervention group, the selfmanagement program was implemented twice a week in 8 sessions. Data collection was performed using the Coopersmith self-concept Inventory in two groups before, immediately after, and three months after the intervention. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16.0. Results: The mean scores of self-concept in the intervention and control groups before the intervention were 72.6±9.1 and 72±10.6, respectively. There was no significant difference between the mean score of self-concept between the intervention and control groups before the intervention (P>0.05). The mean scores of self-concept immediately after the intervention in the two groups were 86.4±9.2 and 73±10.6, and three months after the intervention, they were 103±7.4 and 73.9±10.5, respectively. A significant increase in the scores of self-concept in the intervention group (P<0.001) was observed. Moreover, the independent t test showed a significant difference in the two groups immediately after and three months after the intervention (P<0.001). Conclusion: Self-management program increased the self-concept of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients’ caregivers. Therefore, selfmanagement can play a critical role in improving the quality of life of family caregivers and coping with the physical and psychological stress related to their caring role.

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Orem’s Self-Care Model with Multiple Sclerosis Patients’ Balance and Motor Function

Nursing Science Quarterly ◽

10.1177/0894318419881792 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 46-54

Author(s):

Ardashir Afrasiabifar ◽

Zahra Mehri ◽

Hamid Reza Ghaffarian Shirazi

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Motor Function ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Self Care ◽

Nursing Intervention ◽

Control Group ◽

Care Model ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Orem’s self-care model has been introduced as a nursing model to empower participants with chronic diseases. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of nursing interventions using Orem’s self-care model with multiple sclerosis participants’ balance and motor function. Sixty-three participants with multiple sclerosis were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The nursing intervention using Orem’s self-care model was performed for eight sessions of 45–60 minutes in the intervention group. In the intervention group, a significant increase (improvement) was observed in the mean scores of balance before (17.09 ± 1.97) and after the intervention (33.75 ± 6.01). A significant decrease (improvement) was observed in the mean of motor functions before (4.12 ± 0.34) and after the intervention (1.59 ± 0.71) ( p = 0.001). However, no significant difference existed in the mean scores of balance ( p = 0.10) and motor function in the control group ( p = 0.20). The nursing intervention using Orem’s self-care model improved balance and motor function of participants with multiple sclerosis.

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The Effect of Self-Care Education With The Telenursing Approach On Health-Promoting Behaviors In Multiple Sclerosis Patients During The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Clinical Trial Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-965896/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yasaman Pourfarid ◽

Ali Dehghani ◽

Mohsen Hojat

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Clinical Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Self Care ◽

Health Promoting Behaviors ◽

Care Education ◽

Health Promoting ◽

The Mean ◽

Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽

And Control

Abstract Introduction: Chronic conditions of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients are associated with a decrease in health-promoting behaviors and require appropriate nursing interventions. Due to limitations of face-to-face education during the COVID-19 pandemic, telenursing can play an essential role in providing education to patients. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of self-care education with telenursing approach on health-promoting behaviors in MS patients.Materials and methods: In this clinical trial, 68 patients of the Jahrom MS Society randomly assigned to intervention (n = 34) and control (n = 34) groups. For patients in the intervention group, educational sessions were held three days a week for six weeks. Data were collected using demographic information and Walker's Health-Promoting Lifestyle questionnaires at two stages before and immediately after the intervention. Data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests using SPSS software (Ver. 21).Results: Based on the findings immediately after the intervention, the mean score of HPBs was significantly higher (p = 0.005) in the intervention group (145.38 ± 26.66) than in the control group (129.18 ± 22.35). Significant differences were observed regarding the mean dimensions of nutrition, exercise, health responsibility, and stress management between the intervention and control groups immediately after the intervention (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Based on the findings, self-care education with the telenursing approach was effective on HPBs in MS patients. Therefore, it is recommended to utilize self-care education with the telenursing approach to control effective behaviors in MS patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Effect of Educational Counseling on Knowledge and Attitude of Pregnant Women Towards Sex During Pregnancy

International Electronic Journal of Medicine ◽

10.34172/iejm.2020.09 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 52-58

Author(s):

Atefeh Pakray ◽

Atefeh Ahmadi ◽

Younes Jahani ◽

Masoumeh Ghazanfarpour

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Sexual Relationships ◽

Fisher Exact Test ◽

Random Allocation ◽

Sexual Knowledge ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Knowledge And Attitude ◽

And Control

Background: Insufficient information about sex during pregnancy as well as negative attitude towards it may lead to serious problems in the couple’s communication and sexual relationship. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of educational counselling on sexual knowledge and attitude of pregnant women during 2014-2015. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 200 pregnant women referred to 5 health care centers in Kerman. The random allocation method was used to assign mothers to intervention (n=100) and control (n=100) groups. Data were collected by demographic information, sexual knowledge, and attitude questionnaires. Data were analyzed by paired and independent t test, Fisher exact test, chi-square test, Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation tests in SPSS software version 22.0. Results: The mean scores of sexual knowledge and attitude before educational counselling in intervention group were 33.7±15.44 and 50.09±10.88, respectively. Before the intervention, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in knowledge and attitude. One month after the counselling, the mean scores of knowledge and attitude in the intervention and control groups were respectively 79.03±8.71 and 67.88±8.62, indicating a significant difference (P<0.0001). Conclusion: The results of this study confirmed the positive role of counseling and education in increasing knowledge and creating positive attitude towards sexual relationships in pregnant women.

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Effectiveness of a Need-Based Program in Relieving Psychological Distress of Family Caregivers of Leukemia Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial

10.21203/rs.3.rs-219088/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mehrdad Abdullahzadeh ◽

Narjes Khosravi

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Family Caregivers ◽

Psychological Needs ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Study Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control

Abstract PurposeThe family of leukemia patients, due to their caring role, often feel psychological distress. This paper describes the efficacy of a designed family-need-based program on relieving depression, anxiety, and stress of family caregivers of leukemia patients by meeting the specific psychological needs of caregivers.MethodsIn this clinical trial, 64 family caregivers of leukemia patients referring to a medical center in Iran were recruited by convenience sampling and divided into study and control groups randomly. The study group attended a designed need-based program. The control group did not receive the intervention. Stress, anxiety, and depression before, right after, and one month after the intervention in family caregivers were compared using DASS-42. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics; the significance level adopted was 5%.ResultsBefore the intervention, the mean score of depression, anxiety, and stress scale in both study and control groups showed no considerable difference (P > 0.05). After the intervention, the mean score of DASS-42 revealed a significant difference between the two groups and the study group did better on outcomes (P < 0.001).ConclusionThis family-need-based program can decrease the level of stress, anxiety, and depression of the family caregivers of leukemia patients and may potentially alleviate the psychological distress of family caregivers over their caring role.Trial registration number: IRCT2013093011895N2. Date of registration: 2014-05-06

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Effect of Acupressure on Stress and Anxiety of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Sham-controlled Randomized Clinical Trial

Complementary Medicine Journal ◽

10.32598/cmja.10.3.1020.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 270-283

Author(s):

Mohammad Ali Nahayati ◽

◽

Seyed Abolfazl Vaghar Seyyedin ◽

Hamid Reza Bahrami-Taghanki ◽

Zahra Rezaee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Clinical Trial ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Test Scores ◽

Sham Group ◽

Applied Pressure ◽

Intervention Group ◽

T Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean

Objective: Stress and anxiety are common in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). These complications exacerbate the symptoms of MS. This study aims to evaluate the effect of acupressure on stress and anxiety of MS patients. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, participants were 106 MS Patients referred to Multiple Sclerosis Society in Mashhad, Iran. After signing an informed consent form, they completed a demographic form and stress, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale - 42 items (DASS-42). Then, they were randomly assigned into intervention and sham groups by tossing a coin. Participants in the intervention group were asked apply a pressure on the Shenmen and Yin Tang acupoints for one month (once per day for 15 minutes), while the sham group applied pressure 2.5 cm below the Shenmen acupoint and 3 cm above the Yin Tang acupoint. Participants in each group were then completed the DASS-42 again one hour after the final session. Data were analyzed using chi-square test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, independent t-test, and Paired t-test. Results: In the intervention and sham groups, there was no statistically significant difference between the mean pre-test scores of stress (34.73±5.80 vs. 33.06±6.42) and anxiety (27.09±6.99 vs. 25.31±6.88), and neither between the mean post-test scores of stress (29.20±6.21 vs. 33.73±9.44) and anxiety (22.79±5.68 vs. 25.21±6.72) (P>0.05). However, comparison of DASS-42 scores between groups showed that the mean scores of stress and anxiety in the intervention group were significantly lower than in the sham group (P< 0.05). Conclusion: It seems that acupressure can be used along with other therapeutic and pharmacological interventions to reduce stress and anxiety in patients with MS.

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Facebook as a Novel Tool for Continuous Professional Education on Dementia: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Journal of Medical Internet Research ◽

10.2196/16772 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. e16772 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Windy SY Chan ◽

Angela YM Leung

Keyword(s):

Professional Education ◽

Retention Rate ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Multiple Choice Questions ◽

Participant Engagement ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control

Background Social network sites (SNSs) are widely exploited in health education and communication by the general public, including patients with various conditions. Nevertheless, there is an absence of evidence evaluating SNSs in connecting health professionals for professional purposes. Objective This pilot randomized controlled trial was designed to evaluate the feasibility of an intervention aiming to investigate the effects of a continuous professional education program utilizing Facebook to obtain knowledge on dementia and care for patients with dementia. Methods Eighty health professionals from Hong Kong were recruited for participation in the study and randomized at a 1:1 ratio by a block randomization method to the intervention group (n=40) and control group (n=40). The intervention was an 8-week educational program developed to deliver updated knowledge on dementia care from a multidisciplinary perspective, either by Facebook (intervention group) or by email (control group) from October 2018 to January 2019. The primary outcomes were the effects of the intervention, measured by differences in the means of changes in pre- and postintervention scores of knowledge assessments from the 25-item Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS) and formative evaluation of 20 multiple choice questions. Other outcome measurements included participant compliance, participant engagement in Facebook, satisfaction, and self-perceived uses of Facebook for continuing professional education programs. Results Significantly more intervention group participants (n=35) completed the study than the control group (n=25) (P<.001). The overall retention rate was 75% (60/80). The mean of changes in scores in the intervention group were significant in all assessments (P<.001). A significant difference in the mean of changes in scores between the two groups was identified in the DKAS subscale Communication and Behavior (95% CI 0.4-3.3, P=.02). There was no significant difference in the total DKAS scores, scores of other DKAS subscales, and multiple choice questions. Participant compliance was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (P<.001). The mean numbers of participants accessing the learning materials were 31.5 (SD 3.9) and 17.6 (SD 5.2) in the intervention and control group, respectively. Polls attracted the highest level of participant engagement, followed by videos. Intervention group participants scored significantly higher in favoring the use of Facebook for the continuing education program (P=.03). Overall, participants were satisfied with the interventions (mean score 4 of a total of 5, SD 0.6). Conclusions The significantly higher retention rate, together with the high levels of participant compliance and engagement, demonstrate that Facebook is a promising tool for professional education. Education delivered through Facebook was significantly more effective at improving participants’ knowledge of how people with dementia communicate and behave. Participants demonstrated positive attitudes toward utilizing Facebook for professional learning. These findings provide evidence for the feasibility of using Facebook as an intervention delivery tool in a manner that can be rolled out into practical settings.

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Effect of Classical Music on Physiological Characteristics and Observational and Behavioral Measures of Pain in Unconscious Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Units

Complementary Medicine Journal ◽

10.32598/cmja.10.4.1016.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 368-379

Author(s):

Abolfazl Rahgoi ◽

◽

Shahla Mohammadzadeh Zarankesh ◽

Sedeigheh Sadat Kasaeizadeghan ◽

Mehran Naghibeiranvand ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care ◽

Classical Music ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Physiological Characteristics ◽

Behavioral Measures ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

The Mean ◽

Unconscious Patients ◽

And Control

Objective: Assessment and management of pain in patients under artificial respiration and hospitalized in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) are difficult, and is less considered by physicians and nurses. This study aims to determine the effect of classical music on physiological characteristics, and observational and behavioral measures of pain in unconscious patients admitted to ICUs. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study conducted in 2019 on 30 unconscious patients admitted to ICU of Shohadaye Haft-e-Tir Hospital in Tehran, Iran, who were selected using a convenience sampling method, and divided into two groups of intervention and control. After obtaining a written informed consent from patients to participate, they completed a demographic/physiological form, Critical Care Pain Observation Tool (COPT) and Behavioral Pain Scale (BPC). Collected data were analyzed in SPSS V. 22 software by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The Mean±SD age of patients in the intervention and control groups was 40.33±14.01 and 46±15.70 years, respectively. Comparison of physiological characteristics before and after the intervention showed no statistically significant difference in any groups except in Glasgow Coma Scale score (P<0.05). The mean pretest and posttest COPT scores in the intervention group were 3.73±0.94 and 1.96±1.32, respectively, and their mean pretest and posttest BPC scores were 5.94±1.39 and 4.22±1.08, respectively. Comparing the mean COPT and BPC scores before and after music therapy showed a statistically significant difference in the intervention group (P<0.05). Conclusion: It seems that classical music can reduce observational and behavioral measures of pain in unconscious patients hospitalized in ICUs. More studies are recommended for examining the effect of classical music on physiological characteristics of these patients.

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The Effect of Black Tea (Camellia sinensis (L) Kuntze) on Pediatrics With Acute Nonbacterial Diarrhea

Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1177/2156587216654600 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 114-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sareh Doustfatemeh ◽

Mohammad Hadi Imanieh ◽

Abdolali Mohagheghzade ◽

Mohammad M. Zarshenas ◽

Zahra Torkamani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Standard Treatment ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Black Tea ◽

Control Group ◽

Old Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control ◽

Single Blind

We aimed to evaluate the antidiarrheal effect of black tea in pediatric patients with acute nonbacterial diarrhea. This single-blind randomized clinical trial study was performed on 2 to 12-year-old patients, with acceptable criteria for acute nonbacterial diarrhea in Shiraz, Iran. In total, 120 patients took part in this study. Blocked randomization method was used to allocate them into 2 groups of intervention (black tea tablet + standard treatment) and control group (standard treatment; 60 patients in each). Frequency of defecation, volume, and consistency of stool were registered on arrival and 24 hours later. We used χ2 test, t test, and Mann-Whitney U test. After a 24-hour follow-up, the proportion of patients with formed stool was higher in the intervention group when compared with the control group ( P < .001). There was a significant difference between the mean number of defecations per 24 hours in both groups, after treatment ( P < .001). We found a possible antidiarrheal effect of black tea.

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The effect of distraction techniques on pain and stress during labor: a randomized controlled clinical trial

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-019-2683-y ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Paria Amiri ◽

Mojgan Mirghafourvand ◽

Khalil Esmaeilpour ◽

Mahin Kamalifard ◽

Reyhaneh Ivanbagha

Keyword(s):

Intervention Group ◽

Active Phase ◽

Labor Pain ◽

Control Group ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Fear Of Childbirth ◽

Control Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control

Abstract Background Pain control and the stress associated with labor and delivery are among the most important issues of health care system. Use of distraction techniques during childbirth is reported to reduce pain and stress of labor. However, there is a limited publication that looked on the effect of distraction techniques on labor pain and stress. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of distraction techniques on labor pain and stress (primary outcomes), fear of childbirth, length of delivery stages, first minute Apgar score and oxytocin consumption (secondary outcomes). Methods A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 68 pregnant women. Participants were allocated into two groups (intervention and control groups) by blocked randomization. Participants in the intervention group received distraction techniques in four sessions. Questionnaires of Fear of Childbirth (W-DEQ version A) and PSS once were completed before intervention and again at the 36th week for the W-DEQ and in the active phase for the PSS through interviews. The pain was assessed through VAS during active phase per hour. The length of delivery stages was recorded in the partograph chart. Data were analyzed by independent t-test and ANCOVA. Results The mean of perceived stress during labor in the intervention group was significantly less than that of the control group (AMD: -3.2; 95% CI: − 0.8 to − 6.0; P = 0.01). The mean (SD) of pain intensity during labor was less than in the intervention and control groups compare to the control group (6.2 vs 7.5; P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of fear of childbirth score (AMD: 5.3; 95% CI: 13.0 to − 6.0; P = − 2.3). Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of the active phase of labor (P = 0.504), second stage of delivery (P = 0.928), total length of delivery (P = 0.520), Apgar score (P = 1.000) and frequency of oxytocin consumption (P = 0.622). Conclusion According to the results, distraction techniques can reduce the pain and stress of labor, but further studies by using the distraction techniques are needed to reach a decisive conclusion. Trial registration IRCT2017042910324N39; Name of registry: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials; Registered 11 September 2017. URL of registry: https://fa.irct.ir/user/trial/10814/view. Date of enrolment of the first participant to the trial: September 2017.

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The Effect of 5A Self-management Program on Medication Adherence of Epileptic Patients in During the COVID – 19 Pandemic

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1131999/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Seyede Fateme Moosavimoghadam ◽

Ali Dehghani ◽

Rasool Eslami Akbar

Keyword(s):

Medication Adherence ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Management Training ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Self Management ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Epileptic Patients ◽

And Control

Abstract Background: Adherence to medication adherence plays a vital role in controlling the problems and complications of epilepsy. During the COVID – 19 pandemic and limitations of face-to-face education, the use of distance education can play an important role in providing education to patients. Therefore, the aim of this study is the effect of model 5A self-management training on medication adherence in epileptic patients.Methods: In this single-blind randomized controlled trial, 56 epilepsy patients referred to Shiraz Namazi Hospital were divided into intervention and control groups using random allocation. Thereafter, 5A self - management training sessions were virtually held in 5 sessions in WhatsApp application for intervention group. The data collection tool was Morisky medication adherence scale at two stages of before and two months after intervention. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 21 software.Results: The results of Wilcoxon test showed that in intervention group, the mean drug adherence in patients after intervention significantly increased compared to before intervention (p = 0.005). But in control group, this was not significant (p = 0.909). According to results of Mann-Whitney test, there was no significant difference between intervention and control groups before intervention (p = 0.632). However, by passing two months from intervention, a significant difference was found between intervention and control groups (p = 0.041).Conclusion: Based on results, the implementation of Model 5A can be effective on medication adherence in epilepsy patients. This program can be considered as a suitable method in epileptic patients in during COVID – 19 pandemic.

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