scholarly journals Bacteriófagos: una herramienta para el control de Salmonella Enteritidis en granja de aves comerciales de postura / Bacteriophages: a tool for the control of Salmonella Enteritidis in commercial layer poultry farms

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 4852-4860
Author(s):  
Xoana Ortiz ◽  
Ricardo Anselmo ◽  
Florencia Prosdócimo ◽  
Silvia Viora ◽  
Mauricio De Franceschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Salmonella Gallinarum ◽  
De Se ◽  
Poultry Farms

Los bacteriófagos constituyen una novedad como bactericidas. Un cóctel de bacteriófagos F9 y F15, específicos para Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) y FSG, específico para Salmonella Gallinarum, fue utilizado sobre superficies contaminadas experimentalmente con SE. Quince rectángulos de polipropileno de 330 cm2 y quince trozos de rejas metálicas de 50 cm2, fueron sumergidas en cultivo de 18 h de SE incubadas una hora a 37ºC. Las unidades formadoras de colonia (UFC)/ml de SE fueron determinadas en las dos superficies y sometidas a: Tratamiento (T) 1: 5 materiales fueron rociados con 109 unidades formadoras de placa (UFP)/ml de FSG, F9 y F15; T2: 5 materiales fueron rociadas con 109 UFP/ml de F9 y FSG; T3: 5 materiales fueron rociadas con solución fisiológica.  Los resultados determinaron que T1 disminuyó significativamente la carga bacteriana sobre metal de 4,3 log10 UFC/cm2 a 2,5 ± 0,22 log10 UFC/cm2, mientras que en superficies plásticas redujo la concentración de SE en 1,23 ± 0,26  log10 UFC/cm2 (ANOVA). Se concluye que el uso de bacteriófagos contribuiría al control de SE en producción de huevos.

scholarly journals Mobile Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-1 Detected on an IncI2 Plasmid in Salmonella Typhimurium Sequence Type 19 from a Healthy Pig in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 398
Author(s):  
Dong Chan Moon ◽  
Su-Jeong Kim ◽  
Abraham Fikru Mechesso ◽  
Hee Young Kang ◽  
Hyun-Ju Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Gallinarum ◽  
Additional Resistance ◽  
Food Animals

Colistin is considered the last resort for the treatment of multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. We studied colistin resistance and the mcr-1 gene carriage in Salmonella isolates recovered from food animals in South Korea between 2010 and 2018. Colistin resistance was found in 277 isolates, predominantly in Salmonella Enteritidis (57.1%) and Salmonella Gallinarum (41.9%). However, the mcr-1 gene was identified in only one colistin-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium (MIC = 16 µg/mL) isolated from a healthy pig. The mcr-1 carrying isolate presented additional resistance to multiple antimicrobials. The strain belonged to sequence type (ST)19 and carried various virulence factor genes that are associated with adhesion and invasion of Salmonella into intestinal epithelial cells, as well as its survival in macrophages. The mcr-1 gene was identified on an IncI2 plasmid and it was also transferred to the E. coli J53 recipient strain. The mcr-1-carrying plasmid (pK18JST013) in this study was closely related to that previously reported in S. Indiana (pCFSA664-3) from chicken in China. This is the first report of mcr-1 carrying S. Typhimurium in South Korea. The finding indicates the importance of regular screening for the presence of the mcr-1 gene in S. Typhimurium in food animals to prevent the spread to humans.

scholarly journals Deciphering why Salmonella Gallinarum is less invasive in vitro than Salmonella Enteritidis

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurore Rossignol ◽  
Sylvie M Roche ◽  
Isabelle Virlogeux-Payant ◽  
Agnès Wiedemann ◽  
Olivier Grépinet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Salmonella Gallinarum ◽  
Less Invasive

scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella Gallinarum and Salmonella Pullorum isolated from ill poultry in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Antonio Casarin Penha Filho ◽  
Joseane Cristina Ferreira ◽  
Ana Maria Iba Kanashiro ◽  
Ana Lúcia da Costa Darini ◽  
Angelo Berchieri Junior
Keyword(s):  
High Mortality ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Salmonella Gallinarum ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Salmonella Pullorum ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACT: Salmonella Gallinarum (S. Gallinarum) and Salmonella Pullorum (S. Pullorum) are poultry host-specific, agents of fowl typhoid and pullorum disease, respectively. These biovars cause septicemic infections, resulting in high mortality. Outbreaks are frequently reported worldwide, causing losses due to the elimination of infected flocks and treatments. The use of antimicrobial agents is frequent in poultry farms to prevent or treat gastrointestinal infections. In the present research it was evaluated the antimicrobial susceptibility of 50 S. Gallinarum and S. Pullorum isolates, from outbreaks that occurred between 1987 to 1991 and 2006 to 2013. The comparison of the susceptibility profiles showed that all isolates were susceptible to β-lactams. All isolates from 1987-1991 were susceptible to all antibiotics tested except NAL and CIP (78%). The susceptibility profile of S. Gallinarum (2006 - 2013 period) was the following NAL (58%), CIP (63%), ENR (67%), TET (92%), FFC (96%) and SXT (96%). S. Pullorum isolates (2006 - 2013 period) showed the following susceptibility rates to NAL (65%), CIP (71%), ENR (94%) and TET (94%). All isolates were susceptible to β-lactams tested, however, resistance to quinolones and fluoroquinolones increased over time. Furthermore, low levels of resistance to other antibiotics were found in recent isolates, such as tetracyclines.

scholarly journals INFECTION-IMMUNITY IN EXPERIMENTAL SALMONELLOSIS

1966 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Collins ◽  
G. B. Mackaness ◽  
R. V. Blanden
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Challenge Dose ◽  
Salmonella Gallinarum ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Salmonella Infections ◽  
Salmonella Pullorum ◽  
Somatic Antigens ◽  
Highly Virulent

Salmonella enteritidis is highly virulent for the mouse causing an infection resembling mouse typhoid. Survivors of the infection are completely resistant to reinfection and eliminate a large challenge dose of virulent organisms within 72 hr. The antigenically related Salmonella gallinarum was almost avirulent for the mouse but animals vaccinated with this organism were equally capable of eliminating a lethal dose of virulent S. enteritidis. Living Salmonella pullorum, on the other hand, was quickly eliminated from the tissues of normal mice. Vaccination with this organism failed to evoke an effective bactericidal mechanism. Alcohol-killed vaccines of these three Salmonellae all produced an increase in blood clearance rate, but gave only marginal protection against S. enteritidis. Liver and spleen counts on these mice revealed a 1 to 2 day delay before any net increase in the total bacterial population could be observed. Immunization of mice with increasing doses of living Salmonella montevideo resulted in progressively greater killing of a challenge dose of S. enteritidis despite the absence of common somatic antigens between the two strains. The degree of protection varied with the size of the residual population of S. montevideo in the vaccinated mice. The significance of these findings in assessing the importance of various factors involved in the development of acquired resistance to Salmonella infections is discussed.

scholarly journals Comportamento de células do sistema imune frente ao desafio com Salmonella Enteritidis em aves tratadas e não tratadas com ácidos orgânicos

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 495-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Flores ◽  
Maristela Lovato ◽  
César G. Wilsmann ◽  
Fabio L. Gazoni ◽  
Flávio Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Mhc I ◽  
Mhc Ii ◽  
De Se

A Salmonelose é uma importante zoonose, considerada a principal causa de infecções bacterianas, sendo associada ao consumo de produtos avícolas. Como alternativa de controle, ácidos orgânicos têm sido amplamente usados. No entanto, pouco se conhece sobre o estado imunológico de aves de produção, e uma avaliação deste status é necessária para proteger frente a enfermidades e para garantir à aplicação segura de agentes terapêuticos ou imunização profilática. Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar o comportamento do sistema imunológico das aves previamente infectadas com Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) tratadas com um composto de ácidos orgânicos em diferentes concentrações administrado via água e ração comparando com as aves infectadas e não tratadas. Foram inoculados 120 frangos de corte com 1mL de SE, via oral, na concentração de 1,0 x 108 UFC/mL, no 1º e 2º dia de idade, divididos em seis tratamentos com duas repetições, utilizando 200, 400, 500 e 1000ppm do ácido orgânico. Aos 35 dias de vida das aves, foram coletados, de todos os grupos, alíquotas de sangue de 3mL em tubo contendo EDTA para a avaliação das células imunes através de citometria de fluxo. Foram analisadas as porcentagens circulantes de células CD4+, CD8β+, MHC I+, MHC II+, TCRVβ1+, TCRVβ2+ e CD28+. Para análise microbiológica foram coletadas tonsilas cecais destas aves. Observou-se com esse estudo que os ácidos orgânicos nas dosagens 1000ppm na água e 500ppm na ração durante, dois e sete dias respectivamente antes do abate, foram eficazes na redução da infecção por SE em frangos de corte, comprovadas pelo método microbiológico e demonstradas através do comportamento das células do sistema imune. No presente estudo as aves infectadas apresentaram uma proporção menor de células T auxiliares circulantes quando comparadas às aves infectadas, mas tratadas com o AO ou com o grupo não infectado. A mesma tendência pode ser observada para as células CD28+, TCRVβ1+ e MHC IIbright+, e, com menor resolução, para CD8β+.

scholarly journals РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЕ ИНФЕКЦИОННЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ ПТИЦ БАКТЕРИАЛЬНОЙ ЭТИОЛОГИИ В ВЕРХНЕМ ПРИАМУРЬЕ

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-106
Author(s):  
Литвинова З.А. ◽  
Мандро Н.М. ◽  
Пунина П.В.
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Chlamydia Psittaci ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Salmonella Gallinarum ◽  
Salmonella Newport ◽  
Salmonella Pullorum

Изучены вопросы распространения бактериальных болезней сельскохозяйственных птиц на территории Верхнего Приамурья в период с 2011 по 2017 г. В работе использовали материалы ветеринарной отчетности с применением методики С.И. Джупины, В.А. Ведерникова (1981). Цифровой материал обрабатывали с использованием программы для работы с электронными таблицами «Microsoft Excel». На территории Верхнего Приамурья за изученный период было зарегистрировано семь нозологических единиц инфекционных заболеваний сельскохозяйственных птиц бактериальной этиологии: колибактериоз, орнитоз, сальмонеллез, стафилококкоз, туберкулез, пастереллез и протейная инфекция. Наиболее высокие показатели значимости в эпизоотическом процессе установлены у таких заболеваний птицы, как колибактериоз (56,23 %), стафилококкоз (24,58 %) и сальмонеллез (13,61 %), наименьшие показатели выявлены у туберкулеза (2,79 %), протейной инфекции (1,56 %), пастереллеза (0,97 %) и орнитоза (0,26 %). Наибольшие изменения процентного соотношения среди бактериальных болезней на территории Верхнего Приамурья отмечены в 2013–2014 гг. При идентификации бактерий из представленного патологического материала за все изученные годы выделяли Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella gallinarum (Salmonella pullorum), Salmonella newport, Salmonella gege, Micobacterium avium, Proteus mirabilitis, Staphуlococcus aureus, Pasteurella multocida, Chlamydia psittaci, также выделено 23 серотипа Еcherichia coli, наиболее часто диагностируемыми из которых явились O78, O18, О35, O2, O41. Распространение бактериозов среди сельскохозяйственных птиц характеризовалось разной степенью стабильности. Неблагополучные районы по бактериальным болезням птиц за период 2011–2017 гг. приурочены к южной природно-хозяйственной зоне Амурской области, являющейся приграничной территорией.

scholarly journals Interaction of Salmonella Gallinarum and Salmonella Enteritidis with peripheral leucocytes of hens with different laying performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sravya Sreekantapuram ◽  
Christian Berens ◽  
Stefanie A. Barth ◽  
Ulrich Methner ◽  
Angela Berndt
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cells ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Salmonella Gallinarum ◽  
Laying Performance

AbstractSalmonella enterica ssp. enterica serovars Enteritidis (SE) and Gallinarum (SG) cause different diseases in chickens. However, both are able to reach the blood stream where heterophils and monocytes are potentially able to phagocytose and kill the pathogens. Using an ex vivo chicken whole blood infection model, we compared the complex interactions of the differentially host-adapted SE and SG with immune cells in blood samples of two White Leghorn chicken lines showing different laying performance (WLA: high producer; R11: low producer). In order to examine the dynamic interaction between peripheral blood leucocytes and the Salmonella serovars, we performed flow cytometric analyses and survival assays measuring (i) leucocyte numbers, (ii) pathogen association with immune cells, (iii) Salmonella viability and (iv) immune gene transcription in infected whole blood over a four-hour co-culture period. Inoculation of blood from the two chicken lines with Salmonella led primarily to an interaction of the bacteria with monocytes, followed by heterophils and thrombocytes. We found higher proportions of monocytes associated with SE than with SG. In blood samples of high producing chickens, a decrease in the numbers of both heterophils and Salmonella was observed. The Salmonella challenge induced transcription of interleukin-8 (IL-8) which was more pronounced in SG- than SE-inoculated blood of R11. In conclusion, the stronger interaction of monocytes with SE than SG and the better survivability of Salmonella in blood of low-producer chickens shows that the host–pathogen interaction and the strength of the immune defence depend on both the Salmonella serovar and the chicken line.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection and Characterization of Salmonella Gallinarum From Poultry Farms in Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1335-1341
Author(s):  
N.S. Zanetti ◽  
S. De Carli ◽  
M.N. Souza ◽  
F.K.M. Lehmann ◽  
D. Kipper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Salmonella Gallinarum ◽  
Poultry Farms

Molecular and phylogenetic analyses of Salmonella Gallinarum trace the origin and diversification of recent outbreaks of fowl typhoid in poultry farms

2017 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 80-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia De Carli ◽  
Tiago Gräf ◽  
Diéssy Kipper ◽  
Fernanda Kieling Moreira Lehmann ◽  
Nathalie Zanetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Salmonella Gallinarum ◽  
Fowl Typhoid ◽  
Poultry Farms
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