scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF A STATISTICAL MODEL FOR THE SYSTEM OF INSTRUMENTAL SORTING OF MINK SKINS BY COLOUR-DIFFERENCE PARAMETERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Alla I. Sapozhnikova ◽  
Yuliya S. Grebenyova ◽  
Tat’yana V. Reusova
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Model ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Colour Difference ◽  
Hair Colour ◽  
Actual Distribution ◽  
Colour Parameters ◽  
Statistical Analysis Methods

The creation of a system of instrumental quantitative assessment of the hair colour of mink skins is a topical and timely task, due to the fact that the methods of visual assessment of the colour of skins during sorting do not meet the current level of scientific and technological progress. The authors used statistical analysis methods to show the possibility of colour separation of mink skins using the colour parameters of the CIE L*a*b*colourimetric system. It is found that the greatest contribution to the overall discrimination, and hence to the colour difference, is made by L*, lightness; the variable b* is second in this process, and the variable a* is characterised by the smallest contribution. The developed classification matrix allows us to summarise the information about the number and percentage of correctly classified cases for each colour type and assess the degree of compliance of the classification results obtained by formal discrimination with the actual distribution of skins. A statistical model of the system of instrumental sorting of mink skins by colour-difference parameters is proposed, which allows evaluating the correctness of assigning mink skins selected by visual expert method to certain colour types.

“Regulatory Guillotine” – dangers and prospects for industrial enterprises

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A., Chesnokova ◽  
K.I. Porsev ◽  
V.P. Marin
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Current Level ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The One

The article analyzes the problems associated with the reform of control and supervisory activities to reduce the administrative burden on business entities. Special attention is paid to the mechanism of the "regulatory guillotine" in the Russian Federation, as a comprehensive update of mandatory requirements. This reform is especially relevant for organizations that produce high-tech products, since it is at these enterprises that the requirements corresponding to the current level of scientific and technological progress should be applied. As a research goal of the article, the authors analyzed the features of the introduction of the "regulatory guillotine" mechanism for industrial enterprises. As a result of the analysis, it is established that it is necessary to apply a process-oriented approach in the implementation of control and supervisory activities. It is determined that on the one hand, the mechanism of the "regulatory guillotine" for enterprises will reduce unnecessarily unjustified control and supervisory checks, form a system of regulation of control and supervisory activities, and minimize administrative pressure. The new regulatory and legislative framework (mandatory requirements) should be consistent and unambiguous, meeting the requirements of the time and technological development of enterprises, based on the most significant public risks. This will allow businesses to reduce costs and remove barriers to development. On the other hand, it is established that the implementation of the "regulatory guillotine" mechanism strongly depends on organizational and managerial aspects: the definition, justification and development of mandatory requirements that ensure a risk-based approach to control and supervisory activities is a difficult task for all participants of the reform, requiring them to be prompt and consistent. The implementation of the "regulatory guillotine" may take years and enterprises will have to work in the mode of uncertainty of the regulatory framework for several more years, and the establishment of a large number of uncontrolled exceptions contributes to the ambiguity of control and supervisory procedures. The article defines the difficulties of implementing the mechanism of the "regulatory guillotine" in industrial enterprises.

scholarly journals Effect of Shading on Red Colour and Fruit Quality in Blush Pears “ANP-0118” and “ANP-0131”

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine Peavey ◽  
Ian Goodwin ◽  
Lexie McClymont ◽  
Subhash Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
A Value ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Colour Parameters ◽  
Hue Angle ◽  
Colour Development

Some cultivars of Pyrus communis develop mature fruit with a distinctive red blush. Investigating the patterns of pear colour development in response to sunlight has implications for orchard management of these pears. The objectives of these experiments are to study the seasonal patterns of colour development and investigate the influence of shade and sunlight exposure on the red colour and harvest quality of blush pears “ANP-0118” and “ANP-0131”. Several long, medium and short shading treatments were applied at different stages of fruit development from 28 (“ANP-0131”) and 29 (“ANP-0118”) days after full bloom (DAFB) until harvests at 119 DAFB (“ANP-0118”) and 175 DAFB (“ANP-0131”). Fruits were measured every three weeks for colour parameters (a*, hue angle, chroma) and at harvest for quality parameters (fresh weight, visual assessments of percentage blush coverage and blush intensity, flesh firmness and soluble solids concentration). In the unshaded control, red colour increased during the growing season (increase in a* value and decrease in hue angle), as well as increasing in chroma value. Periods of shading during the season negatively affected red colour in both cultivars, as evidenced by significant decreases in a* value and increases in hue angle. Shaded fruits that were subsequently re-exposed to sunlight reacted with a dynamic increase in a* value and decrease in hue angle. Fruit shaded for the length of the experiment or prior to harvest had significantly lower a* values than the control at harvest. Visual assessment at harvest of percentage blush coverage and blush intensity were significantly affected by shading in both cultivars. Shading treatments applied early in the experiment had a negative effect on the fresh fruit weight of “ANP-0118”.

scholarly journals Comparison of Visual and Instrumental Assessment of Colour Differences on Finished Wooden Surfaces

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-207
Author(s):  
Matjaž Pavlič ◽  
Marko Petrič
Keyword(s):  
Colour Change ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Surface Finishing ◽  
Colour Difference ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
Instrumental Assessment ◽  
A Value ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Transparent Coating

Staining of wood with various substances and processes is an important part of surface finishing of wood. Colour differences as a result of staining and of exposure of coloured wood during its utilisation are usually evaluated by instrumental measurements. However, the measurement results can show something else compared to what our naked eye can see. Due to inhomogeneity of wood, this discrepancy can be even greater in the case of finished surfaces. The aim of our research was to evaluate distinctions between visual perception and numerically determined colour differences on differently finished wooden surfaces, to get information at which starting point the colour difference becomes visible, and to establish whether it is related to the nature of the surface. We established that the visual assessment is influenced by many factors and that there is a correlation between visual and instrumental assessments. The colour difference ΔE* of 0.5 should be considered as a value when it starts to become visible, and at the value of 2.0, observers already considered the colour difference as a different colour. It was stated that we have some tolerance in perceiving the colour change. This tolerance is more expressed in the case of transparent coating systems.

scholarly journals Differentiation of Brain Tumor Recurrence from Post-Radiotherapy Necrosis with 11C-Methionine PET: Visual Assessment versus Quantitative Assessment

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e0132515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryogo Minamimoto ◽  
Toshiyuki Saginoya ◽  
Chisato Kondo ◽  
Noriaki Tomura ◽  
Kimiteru Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Tumor Recurrence ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Visual Assessment

Effect of pectin coating on colour and quality of dehydrated pineapple during storage

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Saini ◽  
H. K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Colour Change ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Colour Difference ◽  
Rehydration Ratio ◽  
Browning Index ◽  
Reaction Rate Constants ◽  
Evaluation Scores ◽  
Colour Parameters ◽  
Predicted Values

The effect of storage on the colour and quality parameters of uncoated and pectin coated dehydrated pineapple samples were studied during storage. The dehydrated pineapple samples were packed in aluminium foil pouches and stored at 30 ± 1°C and 75% RH. The colour change was determined using <italic>L*, a*, b*</italic>, hue, total colour difference and browning index values. The kinetics of changes in colour parameters was determined using zero-order and first-order reaction kinetics. Non-linear regression of experimental data was done to obtain the reaction rate constants. <italic>L*, b*</italic>, and hue values decreased, while <italic>a*</italic>, total colour difference and browning index increased during storage in both coated and uncoated samples. Both the models were found to describe the data of colour parameters adequately. The correlation coefficient value of most of the colour parameters was more than 0.95 indicating good agreement between experimental and model predicted values. The browning was more observed in uncoated samples than coated samples, which increased in the later stages of storage. Rehydration ratio decreased, while moisture content increased with storage. The sensory evaluation scores of coated samples remained acceptable for longer period than uncoated samples.

scholarly journals How to Eliminate the Negative Impact of Scientific and Technological Progress on the “Transparency” and Efficiency of the Market

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 190-206
Author(s):  
G. Khubaev
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Demand Reduction

It is shown that scientific and technological progress leads to a decrease in the awareness of market participants, and the “opacity” of the market contributes to the active development of goods and business processes for one purpose, leads to the waste of intellectual and financial resources. The use of original methods and tools is justified for the quantitative assessment of the characteristics of the consumer quality of multifunctional goods and the growth of functional demand, reduction of budget allocations of market entities, and accelerated development of the market economy.

scholarly journals STANDARDIZING QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF FUSED REMOTELY SENSED IMAGES

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W7 ◽  
pp. 863-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Pohl ◽  
J. Moellmann ◽  
K. Fries
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Image Fusion ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Visual Interpretation ◽  
Fused Image ◽  
The University

The multitude of available operational remote sensing satellites led to the development of many image fusion techniques to provide high spatial, spectral and temporal resolution images. The comparison of different techniques is necessary to obtain an optimized image for the different applications of remote sensing. There are two approaches in assessing image quality: 1. Quantitatively by visual interpretation and 2. Quantitatively using image quality indices. However an objective comparison is difficult due to the fact that a visual assessment is always subject and a quantitative assessment is done by different criteria. Depending on the criteria and indices the result varies. Therefore it is necessary to standardize both processes (qualitative and quantitative assessment) in order to allow an objective image fusion quality evaluation. Various studies have been conducted at the University of Osnabrueck (UOS) to establish a standardized process to objectively compare fused image quality. First established image fusion quality assessment protocols, i.e. Quality with No Reference (QNR) and Khan's protocol, were compared on varies fusion experiments. Second the process of visual quality assessment was structured and standardized with the aim to provide an evaluation protocol. This manuscript reports on the results of the comparison and provides recommendations for future research.

scholarly journals Optical Detection of Green Emission for Non-Uniformity Film in Flat Panel Displays

Crystals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-Ming Tzu ◽  
Jung-Hua Chou
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Machine Vision ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Green Emission ◽  
Human Vision ◽  
Just Noticeable Difference ◽  
Flat Panel Displays ◽  
Colour Difference ◽  
Flat Panel ◽  
Green Colour

Among colours, the green colour has the most sensitivity in human vision so that green colour defects on displays can be effortlessly perceived by a photopic eye with the most intensity in the wavelength 555 nm of the spectrum. With the market moving forward to high resolution, displays can have resolutions of 10 million pixels. Therefore, the method of detecting the appearance of the panel using ultra-high resolutions in TFT-LCD is important. The machine vision associated with transmission chromaticity spectrometer that quantises the defects are explored, such as blackening and whitening. The result shows the significant phenomena to recognize the non-uniformity of film-related chromatic variation. In contrast, the quantitative assessment illustrates that the just noticeable difference (JND) of chromaticity CIE xyY at 0.001 is the measuring sensitivity for the chromatic variables (x, y), whereas JND is a perceptible threshold for a colour difference metric. Moreover, an optical device associated with a 198Hg discharge lamp calibrates the spectrometer accuracy.

scholarly journals Cellulose Dissolution in Mixtures of Ionic Liquids and Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A Quantitative Assessment of the Relative Importance of Temperature and Composition of the Binary Solvent

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (24) ◽  
pp. 5975
Author(s):  
Marcella T. Dignani ◽  
Thaís A. Bioni ◽  
Thiago R. L. C. Paixão ◽  
Omar A. El Seoud
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Statistical Model ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Binary Solvent ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Cellulose Dissolution ◽  
Dissolution Efficiency

We studied the dissolution of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) in binary mixtures of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and the ionic liquids: allylbenzyldimethylammonium acetate; 1-(2-methoxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium acetate; 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0]undec-7-ene-8-ium acetate; tetramethylguanidinium acetate. Using chemometrics, we determined the dependence of the mass fraction (in %) of dissolved cellulose (MCC-m%) on the temperature, T = 40, 60, and 80 °C, and the mole fraction of DMSO, χDMSO = 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8. We derived equations that quantified the dependence of MCC-m% on T and χDMSO. Cellulose dissolution increased as a function of increasing both variables; the contribution of χDMSO was larger than that of T in some cases. Solvent empirical polarity was qualitatively employed to rationalize the cellulose dissolution efficiency of the solvent. Using the solvatochromic probe 2,6-dichloro-4-(2,4,6-triphenylpyridinium-1-yl)phenolate (WB), we calculated the empirical polarity ET(WB) of cellobiose (a model for MCC) in ionic liquid (IL)–DMSO mixtures. The ET(WB) correlated perfectly with T (fixed χDMSO) and with χDMSO (fixed T). These results show that there is ground for using medium empirical polarity to assess cellulose dissolution efficiency. We calculated values of MCC-m% under conditions other than those employed to generate the statistical model and determined the corresponding MCC-m% experimentally. The excellent agreement between both values shows the robustness of the statistical model and the usefulness of our approach to predict cellulose dissolution, thus saving time, labor, and material.

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