scholarly journals Design of “industrial” textile ornament based on the ideas of russian avant-garde

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Tatiana E. Patina ◽  
Ol’ga V. Kovaleva
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Computer Gaming ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Spatial Image ◽  
Adobe Photoshop ◽  
Gaming Environment ◽  
The Given

The article presents the concept of industrial ornament, gives stylistic features. The main trends in the art of post-revolutionary Russia, which were the ideological and methodological basis for the formation of industrial ornament, are considered. The main features that should be reflected in the construction of an industrial ornament are identified: the motif of an ornament based on geometry, industrial objects, sports subjects, objects from a computer gaming environment; a three-dimensional spatial image of the motif of an ornament in three dimensions; a colouristic solution of an ornamental composition. The classification of compositional drawings for the construction of a rapport grid of avant-garde fabrics, as a basis for the con-struction of an industrial ornament, is given. In the course of the study, a method for constructing a textile industrial ornament was developed. Recommendations for the development of an ornament are presented Adobe Photoshop CC program with elements of 3D modelling. The author’s ornamental drawings have been developed according to the given recommendations.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Trajectory Construction and Observation of Group Behavior of Wild Bats During Cave Emergence

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 556-563
Author(s):  
Emyo Fujioka ◽  
Mika Fukushiro ◽  
Kazusa Ushio ◽  
Kyosuke Kohyama ◽  
Hitoshi Habe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Group Behavior ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Detection And Tracking ◽  
External Objects ◽  
Behavioral Classification

Echolocating bats perceive the surrounding environment by processing echoes of their ultrasound emissions. Echolocation enables bats to avoid colliding with external objects in complete darkness. In this study, we sought to develop a method for measuring the collective behavior of echolocating bats (Miniopterus fuliginosus) emerging from their roost cave using high-sensitivity stereo-camera recording. First, we developed an experimental system to reconstruct the three-dimensional (3D) flight trajectories of bats emerging from the roost for nightly foraging. Next, we developed a method to automatically track the 3D flight paths of individual bats so that quantitative estimation of the population in proportion to the behavioral classification could be conducted. Because the classification of behavior and the estimation of population size are ecologically important indices, the method established in this study will enable quantitative investigation of how individual bats efficiently leave the roost while avoiding colliding with each other during group movement and how the group behavior of bats changes according to weather and environmental conditions. Such high-precision detection and tracking will contribute to the elucidation of the algorithm of group behavior control in creatures that move in groups together in three dimensions, such as birds.

scholarly journals Exemplification of Tomographic Method to Evaluate the Quality of Welded Joints Made from EN 5754-H22 Alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-78
Author(s):  
Józef Błachnio ◽  
Artur Kułaszka ◽  
Marek Chalimoniuk ◽  
Piotr Woźny
Keyword(s):  
Welded Joints ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Computer Assisted Tomography ◽  
Tomographic Method ◽  
Industrial Ct ◽  
The Given

Abstract The quality of welded joints depends on many factors. The relevant standards stipulate technical conditions of welds quality assessment, which provides the basis for stating whether the given joint is compatible with the requirements or whether it is defective. In practice, making welded joints that are totally devoid of defects is extremely difficult. To conduct the control of inner structure of the given joint a non-destructive method with the application of industrial CT scanner might be applied. This modern diagnosing method combines the x-ray examination with advanced computer technology. The basic advantage of computer-assisted tomography consists in examining objects in three dimensions and the possibility to carry out three-dimensional reconstructions. The aim of this article is to discuss the use of this method to evaluate the quality of welded joints made of aluminium alloys. Capabilities of computer-assisted tomography were depicted by the case of weld probes constructed with TIG (ang. Tungsten Inert Gas) welding by different process variables. One has made the analysis of the quality of probes showing the smallest and the biggest internal and external welding defects.

scholarly journals Automatic Disassembly and Total Ordering in Three Dimensions

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Woo ◽  
D. Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Single Component ◽  
Boundary Representation ◽  
Tree Structure ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Robot Motion ◽  
Geometric Complexity ◽  
Minimal Sequence ◽  
The Given

Generating a sequence of motions for removing components in a three-dimensional assembly, one at a time, is considered—the robot motion being strictly translational. We map the boundary representation of a given assembly to a tree structure called Disassembly Tree (DT). Traversing the DT in pre- and post-order yields a minimal sequence of operations for disassembly and assembly, respectively. In this paper, an assembly is classified by the logical complexity of its DT (an ordered graph whose nodes are components of the given assembly) and by the geometric complexity of the nodes in DT (in terms of the number of motions needed to remove a single component). Next, whether a component can be removed in one motion is described as a predicate. This predicate is then used in an algorithm for constructing the DT. For a class of assemblies that exhibit total ordering, the algorithm decides whether each component can be removed in a single motion, by constructing a DT in O(N log N) time, on the average, where N is the total number of mating faces in the assembly.

The arithmetic symmetry of colored crystals: classification of 2-color 2-lattices

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Fadda ◽  
Giovanni Zanzotto
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Systematic Classification ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Detailed Classification

A framework for the detailed classification of general crystal structures, based on an arithmetic criterion, has been proposed in recent years. In this paper it is shown how this method can also be applied to enumerate colored crystals. To illustrate this approach, the systematic classification in the simplest case,i.e.of `2-color 2-lattices', in two and three dimensions (two- and three-dimensional crystals with two differently colored atoms per unit translational cell) is presented. 51 distinct types of 2-color 2-lattices are found in three dimensions (ten types in two dimensions); this gives a complete catalog of the simplest crystal structures that are theoretically possible for two-element compounds. Among the 51 2-lattices, all those which already have aStrukturberichtedenomination are retrieved, as well as the 22 `black-and-white lattices' considered in the theory of magnetic crystals. The symmetry hierarchies and symmetry-breaking possibilities for 2-color 2-lattices are also determined in two and three dimensions.

New Methodology for Shape Classification of Aggregates

2005 ◽  
Vol 1913 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taleb Al-Rousan ◽  
Eyad Masad ◽  
Leslie Myers ◽  
Cliff Speigelman
Keyword(s):  
Surface Texture ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Shape Distribution ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Structural And Functional Properties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Aggregate Shape ◽  
Shape Characteristics

Aggregate shape characteristics play a major role in determining the structural and functional properties of asphalt mixes. A comprehensive, statistically based methodology for the analysis and classification of the shape characteristics of both fine and coarse aggregates is presented. These characteristics are form (three dimensions of coarse aggregates), angularity, and surface texture. The methodology was developed by measuring the distribution of the shape characteristics of aggregates from a wide range of sources and varying sizes. The limits for the classification groups were determined with the use of a cluster analysis. The new methodology offers several advantages over current methods used in practice. It is based on the distribution of shape characteristics in an aggregate sample rather than on average indices of these characteristics. The coarse aggregate form is determined with the use of a three-dimensional analysis of particles, which allows particles to be distinguished between flat, elongated, or flat and elongated particles. The fundamental gradient and wavelet methods were used to quantify angularity and surface texture, respectively. The classification methodology can be used to evaluate the effects of different processes, such as crushing techniques and blending, on aggregate shape distribution. It also lends itself to the development of aggregate specifications on the basis of the distribution of shape characteristics.

scholarly journals Symmetry, topology and the maximum number of mutually pairwise-touching infinite cylinders: configuration classification

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 160729
Author(s):  
Peter V. Pikhitsa ◽  
Stanislaw Pikhitsa
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Adjacency Matrix ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Complete Classification ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Theory Of Graphs ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

We provide a complete classification of possible configurations of mutually pairwise-touching infinite cylinders in Euclidian three-dimensional space. It turns out that there is a maximum number of such cylinders possible in three dimensions independently of the shape of the cylinder cross-sections. We give the explanation of the uniqueness of the non-trivial configuration of seven equal mutually touching round infinite cylinders found earlier. Some results obtained for the chirality matrix, which is equivalent to the Seidel adjacency matrix, may be found useful for the theory of graphs.

Growing 3D-SOMs with 2D-Input Layer as a Classification Tool in a Motion Detection System

1997 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Udo Seiffert ◽  
Bernd Michaelis
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Short Description ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
Input Layer ◽  
Motion Detection System ◽  
Classification Of Images ◽  
Classification Tool

This paper describes the employment of an 'Adaptive Growing Three-Dimensional Self-Organizing Map' for the classification of images. First a short description of growing SOMs is given and the fundamental advantages are mentioned. Then an extension of the original SOM from two to three dimensions with growing feature is presented. By means of some selected examples the general behavior of the algorithm is illustrated.

scholarly journals Assessment of Registration Methods for Cranial 3D Modelling

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Barbero-García ◽  
Lerma
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Coordinate System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
Deformation Analysis ◽  
The Given

Three-dimensional (3D) models are a useful tool for cranial deformation analysis in infants. The registration of the head 3D models to a known coordinate system is vital for the obtainment of parameters and indexes that quantify deformation. In this study, three registration methodologies have been tested based on the principal component analysis (PCA) without tie points, and PCA measuring manually two and three identified tie points. Results show that the approach using PCA plus three manually identified tie points provides enough accuracy for the given application.

convergent-beam diffraction from surfaces

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
J. A. Eades ◽  
A. E. Smith ◽  
D. F. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Reciprocal Lattice ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Plane Figure ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Convergent Beam ◽  
Beam Patterns ◽  
Beam Diffraction

It is quite simple (in the transmission electron microscope) to obtain convergent-beam patterns from the surface of a bulk crystal. The beam is focussed onto the surface at near grazing incidence (figure 1) and if the surface is flat the appropriate pattern is obtained in the diffraction plane (figure 2). Such patterns are potentially valuable for the characterization of surfaces just as normal convergent-beam patterns are valuable for the characterization of crystals.There are, however, several important ways in which reflection diffraction from surfaces differs from the more familiar electron diffraction in transmission.GeometryIn reflection diffraction, because of the surface, it is not possible to describe the specimen as periodic in three dimensions, nor is it possible to associate diffraction with a conventional three-dimensional reciprocal lattice.

Sea Urchins and Circuses: The Modernist Natural Histories of Jean Painlevé and Alexander Calder

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-211
Author(s):  
Patricia E. Chu
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Machine Age ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The One ◽  
Natural Historian

The Paris avant-garde milieu from which both Cirque Calder/Calder's Circus and Painlevé’s early films emerged was a cultural intersection of art and the twentieth-century life sciences. In turning to the style of current scientific journals, the Paris surrealists can be understood as engaging the (life) sciences not simply as a provider of normative categories of materiality to be dismissed, but as a companion in apprehending the “reality” of a world beneath the surface just as real as the one visible to the naked eye. I will focus in this essay on two modernist practices in new media in the context of the history of the life sciences: Jean Painlevé’s (1902–1989) science films and Alexander Calder's (1898–1976) work in three-dimensional moving art and performance—the Circus. In analyzing Painlevé’s work, I discuss it as exemplary of a moment when life sciences and avant-garde technical methods and philosophies created each other rather than being classified as separate categories of epistemological work. In moving from Painlevé’s films to Alexander Calder's Circus, Painlevé’s cinematography remains at the forefront; I use his film of one of Calder's performances of the Circus, a collaboration the men had taken two decades to complete. Painlevé’s depiction allows us to see the elements of Calder's work that mark it as akin to Painlevé’s own interest in a modern experimental organicism as central to the so-called machine-age. Calder's work can be understood as similarly developing an avant-garde practice along the line between the bestiary of the natural historian and the bestiary of the modern life scientist.

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