scholarly journals THE ANALYSIS OF ADMISSIBLE LEVEL OF FORMALDEHYDE IN AIR

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Egor Razinkov
Keyword(s):  
General Purpose ◽  
Void Volume ◽  
Living Room ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Formaldehyde In Air ◽  
Gas Contamination ◽  
Intermediate Density

By production of glued and plate wood-base materials with use of carboamidoformaldehyde pitches (KFS) the main lack of technology of which is toxicity of these materials to the person. Toxicity is caused by allocation from these materials of gas, harmful to the person, - formaldehyde which is cancerogenic substance. Wood-shaving plates from needle (DSTP) and large-size shaving (OSB), fiber boards (DVP) including the Intermediate-density fiberboard (MDF), and also plywood of general purpose and different types of special plywood (decorative, bakelized, etc.), first of all, belong to such materials. The Russian Ministry of Health has established very strict requirements on release of formaldehyde in air both in premises, and in free air the admissible level of which makes (DU) only 0,01 mg/m3 of air when testing materials by chamber method. The plate materials released now can exceed DU of 17 times stated above. Especially it concerns DSTP. Despite attempts of institute Vniidrev through appeals to relevant authorities of the Ministry of Health to increase such admissible level in our country, generally for plate materials, were not crowned with success yet and this level in real time remains in force. It is possible to use such plates in premises only at very small saturation them room void volume (the saturation is defined as the relation of surface area of plates indoors to room void volume). So, by our researches for example it is proved that the written dvukhtumbovy table made of DSTP of class of release of formaldehyde E2 can be established in living room of 20 sq.m only one and no more. Only in this case, at small saturation room void volume plates, the release of formaldehyde in air of the room will meet requirements of domestic DU. In premises the case furniture is in reality with much bigger saturation that leads to room gas contamination formaldehyde. In too time abroad formaldehyde size DU in air much more also makes 0,124 mg/m3 of air. In this regard the purpose of our work consisted in the analysis of DU of formaldehyde in air of foreign researches.

scholarly journals SATURATION RESEARCH MAKSIMALNY BY WOOD-SHAVING PLATES OF PREMISES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Savinkov
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Void Volume ◽  
Concentration Limit ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Concentration Maximum ◽  
Wood Shaving ◽  
Formaldehyde In Air ◽  
Room Volume

The wood-shaving plates (DSTP) released by the domestic industry with use of carboamidoformaldehyde pitches (KFS) have very essential shortcoming connected with their toxicity because of considerable allocation from them gas, harmful to the person, - formaldehyde. In recent years formaldehyde is recognized as substance, cancerogenic for the person. It concerns different type of plates: from needle (DSTP) and large-size shaving (OSB), fiber boards (DVP), including medium-density DP-SP (or MDF). The Russian Ministry of Health has established very strict requirements on release of formaldehyde in air both in premises, and in free air the admissible level of which (DU and maximum-permissible concentration – maximum concentration limit) makes only 0,01 mg/m3 of air when testing materials by chamber method. The plate materials released now can exceed DU of 17 times stated above. Despite attempts of institute Vniidrev through appeals to relevant authorities of the Ministry of Health to increase such admissible level in our country, generally for plate materials, were not crowned with success yet and this level in real time remains in force. It is possible to use such plates in premises only at very small saturation room void volume plates (the saturation is defined as the relation of surface area of plates indoors to room void volume). In foreign practice of DU of formaldehyde in air much higher and makes 0,124 mg/m3 of air. Results of researches of the maximum saturation (the relation of surface area of plates to room volume) depending on class of emission of DSTP and DU formaldehyde at values 0,01 and 0,124 of mg/m3 of air in relation to premises are given in the real work.

Konrad Zuse and his Plankalkül: The Hope to Emerge from the Sleep of Sleeping Beauty

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 249-265
Author(s):  
Carla Petrocelli
Keyword(s):  
Programming Languages ◽  
Predicate Logic ◽  
Sleeping Beauty ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Formal Logic ◽  
Writing Programs ◽  
Living Room ◽  
World War ◽  
Processing Data ◽  
Notational System

Germany, 1935: the engineer Konrad Zuse (1910–1995), in the living room of his Berlin house, devotes himself to the design and construction of a binary, programmable machine, the Z1, capable of processing data in a fast and efficient way. While building his machines, he also started to devise a conceptual and notational system for writing ‘programs’ to execute applications much more complex than the basic arithmetic calculations. He delved deep into the study of formal logic in order to work out his “computation plan”, the Plankalkül. Although the Plan Calculus didn't exercise much impact on German post-World War hardships, it displays all the traits currently recognized as standard features of modern programming languages. The aim of the present study is to highlight the general purpose and technical specifics of this language, its historical and scientific background, and the philosophical inspiration leading Konrad Zuse to employ the predicate logic in the formalization of the “computation projects” for his machines.

MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY WITH PREFERENTIAL AFFINITY FOR LARGE MULTIMERS OF VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomiko Ryu ◽  
Akiko Nakayama ◽  
Atsushi Oguchi ◽  
Tadatoshi Kinoshita ◽  
Mutsuyoshi Kazama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Void Volume ◽  
Size Fractions ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Function Relationship ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Willebrand Factor

von Willebrand factor (vWF) consists of a series of multimers of 270,000 mol. wt. subunits. Ristocetin cofactor activity (vWF:RCo) and capacity of binding to platelets of vWF are associated with large multimers, and Type IIA von Willebrand's disease (vWD) is characterized by lack of the large multimers. The significance of multimeric structure in relation to vWF function remains unclear. We obtained a monoclonal antibody (MAb) to human vWF which inhibited ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation. This antibody proved to bind preferentially to larger multimers by the finding that the MAb-conjugated Sepharose adsorbed large multimers of vWF from cryoprecipitates, leaving small multimers unadsorbed. vWF:Ag levels of noraml subjects determined by ELISA using the MAb correlated well with those by ELISA using polyclonal antibody (PAb) to vWF. When the plasma from patients with Type IIA vWD and platelet type vWD were examined, the values obtained by the MAb ELISA had a good correlation with vWF:RCo, but were lower than the values obtained by the PAb ELISA. In gel filtration of factor VIII concentrate, vWF:Ag detected by the MAb and vWF:RCo were present in the void volume and large size fractions, whereas vWF:Ag detectable with PAb appeared broadly from the void volume to smaller size fractions. The MAb inhibited ristocetin-dependent binding of vWF to platelets, but did not affect ADP-induced binding of vWF to platelets. These findings suggest that the large multimers have a function-associated specific structure which is absent in the small multimers, and the MAb will be useful for the investigation of multimer-function relationship of vWF.

Fractionation of large glycopeptides of human teratocarcinoma-derived cells by concanavalin A – Sepharose chromatography

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maija-Liisa Rasilo
Keyword(s):  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Neuraminic Acid ◽  
Void Volume ◽  
Con A ◽  
The Third ◽  
Large Size

Human teratocarcinoma derived cells, line PA 1, were labeled with radioactive monosaccharides and subsequently digested with pronase. Large sized glycopeptides (fraction A) were isolated by gel filtration on Bio-Gel P-10. Their chromatography on concanavalin A – Sepharose gave three subfractions, two of which were eluted with a sugar-free buffer and the third with 10 mM α-methyl mannoside. The first subfraction (fraction A – Con A Ia) incorporated label from [3H]galactose and [3H]glucosamine and contained the largest components of fraction A. The second and the third subfractions (fractions A – Con A Ib and A – Con A II) were glycopeptides which incorporated label from tritiated fucose, mannose, galactose, and glucosamine. Even these molecules were of large size eluting partially at the void volume from Bio-Gel P-60. The glycopeptides of fraction A – Con A Ib contained mannose, fucose, galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, and N-acetylgalactosamine. Fucose and galactose residues occupied ultimate or penultimate positions at the nonreducing termini of the oligosaccharides. N-Acetyl-neuraminic acid, too, was present in the glycopeptides of fraction A.

Research and Simplified Calculation of a New-Type Forging Flange under Bending Moments

2013 ◽  
Vol 849 ◽  
pp. 351-356
Author(s):  
Qin Li ◽  
Cheng Cheng Li ◽  
Chen Feng Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Analysis ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Rotational Axis ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Flange Joint ◽  
Maximum Moment ◽  
Large Size ◽  
New Type ◽  
Simplified Calculation

For the main connection of large-size steel poles, the paper presents a new-type forging flange joint with outer and inner ring bolts. The proposed mode of this flange and other mechanics parameters are used in Bai huadong steel poles. Nonlinear analysis simulating by the general-purpose FE software ANSYS is applied in calculation of bolts rotational axis. Finally, according to the flexure theory, the formula of maximum moment in flange plate is proposed.

Coherency loss in γ' precipitates in nickel-base superalloy

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 244-245
Author(s):  
R. A. Ricks ◽  
Angus J. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Mismatch ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Nickel Base Superalloy ◽  
Large Size ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Nimonic 80A ◽  
Interfacial Dislocations ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Coherency Loss ◽  
Nimonic 115

During a recent investigation concerning the growth of γ' precipitates in nickel-base superalloys it was observed that the sign of the lattice mismatch between the coherent particles and the matrix (γ) was important in determining the ease with which matrix dislocations could be incorporated into the interface to relieve coherency strains. Thus alloys with a negative misfit (ie. the γ' lattice parameter was smaller than the matrix) could lose coherency easily and γ/γ' interfaces would exhibit regularly spaced networks of dislocations, as shown in figure 1 for the case of Nimonic 115 (misfit = -0.15%). In contrast, γ' particles in alloys with a positive misfit could grow to a large size and not show any such dislocation arrangements in the interface, thus indicating that coherency had not been lost. Figure 2 depicts a large γ' precipitate in Nimonic 80A (misfit = +0.32%) showing few interfacial dislocations.

Automatic analysis of Kikuchi diffraction patterns

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 900-901
Author(s):  
H. Weiland ◽  
D. P. Field
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
New Type ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Orientation Determination

Recent advances in the automatic indexing of backscatter Kikuchi diffraction patterns on the scanning electron microscope (SEM) has resulted in the development of a new type of microscopy. The ability to obtain statistically relevant information on the spatial distribution of crystallite orientations is giving rise to new insight into polycrystalline microstructures and their relation to materials properties. A limitation of the technique in the SEM is that the spatial resolution of the measurement is restricted by the relatively large size of the electron beam in relation to various microstructural features. Typically the spatial resolution in the SEM is limited to about half a micron or greater. Heavily worked structures exhibit microstructural features much finer than this and require resolution on the order of nanometers for accurate characterization. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) techniques offer sufficient resolution to investigate heavily worked crystalline materials.Crystal lattice orientation determination from Kikuchi diffraction patterns in the TEM (Figure 1) requires knowledge of the relative positions of at least three non-parallel Kikuchi line pairs in relation to the crystallite and the electron beam.

Immunoprobe localization in mammalian embryos

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
Patricia G. Calarco ◽  
Margaret C. Siebert
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Relative Lack ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Mammalian Embryos ◽  
Antigen Localization ◽  
Difficult Challenge ◽  
Lowicryl K4m ◽  
Fertilized Egg

Visualization of preimplantation mammalian embryos by electron microscopy is difficult due to the large size of the ircells, their relative lack of internal structure, and their highly hydrated cytoplasm. For example, the fertilized egg of the mouse is a single cell of approximately 75μ in diameter with little organized cytoskelet on and apaucity ofor ganelles such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi material. Thus, techniques that work well on tissues or cell lines are often not adaptable to embryos at either the LM or EM level.Over several years we have perfected techniques for visualization of mammalian embryos by LM and TEM, SEM and for the pre-embedding localization of antigens. Post-embedding antigenlocalization in thin sections of mouse oocytes and embryos has presented a more difficult challenge and has been explored in LR White, LR Gold, soft EPON (after etching of sections), and Lowicryl K4M. To date, antigen localization has only been achieved in Lowicryl-embedded material, although even with polymerization at-40°C, the small ER vesicles characteristic of embryos are unrecognizable.

Vibration Isolator System for Electron Microscope

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-183
Author(s):  
K. Ohi ◽  
M. Mizuno ◽  
T. Kasai ◽  
Y. Ohkura ◽  
K. Mizuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Vibration Isolator ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Vibration Isolators ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Electron Microscopes

In recent years, with electron microscopes coming into wider use, their installation environments do not necessarily give their performance full play. Their environmental conditions include air-conditioners, magnetic fields, and vibrations. We report a jointly developed entirely new vibration isolator which is effective against the vibrations transmitted from the floor.Conventionally, large-sized vibration isolators which need the digging of a pit have been used. These vibration isolators, however, are large present problems of installation and maintenance because of their large-size.Thus, we intended to make a vibration isolator which1) eliminates the need for changing the installation room2) eliminates the need of maintenance and3) are compact in size and easily installable.

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