scholarly journals Effect of Scouring and Bleaching Agents on whiteness Index and Bursting Strength of Cotton Knitted Fabric

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
MD. Tofazzal Hossain ◽  
Alimran Hossain ◽  
Palash Kumar Saha ◽  
MD. Zahangir Alam
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Caustic Soda ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Knitted Fabric ◽  
Bleaching Agent ◽  
Calcium Hypochlorite ◽  
Bleaching Process ◽  
Whiteness Index ◽  
Bursting Strength ◽  
Cotton Knitted Fabric

This paper shows the effect of different bleaching agent on whiteness index and bursting strength of the cotton knitted fabric. Bleaching process uses three types of bleaching agents namely hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and calcium hypochlorite Ca(OCl)2 with varying their concentration and these are 1.5 g/l, 2.5 g/l, 3.5 g/l, 4.5 g/l, and 5.5 g/l. In the same time, scouring agent was caustic soda, and its concentration for all the bleaching agents was same. It is obvious that with the increase of bleaching agent concentration, whiteness index increases, and bursting strength reduces.

scholarly journals Comparative study of conventional and enzymatic pretreatment (scouring & bleaching) of cotton knitted fabric

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Mahbubul Bashar ◽  
Md. Abu Bakar Siddiquee ◽  
Priti Sarker ◽  
Tanzina Tasmina Tohfa ◽  
Amjad Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Caustic Soda ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Knitted Fabric ◽  
Enzymatic Process ◽  
Enzymatic Pretreatment ◽  
Conventional Process ◽  
Cotton Knitted Fabric

The scouring and bleaching performance of conventional process (hydrogen peroxide, sodium hydroxide), was compared to that of enzymatic process using enzyme (arylesterase) which catalyst the discontinuous peroxide reaction. The whiteness and reflectance% indicating bleaching performance and absorbency and weight loss % was used as a measure of the scouring performance. Comparison of these performance and the effects are analyzed by using graphical representation. The weight loss% of enzymatic process was less than conventional process. In conventional process the reflectance % and absorbency increased and whiteness decreased with the increasing of concentration of caustic soda and the aforementioned properties were increased with the increasing of concentration of H2O2. In enzymatic process the reflectance % of cotton fabric increased and whiteness and absorbency fluctuated with the increasing of concentration of enzyme. Meanwhile reflectance %, absorbency and whiteness increased with the increasing of concentration of hydrogen peroxide. Enzymatic process was found eco-friendly process as it was occurred in neutral pH and the COD of this process was less than conventional process. It was found that the enzymatic process was superior to the conventional process under the conditions studied. Keywords: Scouring, bleaching, conventional, enzymatic pretreatment.

scholarly journals A Fuzzy MADM Approach for Selecting the Best Cyanide Removal Method from a Gold Mine Wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hayati ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Seyed Alizadeh Ganji ◽  
Seyed Hadi Shahcheraghi
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Fuzzy Topsis ◽  
Gold Mine ◽  
Calcium Hypochlorite ◽  
Gold Mines ◽  
Removal Method ◽  
Fuzzy Delphi ◽  
Cyanide Removal

Abstract The cyanidation process is the most common method applied for the extraction of gold and silver in the hydrometallurgy industry, in which, sodium cyanide is used as a leaching agent. Therefore, the wastewater of gold mines contains a wide variety of cyanide ions needing to be removed before these wastewaters can be discharged to the receiving environments. In this study, a fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making approach (Fuzzy Delphi AHP and Fuzzy TOPSIS) was used for selecting the best cyanide removal method from the wastewater of Muteh gold mine. According to the experts' opinion, three methods including calcium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite were selected as alternatives. Then, by introducing the criteria influencing decision making, including cyanide removal ability, cost of process, amount of material consumed, time, pH, ease of performance and safety, and performing separated experiments, the criteria for each of three methods were determined. Finally, sodium hypochlorite was proposed as the best method for eliminating cyanide from wastewater. It was found that the rank of methods was as sodium hypochlorite (0.517) > calcium hypochlorite (0.474) > hydrogen peroxide (0.463).

scholarly journals A Study on Damage to PLA Knitted Fabrics During Scouring and Bleaching

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulzar A. Baig ◽  
Chris M. Carr
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Polymer Structure ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Sodium Chlorite ◽  
Knitted Fabric ◽  
Fiber Structure ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
High Alkali

Abstract Ingeo® PLA (polylactic acid) knitted fabric was scoured through an exhaust technique. The scouring was carried out with sodium carbonate in the presence of a detergent at various concentrations and temperatures. The scoured fabric was bleached with various oxidative bleaching agents. Bleaching was carried out with hydrogen peroxide, sodium chlorite and sodium hypochlorite. Hydrogen peroxide was applied by exhaust and cold pad batch (CPB) techniques. It was observed that during scouring PLA fabric was degraded at high alkali concentrations and processing temperatures. The scouring temperature above 60ºC proved to be deleterious due to the scouring solution penetrating into the polymer structure and damaged the fiber. Sodium chlorite and sodium hypochlorite caused little damage to the mechanical properties of PLA. Hydrogen peroxide when applied by the CPB technique did not reduce strength appreciably but when applied by the exhaust technique decreased the strength significantly. SEM analysis revealed that hydrogen peroxide caused holes and slit formation in the fiber structure.

Procedural Change in the Official Method for the Extraction of Light Filth from Cocoa, Chocolate, and Press Cake

1975 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 1302-1302
Author(s):  
Paris M Brickey ◽  
John S Gecan
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Press Cake ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Bleaching Agent ◽  
Procedural Change

Abstract The bleaching agent used for the extraction of light filth from cocoa, chocolate, and press cake has been changed from hydrogen peroxide to sodium hypochlorite. Although hydrogen peroxide has many advantages, it also bleaches light colored fragments of insect cuticles, thus making counting difficult. The change has been adopted as official and 44.006(d) will be revised.

scholarly journals Kennel Disinfectants forMicrosporum canisandTrichophytonsp.

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen A. Moriello
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Growth Control ◽  
Calcium Hypochlorite ◽  
Good Efficacy ◽  
Antifungal Efficacy ◽  
Potassium Peroxymonosulfate

The antifungal efficacy of commonly used kennel disinfectants for large surfaces was tested using naturally infective material from untreated animals (M. canisandTrichophytonsp.) soaked and macerated but unfiltered leaving visible fluorescing hairs and/or scales in the test inoculum to create a robust challenge. Disinfectants included sodium hypochlorite (1 : 32 and 1 : 100), enilconazole (1 : 100), accelerated hydrogen peroxide (1 : 16), potassium peroxymonosulfate (1% and 2%), and calcium hypochlorite “dry bleach.” Disinfectants were tested at a 1 : 10, 1 : 5, and 1 : 1 dilution of test inoculum to disinfectant with a 10 min contact time. Good efficacy was defined as a disinfectant resulting in no growth. Control plates grew >300 colonies of each pathogen per plate. Enilconazole, sodium hypochlorite (all dilutions), accelerated hydrogen peroxide, and 2% potassium peroxymonosulfate (but not 1%) inhibited all growth of both pathogens at 1 : 10, 1 : 5, and 1 : 1 dilutions. Calcium hypochlorite showed no antifungal efficacy (>300 colonies per plate). Enilconazole (1 : 100), sodium hypochlorite (1 : 32 or 1 : 100), accelerated hydrogen peroxide (1 : 16), and 2% potassium peroxymonosulfate are recommended for decontamination of kennels exposed to dermatophyte pathogens.

scholarly journals Isolation, Definition and Chemical Control some of the Bacteria that Cause Contamination of Wall Paintings in Caves

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Fatma. M. A El-Gorj ◽  
M. A. Aisha ◽  
W.O. Maznah
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
Dna Polymorphisms ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Wall Paintings ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Calcium Hypochlorite ◽  
Blast Search ◽  
Niah Cave

Background: Caves are unique natural features and habitats where specialized organisms grow. One of the world’s main concerns is that of the conservation and preservation of our cultural heritage, including rock art and wall paintings within caves. Methods: This study was conducted by collecting the samples scraped from wall surfaces at 19 different location in painted caves of Niah cave, Sarawak, and Tempurung cave, Perak. Morphospecies identification and genomic DNA polymorphisms were used to identify the two strains of bacteria. The growth was controlled chemical method using sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), Calcium hypochlorite Ca(OCl)2 and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Results: Morphospecies identification was carried out using a light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), both the bacteria, bacteria I and bacteria II were isolated from the soil samples and were Gram-negative bacteria. Based on BLAST search, bacteria I showed 100% with Stenotrophomonas sp (NR 024708.1), and bacteria II showed 100% with Cryptococcus liquefaciens (NR 043289. 1). The growth was controlled chemical method using sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), Calcium hypochlorite Ca(OCl)2 and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). The laboratory studies showed that three chemical were effectively eliminated colonies/cells of the both bacteria compared to the colonies found on the control pate this study.

Bleaching and Staining Procedure for Microscopic Counting of Insect Fragments and Rodent Hairs in Ground Cocoa Bean Products

1970 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 913-913
Author(s):  
Paris M Brickey ◽  
John S Gecan
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Picric Acid ◽  
Cocoa Bean ◽  
Staining Procedure ◽  
Bleaching Agent ◽  
Microscopic Counting

Abstract Ground cocoa bean tissue is decolorized with hydrogen peroxide, then stained with picric acid to make decolorized hairs visible. Hydrogen peroxide does not destroy rodent hairs or decolorize insect fragments as does sodium hypochlorite which has previously been recommended by several researchers as a plant bleaching agent.

Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching of Cationized Cotton Fabric

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Sha Fu ◽  
Matthew J. Farrell ◽  
Mary A. Ankeny ◽  
Edwin T. Turner ◽  
Victoria Rizk
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Statistical Model ◽  
Magnesium Sulfate ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Bleaching Agent ◽  
Color Strength ◽  
Whiteness Index ◽  
Peroxide Bleaching ◽  
Screening Experiment

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is the most commonly used bleaching agent for cotton fabric. However, the conventional H2O2 bleaching formula is not applicable for cationized cotton due to the low whiteness index after bleaching, fabric weakening, and a significant loss of cationic sites. In this work, magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) was added in the H2O2 bleaching formula to stabilize the bleaching system for cationized cotton. Additionally, a screening experiment with temperature and time, and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), H2O2, and MgSO4 concentrations as the factors, and whiteness index, bursting strength, and color strength from dyeing as the responses, was formulated. A statistical model was created using JMP software, which demonstrated how the bleaching conditions influenced the fabric properties. This procedure can be useful for bleaching cationized cotton in production settings.

scholarly journals An Effective Degumming Enzyme fromBacillussp. Y1 and Synergistic Action of Hydrogen Peroxide and Protease on Enzymatic Degumming of Ramie Fibers

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenfen Guo ◽  
Mouyong Zou ◽  
Xuezhi Li ◽  
Jian Zhao ◽  
Yinbo Qu
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Synergistic Action ◽  
Crude Enzyme ◽  
Chemical Processing ◽  
Bleaching Agent ◽  
Wide Scope ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Bleaching Process ◽  
Enzymatic Degumming ◽  
Ramie Fibers

Enzymatic degumming, as an alternative to chemical processing, has attracted wide attention. However, to date, little information about other enzyme components with effective degumming except pectinase has been reported, and there is no report about the effect of bleaching agent (H2O2) on enzymatic degumming and combining enzymatic degumming and H2O2bleaching process. In this study, we found that the crude enzyme of wild-typeBacillussp. Y1 had a powerful and fast degumming ability. Its PGL activity was the highest at pH 9.6–10.0 and60°Cand stable at pH 7–10.5 and 30–50°C, having a wide scope of pH and temperature. Its PGL also had a high H2O2tolerance, and the gum loss and brightness of fibers could be significantly improved when H2O2was added into it for degumming. The synergistic action was also found between it and H2O2on the degumming and bleaching of ramie fibers. All showed that it was very suitable for a joint process of enzymatic degumming and H2O2bleaching. It also contained more proteins compared with a control pectinase, and its high protease content was further substantiated as a factor for effective degumming. Protease and pectinase also had a synergistic action on degumming.

scholarly journals An Eco-Friendly Approach Towards Bleaching Process for Whitening of Kydia calycina Fibres Instead of Hydrogen Peroxide

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 883-891
Author(s):  
Tayyaba Fatma ◽  
Shahnaz Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Sodium Perborate ◽  
Bleaching Process ◽  
Whiteness Index ◽  
Pectinase Enzyme

This study was conducted to sustain the eco-friendly approach for bleaching of Kydia calycina fibres. The Kydia calycina fibres were extracted from the young shoots of Kydia calycina plant through water retting and then the extracted fibres were scoured with pectinase enzyme. After that, the scoured Kydia calycina fibres were bleached with three different methods. Among them, the best bleaching method was selected on the basis of tenacity, elongation, fineness, fibre length, weight loss and whiteness index. The concentration of sodium perborate, concentration of TAED, time and temperature of selected bleaching method were optimised using SAS software. At optimisation stage, tenacity, elongation, fineness and whiteness index of bleached fibres were tested. The results indicated that TAED activated sodium perborate showed better tenacity (3.81 g/d), elongation (2.09 %), fineness (22.92 denier) and maximum whiteness index (68.67) at optimised variables including concentration of sodium hydroxide (5 g/l), concentration of TAED (3 g/l), time (60 min) and temperature (500 C).

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