Contribution and Constraints for the Involvement of People Living with HIV in HIV Prevention and Control Activities: A Qualitative Study at Mandalay Region, 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
And Control ◽  
Hiv Aids

There were nearly 170 positive self-help groups of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in 2013 in Myanmar. This study was conducted at Mandalay City and two townships from Mandalay Region during 2016 to assess the contribution of PLHIV in HIV prevention and control related activities, and identify the challenges for the sustainability of their contribution. Seven focus group discussions with six to seven PLHIV in each group, eight indepth interviews with leaders of HIV positive groups, and two key informant interviews with team leaders of HIV/AIDS were conducted. The average age of respondents was 40 years, male and female ratio was 1:5. The average years of involvement in HIV/AIDS-related activities was 4 years. Generally, PLHIV were very supportive especially to the AIDS/ STD teams which have limited human resources. The achievement of PLHIV involvement could be mainly seen in condom promotion and distribution to vulnerable groups, HIV-test counseling, supporting PLHIV from hard-to-reach areas and with poor socio-economic conditions, assisting in antiretroviral therapy (ART) provision at AIDS/STD teams, home-based care for the HIV positive adult and children, and referring people to get HIV tested and ART treatment. Areas and activities which need to be focused were also reported. The key challenges for the sustainability of their contribution were poor resource of basic equipments and facilities especially the place and funding for office, the lower interest of PLHIV and poor technical knowledge to develop income generation activities, the changing attitudes of PLHIV on their involvement, and uncertain future plans of PLHIV groups. To conclude, the challenges among PLHIV groups should be addressed by National AIDS Programme.

scholarly journals Factors associated with stigma and discrimination towards people living with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binyam Tariku Seboka ◽  
Samuel Hailegebreal ◽  
Delelegn Emwodew Yehualashet ◽  
Abel Desalegn Demeke
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
And Control ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background: HIV is a major public health concern in many developing countries. HIV related discriminatory attitudes or stigmas considered as a key in the prevention and control of HIV prevalence. This work evaluated the overall attitude of the population towards people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Ethiopia, which helps in the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS. Methods: Secondary data was obtained from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. Data included 20,770 samples of women and men between the ages of 15 to 49 years, which is a nationally representative sample in Ethiopia. Analytical methods used in this paper include descriptive analysis and multivariate logistic regression to identify factors associated with discriminatory attitudes .Results: A total of 20,770 samples who have heard about HIV/AIDS were included in the analysis. Out of this, 41% of respondents said they would not buy fresh vegetables from vendor and 34.1% of them indicated HIV positive children should not attend school with HIV negative children. Multivariate Logistic regression results indicated having discriminatory attitudes were associated with the lack of knowledge of HIV/AIDS prevention methods, endorsement transmission misconceptions, and never have been tested for HIV. Furthermore, respondents reside in rural areas, lack of formal education, belonging to poor wealth quantile, and lack of media exposure shows a higher level of discriminatory attitudes.Conclusion: The findings of this research showed a high magnitude of stigma towards people living with HIV/AIDS among reproductive age women and men in Ethiopia. For stigma and discriminatory attitudes to be decreased interventions should focused on improving HIV related knowledge’s through mass medias such as television and newspapers, especially through medias that can address the rural community.

Epidemiology of HIV in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-236
Author(s):  
Zeinab Najafi ◽  
Leila Taj ◽  
Omid Dadras ◽  
Fatemeh Ghadimi ◽  
Banafsheh Moradmand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Key Populations ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
First Case ◽  
And Control ◽  
Hiv Aids

: Iran has been one of the active countries fighting against HIV/AIDS in the Middle East during the last decades. Moreover, there is a strong push to strengthen the national health management system concerning HIV prevention and control. In Iran, HIV disease has its unique features, from changes in modes of transmission to improvement in treatment and care programs, which can make it a good case for closer scrutiny. The present review describes the HIV epidemic in Iran from the first case diagnosed until prevention among different groups at risk and co-infections. Not only we addressed the key populations and community-based attempts to overcome HIV-related issues in clinics, but we also elaborated on the efforts and trends in society and the actual behaviors related to HIV/AIDS. Being located in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, given the countryspecific characteristics, and despite all the national efforts along with other countries in this region, Iran still needs to take extra measures to reduce HIV transmission, especially in health education. Although Iran is one of the pioneers in implementing applicable and appropriate policies in the MENA region, including harm reduction services to reduce HIV incidence, people with substance use disorder continue to be the majority of those living with HIV in the country. Similar to other countries in this region, the HIV prevention and control programs aim at 90-90-90 targets to eliminate HIV infection and reduce the transmission, especially the mother-to-child transmission and among other key populations.

scholarly journals Food consumption and nutritional status of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA): a case of Thika and Bungoma Districts, Kenya

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Nafula Kuria
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

AbstractObjectiveTo establish the food consumption, dietary habits and nutritional status of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and adults whose HIV status is not established.DesignCross-sectional descriptive survey.SettingThika and Bungoma Districts, Kenya.SubjectsA random sample of 439 adults; 174 adults living with HIV/AIDS and 265 adults whose HIV/AIDS status was not established in Thika and Bungoma Districts.ResultsMajority of PLWHA consume foods that are low in nutrients to build up the immune system and help maintain adequate weight, and there is little variety in the foods they consume. More adults who are HIV-positive are undernourished than those whose status is not established. Of the HIV-positive adults, those with a BMI of ≤18·5 kg/m2 were 23·6 % (Thika 20·0 % and Bungoma 25·7 %) while of the adults whose status is not established those with BMI ≤ 18·5 kg/m2 were 13·9 % (Thika 9·3 % and Bungoma 16·7 %).ConclusionsAdults who are HIV-positive are more likely to be undernourished than those whose status is not established, as there is a significant difference (P = 0·000) between the nutritional status (BMI) of PLWHA and those whose HIV/AIDS status is not established. PLWHA consume foods that are low in nutrients to promote their nutritional well-being and health.

scholarly journals Kebijakan Pengendalian HIV/AIDS di Denpasar

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Tri Rini Puji Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
District Health ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City ◽  
Government Perspective ◽  
Hiv Aids

Secara nasional, Indonesia telah mengantisipasi epidemi HIV/AIDS, tetapi jumlah kasus HIV/AIDS di Provinsi Bali dari tahun ke tahun memperlihatkan peningkatan yang semakin mengkhawatirkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan jumlah kasus dan kebijakan penanggulangan HIV/AIDS di Denpasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang dilakukan di Denpasar pada tanggal 11-17 September 2011. Sampel penelitian ini menggunakan informan terpilih yaitu kepala bappeda, pejabat Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Denpasar, direktur rumah sakit, puskesmas, ketua komisi penanggulangan AIDS di kabupaten/kota dan pemerhati HIV/AIDS termasuk ODHA. Penelitian menemukan jumlah kasus HIV/AIDS di Kota Denpasar yang tertinggi dan penularan terbesarnya melalui hubungan seks. Namun, dukungan pemerintah daerah dalam upaya pencegahan dan penanggulangan HIV/AIDS terlihat belum maksimal. Padahal kebijakan penanggulangan HIV/AIDS sangat ditentukan oleh cara pandang pemerintah terhadap penyakit HIV/AIDS. Untuk itu, perlu peningkatan pemahaman tentang HIV/AIDS serta pencegahan dan penanganan semua pihak terkait sehingga penanggulangan HIV/AIDS dapat lebih efektif, efisien, dan tepat sasaran.Nationally, Indonesia anticipated HIV/AIDS epidemic, but the number of cases of HIV/AIDS in Bali province from year to year showed an increase in the increasingly alarming. This study aimed to determine the number of cases and the development of policies on HIV / AIDS in Denpasar. This research was conducted using qualitative methods in Denpasar on 11-17 September 2011. The study sample was selected using the informant is head of planning, Denpasar District health officers, the director of the hospital, health center, chairman of the commission on AIDS in the district/city and observer of HIV / AIDS, including people living with HIV. The study found the number of cases of HIV / AIDS in the city of Denpasar is the highest and greatest transmission through sexual intercourse. However, the support of local governments in efforts to prevent and control HIV/AIDS looks not maximized. In fact the policy of HIV/AIDS is largely determined by the government perspective on HIV / AIDS. To that end, should be an increased understanding of HIV/AIDS as well as prevention and treatment of all parties concerned. So that HIV/ AIDS can be more effective, efficient, and targeted.

scholarly journals Mapping evidence on adolescents’ HIV-positive status disclosure in sub-Saharan Africa: a protocol for a scoping review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patience Adzordor ◽  
Clement Avoka ◽  
Vitalis Bawontuo ◽  
Silas Agbesi ◽  
Desmond Kuupiel
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Keyword Search ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Status Disclosure ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) homes most of the people living with HIV/AIDS in the world. Adolescents/young people are a vulnerable population and at high risk of HIV infection. Identifying and bridging the research gaps on the disclosure of HIV-positive status among adolescents, particularly to their sexual partners, is essential to inform appropriate policy planning and implementation towards preventing HIV transmission. This study will aim to explore literature and describe the evidence on HIV-positive status disclosure among adolescents in SSA. Methods The framework provided by Arksey and O’Malley’s framework and improved by Levac and colleagues will be used to conduct a scoping review. A keyword search for relevant literature presenting evidence on HIV-positive status disclosure among adolescents in SSA will be conducted in CINAHL, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and SCOPUS. Date limitations will be removed, but Boolean terms “AND” and “OR” as well as Medical Subject Headings terms will be included where possible and syntax modified to suit the database during the search. Additional relevant articles will be sought from the reference lists of all included studies using a snowballing method. Two reviewers will independently screen the articles at the abstract and full-text screening phases in order to reduce bias and improve the reliability of this study’s findings. A tabular form will be developed using Microsoft Word and piloted for data extraction. Thematic content analysis will be conducted, and a narrative summary of all relevant outcomes reported. Quality appraisal of the included studies for this proposed study will be performed utilizing the recent mixed methods appraisal tool. Discussion The evidence produced by this review may help inform policy and strategies to reduce the incidence of HIV infection among adolescents and improve social support for adolescents living with HIV/AIDS in SSA. It may also reveal literature gaps to guide future researches to further inform HIV policies for adolescents in SSA. Platforms such as peer review journals, policy briefs, and conferences will be used to disseminate this study’s findings.

Implementation of HIV Prevention Interventions with People Living with HIV/AIDS in Clinical Settings: Challenges and Lessons Learned

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (S1) ◽  
pp. 17-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Koester ◽  
Andre Maiorana ◽  
Karen Vernon ◽  
Janet Myers ◽  
Carol Dawson Rose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
Hiv Prevention Interventions ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI VOLUNTARY COUNSELING TEST (VCT) TERHADAP ORANG DENGAN HIV/AIDS (ODHA) DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DR. SAIFUL ANWAR MALANG (RSSA)

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Kresna Abdi Parela
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Persuasive Communication ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Voluntary Counseling ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Communication Strategy Voluntary Counseling Test ( VCT ) Living with HIV / AIDS (PLWHA ) General Hospital Dr . Saiful Anwar ( RSSA ) HIV / AIDS is still one of the dreaded disease by a large part of society , because they still consider HIV / AIDS as a deadly disease , there is no cure and the disease is a curse . This is caused due to an incorrect myths about HIV / AIDS . Due to the myth, making people living with HIV / AIDS ( PLWHA ) are stigmatized and discrimination . Stigma and discrimination are two things that are often experienced by people living with HIV . Because of the stigma and discrimination that people living with HIV be afraid , afraid to open up for fear of being shut excluded so that people living with HIV and people living with HIV closure that makes HIV / AIDS is difficult to detect its spread . To overcome these problems , one of which is through Voluntary Counseling Test ( VCT ) . VCT counseling is an activity that provides psychological support , information and knowledge of HIV / AIDS , prevent the transmission of HIV, promote responsible behavior change, treatment and ensure solving various problems associated with HIV / VCT AIDS.Ada in two stages, namely the stage of Pre- Test and Post- Tests . In the Pre- test counseling is done stage by providing information about HIV / AIDS , prevention , transmission and window period . Pre- test counseling provides knowledge about the benefits of HIV testing , testing for decision making , and planning for issues facing HIV . After HIV Testing and Counseling Pre PLWHA PLWHA undergo the HIV test will undergo stages of post counseling where PLHIV will be conditioned to accept the results of the HIV test , get information about what to do if the results of his HIV test is positive or negative , and most importantly so that people living with HIV do not become stress , depression and despair. VCT is run by counselors who are trained and experienced in this study bidangnya.Pada researchers conducted a study using qualitative methods to the three counselors that have been set using purposive sampling method and data captured through interviews and counseling in VCT observasi.Ketika Pre Test and post- test , the counselor needs a communications strategy that will be used to affect people living with HIV in order to receive the message delivered by the counselor and the main thing is to change the behavior of people living with HIV. Based on the results of research conducted by the researchers of the communication strategy VCT Pre Test and Post- Test in Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang against people living with HIV , it was found that the result is a persuasive communication strategies used by counselors when doing koneling to PLWHA HIV Testing Pre and Communication , Information andEducation (CIE ) is a communication strategy that is used by counselors when counseling Post- test counseling is done by the counselor was tailored to what the existing problems in people living with HIV with the ultimate goal , namely a change in the behavior of people living with HIV.

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