The need of social, psychological and pedagogical support of children with special educational needs in modern Ukrainian psychology, in particular with speech disorders, is the task of the domestic science. The socio-cultural, psychological and pedagogical conditionality of special educational needs, the focus of all correctional and educational activities on the social development of the child in the context of the formation of competencies, taking into account individual and psychological characteristics and involving parents in this process have come to the forefront of theoretical and empirical research that emphasizes the relevance of the study. The purpose of the study is to empirically study the cognitive sphere of children with speech disorders, which is one of the important factors of their socialization. The method of theoretical analysis, generalization of scientific primary sources on the research problem, observation and psychodiagnostic testing are used. The focus of the research to identify features of cognitive and personal development of children with special educational needs is particularly important for theory and practice. This article shows that special characteristics of memory, attention, thought processes of children with speech disorders have gender characteristics;this should be taken into account in the process of organizing social space and the process of socialization. Furthermore, the positive attitude formed in children and the ability to evaluate themselves and their activities create the basis for the effective development of the cognitive sphere that is an extremely important task as it is due to them the child learns to establish cause-andeffect relationships, develop appropriate roles relations with adults and peers in and out of class, seek cooperation, show attention to others.
PROJEKTOWANIE UNIWERSALNE PRZESTRZENI W PRZEDSZKOLU JAKO ODPOWIEDŹ NA SZCZEGÓLNE POTRZEBY DZIECI
