scholarly journals An attempt to evaluate the influence of automated vehicles on traffic flow and design of road infrastructure

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (9) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Nina Kozaczka ◽  
Stanisław Gaca
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Automated Vehicles ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
The Road ◽  
Self Driving Cars ◽  
The Impact

The article evaluates the impact of autonomous vehicles on road infrastructure de- sign, road traffic conditions and safety based on a review of existing literature. Levels of driv- ing automation and equipment of self-driving vehicles were presented. Attention was drawn to the benefits of developing communication systems between vehicle and the environment. The possible negative impact of autonomous vehicles on mixed traffic capacity was noted. The potential needs to adapt the road infrastructure to the traffic flow of automated vehicles were also presented. Separation of the lane, dedicated to self-driving vehicles, with a high share of these vehicles was presented as an element that improves the flow of traffic and safe- ty. Keywords: Autonomous vehicles; Road infrastructure; Self-driving cars

scholarly journals Analysis of the advancements in real-life performance of highly automated vehicles' with regard to the road traffic safety

2018 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 05003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Matysiak ◽  
Paula Razin
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Automated Vehicles ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact

The article presents the analysis of the performance of the vehicles equipped with automated driving systems (ADS) which were tested in real-life road conditions from 2015 to 2017 in the state of California. It aims at the effort to assess the impact on the road safety the continuous technological advancements in driving automation might have, based on of the first large-scale, real-life test deployments. Vehicle manufacturers and other stakeholders testing the highly automated vehicles in California are obliged to issue yearly reports which provide an insight on the test scale as well as the technology maturity. The so-called 'disengagement reports' highlight the range and number of control takeovers between the ADS and driver, which are made either based on driver's decision or information provided by the vehicle itself. The analysis of these reports allowed to investigate the development made in automated driving technology throughout the years of tests, as well as the direct or indirect influence of the external factors (e.g. various weather conditions) on the ADS performance. The results show that there is still a significant gap in reliability and safety between human drivers and highly automated vehicles which has been yet steadily decreasing due to technology advancements made while driving in the specific infrastructure and traffic conditions of California.

scholarly journals Analysis of Incentives to Eco-Driving for Car Rental Companies’ Customers

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10579
Author(s):  
Michał Adamczak ◽  
Adrianna Toboła ◽  
Jadwiga Fijałkowska ◽  
Piotr Cyplik ◽  
Maciej Tórz
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Road ◽  
Car Rental ◽  
Car Wash ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact

The problem of road traffic is one of the key challenges that cities will have to deal with in the future. It is also a problem directly related to the concept of sustainable development. Reducing the negative impact of road traffic in future cities can be achieved through cooperation in the following areas: social—shaping customer behavior and habits, economic—changing attitudes towards owning a car, and environmental—aimed at reducing the vehicle’s impact on the natural environment. A literature review was used to identify the research gap concerning the impact of the incentive system on increasing the environmental performance of drivers under short-term rental. Referring to the research gap, the main goal of the article is to identify the attractiveness of eco-driving incentives for drivers under short-term rental. The study used the survey method. The study was based on 323 completed questionnaires (female—122 and male—201). The following methods were also used in the analysis of the results: Anderson–Darling, Mood’s Median test and Kruskal Wallis multiple pairwise comparisons. The evaluation of the attractiveness of the incentive to eco-driving depends on the characteristic of the client who rents the car. Thus, it is possible to shape incentive systems for car rental customers that can shape their positive behavior on the road. Among the most attractive incentives for eco-driving in a rented car are: the possibility of upgrading a car in the next rental, discount for future rental and free car-wash.

Research on Traffic Flow Redistribution Algorithm under the Traffic Accident

2012 ◽  
Vol 253-255 ◽  
pp. 1747-1750
Author(s):  
Yong Cun Zhu ◽  
Wen Yong Li ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Tao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Route Guidance ◽  
The Road ◽  
Allocation Method ◽  
The Right ◽  
Capacity Constrained ◽  
Dynamic Route ◽  
The Impact

To reduce traffic incident, it is imperative to take effective measures. This paper presents a dynamic route guidance method based on capacity constrained allocation method. Firstly, it analyzes the character of capacity constrained allocation method which takes into account the right of way and traffic load characteristics and used ant algorithms to optimize algorithm. Secondly, it integrates with multi-period continuous dynamic route guidance to realize the redistribution of road traffic flow . Finally, an example is took to prove that this manner can be a perfect solution to the road traffic evens on the impact of the road traffic flow.

scholarly journals A proposal of the acoustic climate index for assess traffic impact in a crossroad area

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 244-248
Author(s):  
Justyna Sordyl ◽  
Krzysztof Brzozowski
Keyword(s):  
Quality Index ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Climate Index ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Impact ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

The article presents a proposal for the definition of the acoustic climate quality index. The index is a measure to assess the negative impact of road traffic on the acoustic climate in the immediate vicinity of the road infrastructure. This measure will be useful in systems whose task is to assess the impact of road transport in short periods of time. The index was used to assess the acoustic climate in the crossroad area monitored due to traffic noise in near real time.

scholarly journals Impact of Parking Maneuvers on the Capacity of the Inlets of Intersections with Traffic Lights for Road Traffic Conditions in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
Agata Kurek ◽  
Elżbieta Macioszek
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact

The goal of smart cities and sustainable transport is to ensure the efficient movement of people while minimizing a negative impact on the environment. Many cities around the world conduct a policy aimed at limiting parking spaces; however, the complete elimination of parking spaces in cities currently does not seem possible. Parking vehicles cause disturbances in road traffic by searching for a parking space and performing the parking maneuver. This article analyzes the impact of the parking maneuver on the capacity of the inlets of intersections with traffic lights, and the significance of the time it takes to enter and exit a parking space on road traffic disturbance areas under Polish conditions. The research is carried out in on-street parking, characterized by different positions of the parking space to the road, the different surfaces of parking spaces, and the geometry of the road next to which the parking spaces are located. Differences in the time of entry to and exit from the parking space between the research areas indicate that different characteristics of the parking spaces affect the time of the parking maneuver. Drivers wait for the acceptable distance between vehicles on the road into which the vehicle can exit from the parking space. Drivers exiting from perpendicular parking spaces more often cause traffic disruptions than in the case of parallel parking spaces, due to limited visibility. The occupancy of parking spaces directly next to the analyzed ones also affects the time of entry to and exit from the parking space. However, between the time of entry to or exit from the parking space, and the use of the parking space, there is no relationship. This finding indicates that more factors determine the time of entry to and exit from the parking space. The results presented in the article show the need to conduct further research on the impact of parking maneuvers on the capacity of intersections with traffic lights for road traffic conditions in Poland. The results of the research will allow for the design and construction of an optimal parking infrastructure that will meet the needs of road users, while minimizing the negative impact on road conditions and the natural environment following sustainable development.

scholarly journals The Impact of Automated Vehicles on Traffic Flow and Road Capacity on Urban Road Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ji Eun Park ◽  
Wanhee Byun ◽  
Youngchan Kim ◽  
Hyeonjun Ahn ◽  
Doh Kyoum Shin
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Automated Vehicles ◽  
Average Delay ◽  
The Road ◽  
Capacity Increase ◽  
Road Capacity ◽  
The Impact

Automated vehicles (AVs) are believed to have great potential to improve the traffic capacity and efficiency of the current transport systems. Despite positive findings of the impact of AVs on traffic flow and potential road capacity increase for highways, few studies have been performed regarding the impact of AVs on urban roads. Moreover, studies considering traffic volume increase with a mixture of AVs and human-driven vehicles (HDVs) have rarely been conducted. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of gradual increments of AV penetration and traffic volume on urban roads. The study adopted a microsimulation approach using VISSIM with a Wiedmann 74 model for car-following behavior. Parameters for AVs were set at the SAE level 4 of automation. A real road network was chosen for the simulation having 13 intersections in a total distance of 4.5 km. The road network had various numbers of lanes from a single lane to five lanes in one direction. The network consists of a main arterial road and a parallel road serving nearby commercial and residential blocks. In total, 36 scenarios were investigated by a combination of AV penetrations and an increase in traffic volumes. The study found that, as AV penetration increased, traffic flow also improved, with a reduction of the average delay time of up to 31%. Also, as expected, links with three or four lanes had a more significant impact on the delay. In terms of road capacity increase, when the penetration of AVs was saturated at 100%, the road network could accommodate 40% more traffic.

scholarly journals IMPACT ANALYSIS OF ACCIDENTS ON THE TRAFFIC FLOW BASED ON MASSIVE FLOATING CAR DATA

2021 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B4-2021 ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
J. Golze ◽  
U. Feuerhake ◽  
C. Koetsier ◽  
M. Sester
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Movement Behavior ◽  
Speed Profile ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Road ◽  
Movement Trajectories ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The wide usage of GPS-equipped devices enables the mass recording of vehicle movement trajectories describing the movement behavior of the traffic participants. An important aspect of the road traffic is the impact of anomalies, like accidents, on traffic flow. Accidents are especially important as they contribute to the the aspects of safety and also influence travel time estimations. In this paper, the impact of accidents is determined based on a massive GPS trajectory and accident dataset. Due to the missing precise date of the accidents in the data set used, first, the date of the accident is estimated based on the speed profile at the accident time. Further, the temporal impact of the accident is estimated using the speed profile of the whole day. The approach is applied in an experiment on a one month subset of the datasets. The results show that more than 72% of the accident dates are identified and the impact on the temporal dimension is approximated. Moreover, it can be seen that accidents during the rush hours and on high frequency road types (e.g. motorways, trunks or primaries) have an increasing effect on the impact duration on the traffic flow.

scholarly journals Emission Variations of Primary Air Pollutants from Highway Vehicles and Implications during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Beijing, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4019
Author(s):  
Xizi Cao ◽  
Ye Tian ◽  
Yan Shen ◽  
Tongran Wu ◽  
Renfei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
Actual Structure ◽  
The Road ◽  
Passenger Vehicles ◽  
High Emission ◽  
The Impact

According to the traffic flow variation from January 2019 to August 2020, emissions of primary air pollutants from highway vehicles were calculated based on the emission factor method, which integrated the actual structure of on-road vehicles. The characteristics of on-highway traffic flow and pollution emissions were compared during various progression stages of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The results showed that the average daily traffic volume decreased by 38.2% in 2020, with a decrease of 62% during the strict lockdown due to the impact of COVID-19. The daily emissions of primary atmospheric pollutants decreased by 29.2% in 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. As for the structure of on-highway vehicle types, the small and medium-sized passenger vehicles predominated, which accounted for 76.3% of traffic, while trucks and large passenger vehicles accounted for 19.7% and 4.0%, but contributed 58.4% and 33.9% of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions, respectively. According to the simulation results of the ADMS model, the average concentrations of NOx were reduced by 12.0 µg/m3 compared with the same period in 2019. As for the implication for future pollution control, it is necessary to further optimize the structure of on-highway and the road traffic vehicle types and increase the proportions of new-energy vehicles and vehicles with high emission standards.

TO THE QUESTION OF THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE ECOLOGICAL STATE OF ARTIFICIAL PLANTATIONS OF PITSUNDSKAYA PINE IN THE SEASIDE AREA OF GELENDZHIK

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizaveta Derevenets ◽  
Elizaveta Derevenets
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
The Road ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Federal Highway ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Gelendzhik is the resort town, there aren't a lot of industrial enterprises here. The main pollutant is transport. The work purpose is the assessment of a condition of the artificial landings of a pine located along the Federal highway "Don" and landings, which is nearly the sea coast. Researches were conducted to a standard technique of the General vital state (A. S. Bogolyubov). The assessment of a condition of pines was carried out during 6 years: from 2010 to 2015. For carrying out research we used 6 experimental grounds on the Markotkhsky spine and 2 control grounds within the town. We investigated 24 trees on each platform, middle age of the trees were 30 - 40 years. Results. 1. The condition of trees in the pine forests located in immediate proximity with the Federal highway "Don" (No. 1, 2, 3) is unsatisfactory. As even weak influences of the majority of atmospheric gaseous pollutants (sulphurous gas, nitrogen oxides, etc.) give effect of a necrosis and hloroz of pine needles, the condition of pines is connected with technogenic pollution. So near the Federal highway "Don" the air environment is strongly polluted by exhaust gases. Information of 2012 confirm that negative influence of the route on Markotkh's vegetation decreases at reduction of load of the route. 2. On the sites located above on a slope (No. 4,5,6) thanks to remoteness and the wind mode intensity of influence of pollutants is lower and a condition of pines the quite satisfactory. 3. Trees on the sites located near the sea (No. 7,8) are in a good shape. Small deterioration of a state is noted in very droughty years. Conclusion. Results of six years' research show that the condition of the plantings which are in close proximity with the road worsens. It is explained by increase in intensity of the movement on the road, especially during a resort season. Gelendzhik is the city with a good ecological shape, but the damage to environment is already caused. If not to take measures, we can lose a unique part of the nature in the future, recreate it will be impossible. Measures of reduction of negative impact of exhaust gases were offered. Results of researches are transferred to ecological department of the City administration of Gelendzhik.

TO THE QUESTION OF THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE ECOLOGICAL STATE OF ARTIFICIAL PLANTATIONS OF PITSUNDSKAYA PINE IN THE SEASIDE AREA OF GELENDZHIK

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizaveta Derevenets ◽  
Elizaveta Derevenets
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
The Road ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Federal Highway ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Gelendzhik is the resort town, there aren't a lot of industrial enterprises here. The main pollutant is transport. The work purpose is the assessment of a condition of the artificial landings of a pine located along the Federal highway "Don" and landings, which is nearly the sea coast. Researches were conducted to a standard technique of the General vital state (A. S. Bogolyubov). The assessment of a condition of pines was carried out during 6 years: from 2010 to 2015. For carrying out research we used 6 experimental grounds on the Markotkhsky spine and 2 control grounds within the town. We investigated 24 trees on each platform, middle age of the trees were 30 - 40 years. Results. 1. The condition of trees in the pine forests located in immediate proximity with the Federal highway "Don" (No. 1, 2, 3) is unsatisfactory. As even weak influences of the majority of atmospheric gaseous pollutants (sulphurous gas, nitrogen oxides, etc.) give effect of a necrosis and hloroz of pine needles, the condition of pines is connected with technogenic pollution. So near the Federal highway "Don" the air environment is strongly polluted by exhaust gases. Information of 2012 confirm that negative influence of the route on Markotkh's vegetation decreases at reduction of load of the route. 2. On the sites located above on a slope (No. 4,5,6) thanks to remoteness and the wind mode intensity of influence of pollutants is lower and a condition of pines the quite satisfactory. 3. Trees on the sites located near the sea (No. 7,8) are in a good shape. Small deterioration of a state is noted in very droughty years. Conclusion. Results of six years' research show that the condition of the plantings which are in close proximity with the road worsens. It is explained by increase in intensity of the movement on the road, especially during a resort season. Gelendzhik is the city with a good ecological shape, but the damage to environment is already caused. If not to take measures, we can lose a unique part of the nature in the future, recreate it will be impossible. Measures of reduction of negative impact of exhaust gases were offered. Results of researches are transferred to ecological department of the City administration of Gelendzhik.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document