scholarly journals COVID-19 lockdown controls and human rights abuses: the socioeconomic and social marketing implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Ben Odigbo ◽  
Felix Eze ◽  
Rose Odigbo ◽  
Joshua Kajang
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Community Engagement ◽  
Risk Communication ◽  
Social Marketing ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Reproducible Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Situation Analysis ◽  
Human Rights Abuses

Background: This work is a situation analysis of reported human rights abuses that have characterized the COVID-19 controls and lockdown in some countries of the world. This is as documented by reliable mass media sources, relevant international organizations and human rights non-governmental organizations between January 2020 to April 2020. Methods: A combined content analysis, critical analysis, and doctrinal method is applied in this study in line with the reproducible research process. It is a secondary-data-based situation analysis study, conducted through a qualitative research approach. Findings: The findings revealed among other things that: COVID-19 lockdowns and curfews’ enforcement by law enforcement officers contravened some peoples’ fundamental human rights within the first month. Security forces employed overt and immoderate forces to implement the orders. The lockdown and curfew enforcements were not significantly respectful of human life and human dignity. The COVID-19 emergency declarations in some countries were discriminatory against minorities and vulnerable groups in some countries. Research limitations/implications: This report is based on data from investigative journalism and opinions of the United Nations and international human rights organizations, and not on police investigations or reports. The implication of the study is that if social marketing orientations and risk communication and community engagement attitudes were given to the law enforcement officers implementing the COVID-19 lockdowns and or curfews, the human rights and humanitarian rights breaches witnessed would have been avoided or drastically minimized. Originality: The originality of this review is that it is the first to undertake a situation analysis of the COVID-19 lockdowns and curfews human rights abuses in some countries. The study portrayed the poor level of social marketing orientations and risk communication and community engagement attitudes amongst law enforcement officers, culminating in the frosty police-public relationships.

scholarly journals COVID-19 lockdown controls and human rights abuses: the social marketing implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Ben Odigbo ◽  
Felix Eze ◽  
Rose Odigbo
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Community Engagement ◽  
Risk Communication ◽  
Social Marketing ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Reproducible Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Situation Analysis ◽  
Human Rights Abuses

Background: This work is a situation analysis of reported human rights abuses that have characterized the COVID-19 controls and lockdown in some countries of the world. This is as documented by reliable mass media sources, relevant international organizations and human rights non-governmental organizations between January 2020 to April 2020. Methods: A combined content analysis, critical analysis, and doctrinal method is applied in this study in line with the reproducible research process. It is a secondary-data-based situation analysis study, conducted through a qualitative research approach. Findings: The findings revealed among other things that: COVID-19 lockdowns and curfews’ enforcement by law enforcement officers contravened some peoples’ fundamental human rights within the first month. Security forces employed overt and immoderate forces to implement the orders. The lockdown and curfew enforcements were not significantly respectful of human life and human dignity. The COVID-19 emergency declarations in some countries were discriminatory against minorities and vulnerable groups in some countries. Research limitations/implications: This report is based on data from investigative journalism and opinions of the United Nations and international human rights organizations, and not on police investigations or reports. The implication of the study is that if social marketing orientations and risk communication and community engagement attitudes were given to the law enforcement officers implementing the COVID-19 lockdowns and or curfews, the human rights and humanitarian rights breaches witnessed would have been avoided or drastically minimized. Originality: The originality of this review is that it is the first to undertake a situation analysis of the COVID-19 lockdowns and curfews human rights abuses in some countries. The study portrayed the poor level of social marketing orientations and risk communication and community engagement attitudes amongst law enforcement officers, culminating in the frosty police-public relationships.

scholarly journals Implementation of Human Rights Values in Historical Learning in Educations

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 394
Author(s):  
Ahmad Ruslan ◽  
Abdul Syukur ◽  
Kurniawati Kurniawati
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
Academic Environments ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The World

Human rights abuses are the center of every country in the world, as they are the result of their dominance over the weak, or other things like ignorance, lack of law enforcement, etc. And so it is in the world of education, which ought to be a center of understanding and awareness of human rights, through history study. But rather often, human rights abuses come from academic environments such as schools and colleges. The study aims to analyze the implementation of human rights values in history study. The study uses a qualitative method with a library research approach, whereas the data-collecting technique is a document or documentary study instrument. These findings suggest that the study of history has affected the behavior of students that reflect the virtues of human consciousness. Human rights values such as equality and the ban of discrimination (nondiscrimination) are reflected in students after the historical learning process is done, it can be seen both inside and outside the equation. Thus history study alone has significant effects on students, such as mutual respect of opinion, upholding the values of tolerance, cooperation and so forth. The conclusion of the article is that the effectiveness of learning needs to be optimized so that the human rights reflected in every historical event are capable of being thoroughly analyzed and understood by learners, which are then a provision for students to live national and national.

Overseas Uighur jihadists threaten Chinese interests

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Private Security ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
Intelligence Sharing ◽  
Militant Groups

Subject Uighur jihadis. Significance Human rights abuses in Xinjiang have driven thousands of Uighurs overseas, where a small number have joined militant groups. Historically, China has proved able to contain the threat by relying on assistance from cooperative neighbours, such as Pakistan. It is now being forced to consider a more direct role. Impacts Beijing looks certain to become more active in law enforcement cooperation, intelligence sharing and use of private security firms. China is reluctant to deploy troops overseas, but this cannot be ruled out if there is a major terrorist attack. Human rights abuses in Xinjiang will complicate China’s efforts to cooperate with other countries on counterterrorism. Little can be done to prevent small, crude attacks on Chinese assets elsewhere by tiny groups of people.

scholarly journals Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Penangkapan dan Penahanan Tersangka dalam Perspektif Hak Azasi Manusia

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-114
Author(s):  
Martono Martono
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Presumption Of Innocence ◽  
Mental Attitude ◽  
Police Station ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Right

This research was conducted to find out the form of the implementation of the rights of suspects at the level of investigation at the Wajo Regional Police Station, as well as what factors influence the implementation of the rights of the suspect at the investigation level of investigations at the Wajo Regional Police Station. This type of research was conducted in the Wajo district police jurisdiction, and data were obtained from in-depth observations, through interviews and then analyzing existing data. The results of the study were analyzed quantitatively by describing data and also using quantitative analysis with descriptive. Protection of Human Rights in the Judicial Act concerning the principles of quick and low-cost justice, the principle of non-discrimination, the principle of presumption of innocence, and guarantees of Human Rights for all Indonesian citizens under the 1945 Constitution. The results obtained by this article are: shows that the implementation of the rights of the suspect at the investigation level investigation at the Wajo Resort Police, in particular the right to obtain legal assistance, the right to be examined immediately, the right to provide information freely, and the right to be informed of his arrest and detention based on the principle of presumption of innocence, based on the results of the study, have been carried out although not optimal due to several factors, namely (1) the quality of investigative Human Resources is still low, the number of personnel is still lacking and is not balanced with the number of cases, investigators who are not professional and (2) the mental attitude of the investigator which is not good, and the level of awareness the law of society which is paternalism so that it causes resignation to law enforcement officers while supporting factors in the form of the increased budget allocated for the settlement of cases. Abstrak:Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan bertujuan untuk mengetahui wujud implementasi hak-hak tersangka pada tingkat penyidikan di Polres Wajo, serta  faktor-faktor apa yang mempengaruhi implementasi hak-hak tersangka pada pemeriksaan tingkat penyidikan di Polres Wajo. Tipe penelitian  ini dilakukan di wilayah hukum Polres Wajo, dan data diperoleh dari pengamatan yang mendalam, melalui wawancara  kemudian menganalisis data yang ada. Hasil penelitian dianalisi secara kuantitatif dengan mendeskripsikan data dan juga menggunakan analisis kuantitatif dengan deskriptif. Perlindungan Hak Azasi Manusia dalam Undang-Undang kehakiman mengenai azas peradilan cepat dan biaya ringan, azas non diskriminasi, azas praduga tidak bersalah, dan jaminan Hak Azasi Manusia bagi seluruh warga Negara Indonesia berdasarkan Undang- undang Dasar 1945. Hasil yang diperoleh oleh artikel ini adalah: menunjukkan bahwa wujud implementasi hak-hak tersangka pada pemeriksaan tingkat penyidikan di Kepolisian Resort Wajo, khususnya hak memperoleh bantuan hukum, hak untuk segera diperiksa, hak untuk memberikan keterangan secara bebas, dan hak untuk diberitahukan penagkapan dan penahanannya berdasarkan azas praduga tak bersalah, berdasarkan hasil penelitian,  sudah dilaksanakan meskipun belum optimal yang disebabkan karena beberapa faktor, yaitu (1) kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia  penyidik yang masih rendah, jumlah personil yang masih kurang dan tidak seimbang dengan banyaknya perkara, penyidik yang tidak profesional dan (2) sikap mental penyidik yang kurang baik, serta tingkat kesadaran hukum masyarakat yang paternalisme, sehingga menyebabkan sikap pasrah kepada aparat penegak hukum, sedangkan faktor pendukung berupa meningkatnya anggaran yang dialokasikan untuk penyelesaian perkara.

Human Rights at the Time of Transition: How Security Forces Can be Held Accountable in a Divided Community?

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-207
Author(s):  
Mutaz M Qafisheh
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
Field Research ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Palestinian Authority ◽  
Security Forces ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
The Government

Abstract The Palestinian Authority has established various mechanisms to monitor its security forces and hold them accountable over human rights violations. This article explores and assesses the accountability measures that deal with the human rights abuses arising from the excessive use of force in light of international standards, particularly human rights treaties that Palestine has acceded to in recent years. The use of force may occur in different contexts, including during demonstrations, while enforcing the law against criminal acts, searches, lawlessness, in detention, interrogation, investigation and in prisons. The article traces the accountability processes that arise in such circumstances. Alongside reviewing domestic legislation and cases as well as citing relevant literature, the article employs empirical qualitative field research approach by conducting a series of interviews with senior security officials, particularly top commanders and those in charge of accountability within the government and security agencies along with NGOs, experts, academics and field-based international institutions.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN DIVERSI SEBAGAI IMPLEMENTASI HAK ASASI ANAK BERKONFLIK DENGAN HUKUM

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Luh Sri Widi Artini ◽  
Putu Bagus Sabda Pramesti
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
The State ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Best Interest ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Special Concern ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government

A child who commits a legal offence is a special concern from the state. Diversi is the application of versioning is an effort from the government to protect the child from negative stigmatization and based on the best needs and interests for children, by seeking a version through the approach of Restorative justice. This research aims to determine how the implementation is versioned as a child's human rights implementation and what constraints are faced by related parties in the running of versioning. This research uses a qualitative method of research approach with a literature study technique that is further analyzed qualitatively. Children are trusting and give that must be guarded because the child is the hope of the state as a nation's successor so that children should be protected. The results of this study show that versioning is one of the government's efforts to protect the child's rights from adverse influences and the stigmatization of the community and is done for the best interest of the child. Obstacles faced in the form of lack of the presence and the existence of a sectoral ego between the law enforcement officers so that the version has not run optimally and the need to socialize about the law of the Child criminal system Community.

scholarly journals PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP TERSANGKA PADA TAHAP PENYIDIKAN YANG TDAK SESUAI DENGAN PASAL 52 KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM ACARA PIDANA (contoh kasus: penangkapan tersangka pemilik ribuan rokok illegal)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 425
Author(s):  
Andri Tjhin ◽  
Mety Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
International Law ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Theory Of Justice ◽  
Article 50 ◽  
The Right

Human rights are the rights attached to every individual and recognized by international law, in practice regarding human rights is regulated to become more specific, namely being the right of the suspect. The KUHAP regulates the rights of suspects precisely in Article 50 until 68. In the case of writing this scientific paper, there are several suspect rights in the stage of investigations that are violated by law enforcement officers, especially article 52, which means there are differences between those stipulated in the law with reality. The research method used is a normative legal research method which is based on primary, secondary, and supported by the results of interviews with related professions, which are then analyzed deductively. The results of this study illustrate that there is legal uncertainty amid law enforcement in Indonesia. Theory of justice, Theory of legal protection and the theory of legal certainty used which essentially becomes a benchmark for conformity of law enforcement in Indonesia.

scholarly journals PENGADILAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA SEBAGAI UPAYA PERTAMA DAN TERAKHIR DALAM PENYELESAIAN PELANGGARAN BERAT HAK ASASI MANUSIA DI TINGKAT NASIONAL

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Hastuti
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
International Standards ◽  
East Timor ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Judicial Process ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
National Courts ◽  
Presidential Decree

This article is to examine national courts as a forum first and final settlement of the case enforcement as a gross violation of human rights and that mechanism. Research that is theoretical research, encourage a fuller understanding of the conceptual basis of the principles of law and the process of finding the rule of law, legal principles and legal doctrines in order to answer the legal issues at hand. Based on Presidential Decree No. 53 of 2001 and Act No. 26 of 2004 established an ad hoc human rights court in East Timor, to prosecute accused perpetrators responsible for gross human rights abuses in East Timor after the popular consultation in 1999 and the results are very far from expectations. The cause of the failure of the judicial process can be grouped in the legal and non-legal factors. Legal factors are many weaknesses Act No. 26 of 2004. In addition, law enforcement officers are not credible, so that the resulting decisions do not fulfil international standards as an impartial tribunal and sense of fairness to all parties. While the non-legal factors associated with the political aspects, such as perceived political will is lacking. National mechanisms should be the first and last attempt to resolve as a gross violation of human rights, so there will be no interference from the international court because of the inability and unwillingness of Indonesia. Key words : gross human rights violations, law enforcement, national mechanism

scholarly journals KONSEPSI PERLINDUNGAN ANAK DARI TINDAKAN EKSPLOITASI SEKSUAL KOMERSIAL ANAK PADA HUKUM INTERNASIONAL DAN PENERAPANNYA DALAM HUKUM NASIONAL

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Riza Zarzani N
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
International Law ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Commercial Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Legal Provisions

The conception of child protection from various forms of crime, such as sexual exploitation that has been existed in various legal provisions and at the level of international law of the existence of children as subjects of human rights which has been manifested by the ratification of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. Indonesia has implemented child protection by issuing Laws Number 23/2002. The implementation of child protection from sexual exploitation in Indonesia is conducted through legislation, namely: ratification and establishment of rules on child protection, executive efforts by making effective law enforcement agencies such as police, KPAI establishment. Efforts to combat commercial sexual exploitation are done by synergizing between law enforcement officers, legislation and preventive efforts through education.

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