scholarly journals West nile fever case in neurological practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
P. V. Kataev ◽  
L. V. Timchenko ◽  
S. V. Zotov ◽  
A. N. Torgashova ◽  
Dz. K. Sichinava
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Acute Febrile Illness ◽  
West Nile Fever ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Central Nervous System Damage ◽  
Fever Case ◽  
Mass Tourism ◽  
The Central Nervous System

West Nile fever is a zoonotic arbovirus mosquito- and tick-borne infection, which occurs in humans in the form of an acute febrile illness with symptoms of general intoxication, in severe cases – with the central nervous system damage. West Nile virus belongs to the Flaviviridae family.After the start of Russians’ mass tourism to tropical and subtropical regions, number of cases of the disease in Russia has increased, especially in the south, where the virus is more viable. The infection mainly affects birds but also people and many mammals (bats, cats, dogs, skunks, squirrels, rabbits, etc.), which become infected after the bite of a mosquito of the genus Culex (Culex pipiens) carrying the disease, ixodid or argas mite. A clinical case of hemorrhagic stroke caused by West Nile fever is presented in the article.

scholarly journals West Nile Virus Documented in Indonesia from Acute Febrile Illness Specimens

2014 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khin Saw Aye Myint ◽  
Ann M. Powers ◽  
Jeremy P. Ledermann ◽  
Ungke Antonjaya ◽  
Chairin Nisa Ma'roef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Acute Febrile Illness ◽  
West Nile

scholarly journals Development and Evaluation of Real-Time Reverse Transcription Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Assay for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of West Nile Virus in Human Clinical Samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Singh Tomar ◽  
Sanjay Kumar ◽  
Sapan Patel ◽  
Jyoti S. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Posterior Uveitis ◽  
Qpcr Assay ◽  
Recombinase Polymerase Amplification ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
West Nile Fever ◽  
West Nile

West Nile virus (WNV) causes West Nile fever and encephalitis worldwide. Currently, there are no effective drugs or vaccines available in the market to treat WNV infection in humans. Hence, it is of paramount importance to detect WNV early for the success of the disease control programs and timely clinical management in endemic areas. In the present paper, we report the development of real-time reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) assay for rapid and real-time detection of WNV targeting the envelope (env) gene of the virus. The RPA reaction was performed successfully at 39°C for 15 min in a real-time thermal cycler. The sensitivity of this assay was found similar to that of the quantitative real-time RT PCR (RT-qPCR) assay, which could detect 10 copies of the gene. The efficacy of the assay was evaluated with a panel of 110 WN suspected human samples showing the signs of retinitis, febrile illness and acute posterior uveitis. In comparison with RT-qPCR, RT-RPA showed a specificity of 100% (CI, 95.07–100%) and sensitivity of 96.15% (CI, 80.36–99.90%) with a negative (NPV) and positive predictive value (PPV) of 98.65 and 100%, respectively. The level of agreement between RT-RPA and reference RT-qPCR assay was shown to be very high. The turnaround time of real-time RPA assay is about 10-20 times faster than the RT-qPCR, which confirms its utility in the rapid and sensitive diagnosis of WNV infection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report which deals with the development of real-time RT-RPA assay for simple, rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of WNV in human clinical samples. The present RT-RPA assay proves to be a powerful tool that can be used for the rapid diagnosis of a large number of patient samples in endemic settings.

scholarly journals Mosquito surveillance of West Nile and Usutu viruses in four territorial units of Slovakia and description of a confirmed autochthonous human case of West Nile fever, 2018 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktória Čabanová ◽  
Elena Tichá ◽  
Richard Stewart Bradbury ◽  
Dana Zubriková ◽  
Daniela Valentová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Human Case ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Vector Surveillance ◽  
West Nile Fever ◽  
Entomological Surveillance ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Surveillance Programme ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Survey Results

Background Despite the known circulation of West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) in Slovakia, no formal entomological surveillance programme has been established there thus far. Aim To conduct contemporaneous surveillance of WNV and USUV in different areas of Slovakia and to assess the geographical spread of these viruses through mosquito vectors. The first autochthonous human WNV infection in the country is also described. Methods Mosquitoes were trapped in four Slovak territorial units in 2018 and 2019. Species were characterised morphologically and mosquito pools screened for WNV and USUV by real-time reverse-transcription PCRs. In pools with any of the two viruses detected, presence of pipiens complex group mosquitoes was verified using molecular approaches. Results Altogether, 421 pools containing in total 4,508 mosquitoes were screened. Three pools tested positive for WNV and 16 for USUV. USUV was more prevalent than WNV, with a broader spectrum of vectors and was detected over a longer period (June–October vs August for WNV). The main vectors of both viruses were Culex pipiens sensu lato. Importantly, WNV and USUV were identified in a highly urbanised area of Bratislava city, Slovakias’ capital city. Moreover, in early September 2019, a patient, who had been bitten by mosquitoes in south-western Slovakia and who had not travelled abroad, was laboratory-confirmed with WNV infection. Conclusion The entomological survey results and case report increase current understanding of the WNV and USUV situation in Slovakia. They underline the importance of vector surveillance to assess public health risks posed by these viruses.

scholarly journals Acute Q Fever Case Detection among Acute Febrile Illness Patients, Thailand, 2002–2005

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 252-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley L. Greiner ◽  
Christopher J. Gregory ◽  
Saithip Bhengsri ◽  
Sophie Edouard ◽  
Philippe Parola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Q Fever ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Acute Febrile Illness ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Fever Case ◽  
Acute Q Fever

scholarly journals Prediction of disease severity in young children presenting with acute febrile illness in resource-limited settings: a protocol for a prospective observational study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e045826
Author(s):  
Arjun Chandna ◽  
Endashaw M Aderie ◽  
Riris Ahmad ◽  
Eggi Arguni ◽  
Elizabeth A Ashley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Acute Febrile Illness ◽  
Clinical Prediction ◽  
Open Access Journals

IntroductionIn rural and difficult-to-access settings, early and accurate recognition of febrile children at risk of progressing to serious illness could contribute to improved patient outcomes and better resource allocation. This study aims to develop a prognostic clinical prediction tool to assist community healthcare providers identify febrile children who might benefit from referral or admission for facility-based medical care.Methods and analysisThis prospective observational study will recruit at least 4900 paediatric inpatients and outpatients under the age of 5 years presenting with an acute febrile illness to seven hospitals in six countries across Asia. A venous blood sample and nasopharyngeal swab is collected from each participant and detailed clinical data recorded at presentation, and each day for the first 48 hours of admission for inpatients. Multianalyte assays are performed at reference laboratories to measure a panel of host biomarkers, as well as targeted aetiological investigations for common bacterial and viral pathogens. Clinical outcome is ascertained on day 2 and day 28.Presenting syndromes, clinical outcomes and aetiology of acute febrile illness will be described and compared across sites. Following the latest guidance in prediction model building, a prognostic clinical prediction model, combining simple clinical features and measurements of host biomarkers, will be derived and geographically externally validated. The performance of the model will be evaluated in specific presenting clinical syndromes and fever aetiologies.Ethics and disseminationThe study has received approval from all relevant international, national and institutional ethics committees. Written informed consent is provided by the caretaker of all participants. Results will be shared with local and national stakeholders, and disseminated via peer-reviewed open-access journals and scientific meetings.Trial registration numberNCT04285021.

scholarly journals Differential Laboratory Diagnosis of Acute Fever in Guinea: Preparedness for the Threat of Hemorrhagic Fevers

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6022
Author(s):  
Vladimir G. Dedkov ◽  
N’Faly Magassouba ◽  
Olga A. Stukolova ◽  
Victoria A. Savina ◽  
Jakob Camara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Acute Febrile Illness ◽  
Causative Pathogen ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fevers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Pathognomonic Sign

Acute febrile illnesses occur frequently in Guinea. Acute fever itself is not a unique, hallmark indication (pathognomonic sign) of any one illness or disease. In the infectious disease context, fever’s underlying cause can be a wide range of viral or bacterial pathogens, including the Ebola virus. In this study, molecular and serological methods were used to analyze samples from patients hospitalized with acute febrile illness in various regions of Guinea. This analysis was undertaken with the goal of accomplishing differential diagnosis (determination of causative pathogen) in such cases. As a result, a number of pathogens, both viral and bacterial, were identified in Guinea as causative agents behind acute febrile illness. In approximately 60% of the studied samples, however, a definitive determination could not be made.

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