scholarly journals Obtaining conductive composites of PANI and thermoplastic polymers

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Diana Nelly Contreras-Zarazúa ◽  
David Contreras-Lopéz ◽  
Rosalba Fuentes-Ramirez ◽  
Rosario Galindo-González
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Chemical Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Thermoplastic Polymers ◽  
Conductive Composites ◽  
Polar Monomer

Currently, the polymers industry has gained increasing importance due to the versatility of its properties. In this work were synthesized copolymers of styrene with vinyl acetate at different concentrations through a process polymerization of suspension, which are the starting points for obtaining of composites with polyaniline synthesized PANI chemical oxidative polymerization process, used for doping HCl at a concentration of 1.5 M and ammonium persulfate 0.5 M in a mass radio of 1:1. The conductivity was evaluated by means of cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy, in order to determine the effect of the concentration of the polar monomer in the composite founded that increase concentration of polar comonomer the conductivity also too.

Precipitation and surface polymerizations of aniline at different aniline:oxidizer molar ratios

e-Polymers ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Helena Mascaro ◽  
Débora Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Pani Film ◽  
Electrode Surfaces ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Pt Electrodes ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

AbstractThe oxidative polymerization of aniline was monitored by means of open-circuit potential (OCP) measurements of Pt electrodes immersed in an aqueous acidic medium containing different aniline:oxidizer (ammonium persulfate) molar ratios. Thin polyaniline (PANI) films were formed on the Pt electrode surfaces during the OCP measurements, and they were studied by SEM and cyclic voltammetry in a monomer-free solution at different reaction times. A precipitate also obtained during the polymerization process was analyzed by UV-VIS spectroscopy in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone. It is observed that aniline or short oligomeric species are necessary to initiate the growth of a PANI film, which takes place at the first few minutes of the reaction.

scholarly journals Fast Response PANI/MMT-rGO Polymer Nanocomposite Material for Sensing HCN Gas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pukhrambam Dipak ◽  
Aparna Singh ◽  
Asif Iqbal ◽  
Anuradha Samadhiya ◽  
Shailendra Kumar Dwivedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Chemical Oxidative Polymerization

Abstract In the present work, we have developed a polymer based gas sensor. The polymer nanocomposites are synthesized by the chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline with ammonium persulfate and sulfuric acid. The fabricated sensor is able to achieve a sensing response of 4.56% for PANI/MMT-rGO at 2 ppm of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) gas. The sensitivity of the sensors PANI/MMT and PANI/MMT-rGO are 0.89 ppm-1 and 1.12 ppm-1 respectively. The increase in the sensitivity of the sensor may be due to an increase in the surface area provided by MMT and rGO which provided more binding sites for the HCN gas. The sensing response of the sensor increases as the concentration of the gas exposed increases but saturates after 10 ppm. The sensor recovers automatically. The sensor is stable and can work for 8 months.

scholarly journals Fe-N/C Catalyst using Various Nitrogen and Carbon Ratio through Chemical Oxidative Polymerization

2021 ◽  
Vol 2117 (1) ◽  
pp. 012031
Author(s):  
VA Setyowati ◽  
W Widiyastuti ◽  
S Nurkhamidah ◽  
N Saidatin ◽  
O Lukdyantoro
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Carbon Surface ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Chemical Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Iron Precursor

Abstract This study aims to explain the effect of variations in nitrogen and carbon composition of catalysts on electrochemical properties and physical characterization. The usage of non-precious metals supported by nitrogen-carbon is one alternative to reduce the amount of platinum as the innovation of energy materials. Iron is a transition metal that can increase catalytic activity with the addition of a nitrogen source. The polymerization process was carried out by chemical oxidative polymerization for 24 hours in an ice bath using aniline as N source. Optimization of nitrogen coating on the carbon surface is carried out by mixing carbon during polymerization. The mixing of iron precursor and N/C powder was carried out in an ultrasonic bath and continued with pyrolysis at a temperature of 700°C. Regarding Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) test, the Fe-N/C = 2/1 catalyst has the largest area and the highest current density. The presence of Fe2O3 is needed to improve the electrochemical properties compared to Fe3C compounds. The composition analysis showed that the Fe-N/C = 2/1 catalyst had the highest Fe content after pyrolysis. In addition, the Fe-N/C = 2/1 catalyst also had the highest nitrogen content which can form a nitrogen functional group from the pyrolysis process.

Chemical Oxidative Polymerization of 4-Amino-3-Hydroxynaphthalene-1-Sulfonic Acid and Its Salts

2006 ◽  
Vol 518 ◽  
pp. 405-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ćirić-Marjanović ◽  
B. Marjanović ◽  
I. Juranić ◽  
P. Holler ◽  
J. Stejskal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Elemental Analysis Data ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Chemical Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Molecular Weights

New functional homopolymeric, semiconducting materials soluble in polar solvents, were synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization of 4-amino-3-hydroxynaphthalene-1- sulfonic acid (AHNSA) and its salts, using ammonium peroxydisulfate as an oxidant, in water at room temperature. Polymerization products obtained from AHNSA, AHNSA hydrochloride, AHNSA mono-sodium salt and AHNSA di-sodium salt were characterized by elemental analysis, gel-permeation chromatography (GPC), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and conductivity measurements. Polymers of AHNSA salts have increased weight-average molecular weights and polydispersity index values, compared to AHNSA polymer. Molecular weights approach a maximum value of ~25200 for polymers of AHNSA salts. Elemental analysis data of polymeric samples show a decrease of the S/C ratio for all polymeric materials in comparison with the monomer, indicating considerable elimination of sulfonic acid group from the macromolecular structure during the polymerization process. New substitution patterns shown by IR spectroscopic analysis combined with MNDO-PM3 semi-empirical quantum mechanical calculations revealed N─C coupling reactions as dominant, where C belongs to unsubstituted AHNSA ring. Coupling mode N─C1 is also important. Naphthoquinonoid and benzenoid structures were observed by IR spectroscopy. Influence of pH on the AHNSA oxidative chemical polymerization mechanism was examined.

Supramolecular chirality control via self-assembly of oligoaniline in the chemical oxidative polymerization process

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (20) ◽  
pp. 16766-16773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruiqi Li ◽  
Jijin Dai ◽  
Lijia Liu ◽  
Jingfeng Wang ◽  
Pengli Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Chemical Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Supramolecular Chirality ◽  
Pani Nanofibers ◽  
Chirality Control

Chirality control of PANI nanofibers is achieved by selecting the oligomeric species and changing the concentration of CSA and solvents.

scholarly journals An Electroactive Polymer Modified Separator with A Potential Clamp Function

2018 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 05005
Author(s):  
Kaiyue Zhang ◽  
Wei Xiao ◽  
Jianguo Liu ◽  
Chuanwei Yan
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Electroactive Polymer ◽  
Chemical Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Uniform Coating ◽  
Constant Potential ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Composite Separator ◽  
Cyclic Voltammetry Test ◽  
Modified Separator

An inexpensive electroactive polymer polytriphenylamine (PTPAn) was synthesized through chemical oxidative polymerization of TPA. The composite separator was simply prepared by impregnating a commercial PP separator with PTPAn polymer solution. PTPAn was observed on the surface of the composite separator and formed a uniform coating. In cyclic voltammetry test, PTPAn polymer exhibited a pair of well-defined redox peaks between 3.0 and 4.5 V, which could be regarded as a reversible electrochemical p-doping and dedoping process. When incorporated in a blocking cell, the composite separator was able to hold a constant potential for current densities up to 5 mA/cm2 to protect the cell from overcharging.

Thermal Degradation Behavior of Polyaniline in Polyaniline/Tunsten Carbide Composite

2012 ◽  
Vol 581-582 ◽  
pp. 719-722
Author(s):  
Hui Huang ◽  
Ren Chun Fu ◽  
Zhong Cheng Guo
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Chain Scission ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Chemical Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermal Degradation Behavior ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Raman

Polyaniline/tungsten carbide (PANI/WC) composite was synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline using ammonium persulfate as the oxidant and thermal treated in air at 150°C, 250°C, 350°C and 450°C to 2 hours. The changes of structure, crystalline and conductivity were investigated by Fourier Transformed Infrared (FT-IR), Fourier Transformed Raman (FT-Raman), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and four-probe technique. The results showed that PANI/WC composite showed much-improved thermal stability compared to pure PANI. But the conductivity of PANI/WC is reduced to some extent (1.73 S/cm, the conductivity is reduced by about 82%) after thermal treated at 250°C, and dropped by 6 orders of magnitude (3.25×10-6S/cm) at 350°C. This may be explained by that only a fraction of dopant losses during thermal treatment at 250°C, but after thermal treatment at 350°C, along with cross-linking, chain scission and oxygen, resulting in destruction of crystal structure, decrease of the emeraldine sequence.

scholarly journals The Effect of Variation Sensitivity Against Time For Magnesium Oxide (MgO) Doped Polyaniline Nanocomposites Influenced By Ammonium Persulfate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
MANJUNATHA B ◽  
Rahul Jabnoor ◽  
Sangshetty kalyane
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Chemical Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sensor Property ◽  
Doped Polyaniline ◽  
Pani Matrix

Abstract Polyaniline and doped polyaniline was prepared by the method of insitu chemical oxidative polymerization with ammonium persulfate as an oxidant agent. The composite polyaniline was mixing the magnesium oxide and polyaniline with the PANI matrix distributions. Polyaniline composite of MgO characterized like as x-ray diffractometer shows structural properties. The electrical properties of polyaniline and composite polyaniline as a conductivity increases with increase in frequency. The sensor property shows the sensitivity with the help of time obtained the sensitivities values the ranges from 120 to 160% from these composites in 50% composite the sensitivity is high.

scholarly journals Synthesis, characterization and photovoltaic studies of oligo(acriflavine) via chemical oxidative polymerization

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (15) ◽  
pp. 8973-8984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feyza Kolcu ◽  
İsmet Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Oxidative Polycondensation ◽  
Chemical Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Lumo Energy ◽  
Homo Lumo

Oligo(acriflavine) was synthesized via chemical oxidative polycondensation by H2O2 (30%) as the oxidant. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) is an effective method to estimate HOMO–LUMO energy levels and electrochemical (E′g) band gap of the oligomer.

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