scholarly journals Design of edges in contour and half moons from edaphoclimatic parameters, for the endorrheic basin of lagunas de tajzara - ramsar site 1030

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Armando Schmidt-Gomez ◽  
Juan Manuel Olivares-Ramírez ◽  
Fermín Ferriol-Sánchez ◽  
Ángel Marroquín-De Jesús
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Separation Distance ◽  
Frequency Curve ◽  
Maximum Rainfall ◽  
Contour Lines ◽  
Intensity Duration Frequency ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Maximum Daily Rainfall

The collection of water is proposed from the design of contour borders and half moons, green infrastructure measures, to reduce surface runoff and increase the availability of water for vegetation. The contour and crescent ridges have land ridges with a trapezoidal section, which follow the contour lines, to compartmentalize the slope into smaller hydrological units, the ends of which are located on contour lines. With the data of maximum rainfall every 24 hours and parameters of Gumbel's Law modified, the equations of maximum daily rainfall height (hdT), rainfall height for a duration ´´t´´ (htT), and the Intensity Duration Frequency curve (ItT), for a duration of t <2h. Then considering the values of basic infiltration, vegetation cover, soil type and hydrological condition, the curve numbers were determined for different soil moisture conditions, later the separation length (L) between the Half Moons, and the borders was calculated. in contour, which were designed by means of 10 configurations between diameter and height, for the two infrastructures, being in Copacabana Valle, the greatest separation distance.

scholarly journals Intensity-duration-frequency relationships of rainfall through the technique of disaggregation of daily rainfall

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 506-510
Author(s):  
Viviane R. Dorneles ◽  
Rita de C. F. Damé ◽  
Claudia F. A. Teixeira-Gandra ◽  
Letícia B. Méllo ◽  
Mario A. A. Ramirez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Maximum Rainfall ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intensity Duration Frequency ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Maximum Daily Rainfall ◽  
Student’S T Test

ABSTRACT Rainfall intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationships are a tool that can be used in modeling the transformation of rainfall to runoff, required for the design of hydraulic works. The objective of this study was to verify if there is a significant difference between the intensity-duration-frequency relationships generated using pluviographic records and those determined from pluviometric data. Maximum annual rainfall intensity values were obtained from the disaggregation of maximum daily rainfall and rainfall records in the durations of 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 60, 120, 360, 720 and 1440 min and for the return periods of 2, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50 and 100 years, in the locality of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil (31° 46’ 34’’ S; 52° 21’ 34’’ W, altitude of 13.2 m). By Student’s t-test, it was verified that there is no significant difference between the values of maximum rainfall intensity obtained from pluviographic records and those determined from pluviometric data.

scholarly journals Heavy rainfall equations for Santa Catarina, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 2127-2134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro José Back ◽  
Alan Henn ◽  
José Luiz Rocha Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Region ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Annual Maximum ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Maximum Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Intensity Duration Frequency ◽  
Annual Maximum Rainfall

Knowledge of intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationships of rainfall events is extremely important to determine the dimensions of surface drainage structures and soil erosion control. The purpose of this study was to obtain IDF equations of 13 rain gauge stations in the state of Santa Catarina in Brazil: Chapecó, Urussanga, Campos Novos, Florianópolis, Lages, Caçador, Itajaí, Itá, Ponte Serrada, Porto União, Videira, Laguna and São Joaquim. The daily rainfall data charts of each station were digitized and then the annual maximum rainfall series were determined for durations ranging from 5 to 1440 min. Based on these, with the Gumbel-Chow distribution, the maximum rainfall was estimated for durations ranging from 5 min to 24 h, considering return periods of 2, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, and 100 years,. Data agreement with the Gumbel-Chow model was verified by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, at 5 % significance level. For each rain gauge station, two IDF equations of rainfall events were adjusted, one for durations from 5 to 120 min and the other from 120 to 1440 min. The results show a high variability in maximum intensity of rainfall events among the studied stations. Highest values of coefficients of variation in the annual maximum series of rainfall were observed for durations of over 600 min at the stations of the coastal region of Santa Catarina.

scholarly journals Peak Discharge in Jemelak Subwatershed, Sintang District

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Diah Auliyani ◽  
Esa Bagus Nugrahanto
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Peak Discharge ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Maximum Rainfall ◽  
Bare Land ◽  
Big Rivers ◽  
Second Period ◽  
Maximum Daily Rainfall

Jemelak Sub Watershed is close to the junction of two big rivers, i.e., Kapuas and Melawi. Therefore, this location faces environmental issues such as a flood. To avoid its possible damages, information on peak discharge becomes critical, particularly in calculating the drainage structure. This study was aimed to predict the peak discharge in this area using a rational method. The maximum daily rainfall data from 1998 to 2017 were divided into two periods of 10 years and analyzed. In the first period,  maximum rainfall rangesfrom98.6 to 176.3 mm, while the second period fluctuates from67.6 to 190 mm. Analysis of land cover described that 43.97% of secondary swamp forests turned into shrubs and swamp shrubs in the first period. Furthermore, about 800.71 ha of secondary swamp forest tuned into 582.80 ha of bare land, 181.04 ha of a plantation, and 36.88 ha of swamp shrubs in the second period. About 95.15% of shrubs were also turned into agricultural land mixed with shrubs in the second period. The result showed that the changes in the maximum daily rainfall and land cover simultaneously affected the improvement of the peak discharge by about 2.53% in the first period and 28.30% in the second period. If the peak discharge exceeds the river capacity, then the local flooding will occur along the river border. Keywords: land cover, peak discharge, rainfall, Jemelak

scholarly journals Maximum rainfall probability distributions pattern in Haryana –A case study

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 2029-2036
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Chander Shekhar ◽  
Veena Manocha
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Extreme Value Distribution ◽  
Generalized Extreme Value Distribution ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Maximum Rainfall ◽  
Maximum Daily Rainfall

The present study has been undertaken to fit best probability distribution of rainfall in Ambala District of Haryana State. The analysis showed that the maximum daily rainfall among the years ranged between 41mm (1980) to 307.9mm (2009) indicating a very large variation during the period of study. The mean of maximum daily rainfall of all years annually is 112.13mm. The means of monthly and weekly values ranged from 33.10-88.92mm and 8.77- 46.28 mm, respectively. The maximum daily rainfall in a year/monsoon season was307.9 mm and monthly maximum daily rainfall in monsoon season ranged from 105 -307.9mm. The weekly maximum daily rainfall ranged from48 mm-307.9 mm. It was also observed that the minimum among the maximum daily rainfall was 41mm for annual, 34mm for season and 0 in all the months and weeks. The maximum value of coefficient of variation was observed in the first week which indicated a large fluctuation in the rainfall data set and minimum value of coefficient of variation 0.464 was observed for the whole year which shows that fluctuation was minimum for the whole year. Generalized extreme value distribution was found to be best fit probability distribution for most of the periods.

scholarly journals Estimation and analysis of the effective rainfall In Tabuk area – Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (14) ◽  
pp. 142-186
Author(s):  
د. فهدة فلاح بن حشر د. فهدة فلاح بن حشر
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Multiple Comparison ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Effective Rainfall ◽  
Maximum Rainfall ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Maximum Daily Rainfall

this study examined the effective rainfall in Tabuk area by applying the Lang rainfall factor, De Martonne Index and the (UNEP) arid index. The study methodology was based on a statistical tests using the Normality test (Shapiro-Wilk), the Homogeneity test (Leven test), the ANOVA (LSD test) of the monthly mean of rainfall, the daily maximum rainfall and the total number of rainfall days. The multiple comparison (Tehmane’s Test) had been applied between the studied stations. The results of the Shapiro-Wilk test shows that the distribution of monthly rainfall averages follows normal distribution in all stations except stations Tabuk and Al Bad’ and that the maximum daily rainfall distribution at Duba, Shuw?q, Al Kurr stations is also normal distribution. The Leven test results showed that the significance level was greater than 0.05 and the Leven Test was greater than 0.05 for the average monthly precipitation, for the daily maximum rainfall and for the number of rain days and it indicates the homogeneity of the rainfall variances in the studied stations.The ANOVA analysis of the averages and maximum daily rainfall, shows that the significance level is greater than 0.05 and the LSD test is greater than 0.05 indicating that the differences are not significant. While the LSD was greater than 0.05 for the number of rain days, indicating that the differences between the number of rain days and their distribution at the studied stations are statistically significant differences, and therefore there is no homogeneity in their differences. The results of the Tamhane’s Test of multiple comparison confirmed that the mean level of monthly mean rainfall and daily maximum rainfall is greater than 0.05 indicates that the differences between the monthly rain averages of and the daily maximum rainfall amounts are not significant for 22.2% of total comparisons.The effective rainfall estimate of Lang’s rainfall index shows that the threshold of effective mean rainfall is between 1.3 and 27.4 mm and that the threshold of maximum daily rainfall is 154.1 mm at the station (Al Bad’). Also, the effective rainfall estimate by the DeMartonne index shows that the threshold of average effective rainfall is between 1.2 and 15.2 mm and that the threshold of maximum daily rainfall is 80.4 mm at the station (Al Bad’). Therefore, the effective rainfall estimate by the UNEP index shows that the threshold of average effective rainfall is between 1.8 and 30.3 mm and that the threshold of maximum daily rainfall is 130.5 mm at the station (Al Bad’). Finally, the effective rainfall estimate by the difference between the rainfall and Pan Class“A” Evaporation shows that the threshold of average effective rainfall is between 1.2 and 25.8 mm and that the threshold of maximum daily rainfall is 137.1 mm at the station (Al Bad’).- Key Words:Effective rainfall average, Effective maximum daily rainfall , Number of rainy days, Statistical tests, Lang rainfall factor, DeMartonne index, UNEP arid index, Tabuk area, Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals ANALISIS CURAH HUJAN UNTUK MEMBUAT KURVA INTENSITY-DURATION-FREQUENCY (IDF) PADA SUB DAS METRO

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ir. Ernawan S, MT ◽  
Yuda Al Qadr Latief
Keyword(s):  
Return Period ◽  
Statistical Parameter ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Characteristics ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Important Input ◽  
Idf Curves ◽  
Intensity Duration Frequency ◽  
Rain Events ◽  
Maximum Daily Rainfall

Ernawan S.1) , Yuda Al Qadr Latief2)1,2) Jurusan Teknik Sipil Universitas Muhammadiyah MalangAlamat korespondensi : Jl. Raya Tlogomas 246 Malang 65144AbstractHydrological conditions in Indonesia and elsewhere is typical, so not all the way and all the concepts can be used to solve the problem of hydrology in Indonesia, especially in the Upstream Brantas River precisely in Sub Watershed of Metro. Rain is an important input component in the hydrological processes. Rainfall characteristics of which are the intensity, duration, depth, and frequency. Intensity related to the duration and frequency can be expressed by curves Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF). IDF curves can be used to calculateflood plan to use a rational method.In this study, daily rainfall calculated by frequency analysis begins by determining the mean maximum daily rainfall, then calculate statistical parameter to choose the most suitable distribution. The time is long dominant rainfall event with the greatest frequency of rain events. The intensity is calculated by using the data of observation.Based on the analysis of the frequency of the rain turns to design return period 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 years in a row is 49; 70; 86; 111; 132 and 155 mm. The results showed that the amount of time the dominant rain events between 4-8 hours. IDF curves in sub watershed of Metro based on the data observations generally showed a pattern where the rainfall is always preceded by a high intensity then progressively decreases. Besides the greater the return period tend to have higher rainfall intensity. The results of this research could bedeveloped even if it may be modified in accordance with the specific conditions subwatershed of Metro.

scholarly journals ESTIMATE OF THE INTENSITY-DURATION-FREQUENCY PARAMETERS OF INTENSE RAINFALL FOR THE STATE OF ALAGOAS, BRAZIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 314-325
Author(s):  
João Batista Lopes da Silva ◽  
Nicole Lopes Bento ◽  
Gabriel Soares Lopes Gomes ◽  
Alcinei Ribeiro Campos ◽  
Danilo Paulúcio da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Return Period ◽  
Probabilistic Models ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
The State ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Intense Rainfall ◽  
Maximum Rainfall ◽  
Rain Gauges ◽  
Intensity Duration Frequency ◽  
Using Data

The study of the rainfall characteristics is of fundamental importance since the frequency of floods has increased in several parts of Brazil due to anthropic impacts of climatic changes. Thus, this study aimed to determine the parameters of the intense rainfall equation (K, a, b, c) for 52 municipalities in the State of Alagoas using data from 164 rain gauges ta available from the National Water Agency (ANA). The data series were subjected to consistency analysis and further desegregation of maximum daily rainfall to durations of the 5; 10; 15; 20; 25; 30; 60; 360; 480; 600; 720 and 1,440 minutes and return period of 5; 10; 25; 50 and 100 years according to different probabilistic models. The adjustment of the parameters was carried out by means of non-linear regression, with R² greater than 0.949 for all the stations, considering for this purpose one station per municipality, totaling 51 municipalities of study. It was obtained that the maximum rainfall intensity predicted increases with the increase in the return period and decreases with the increase of the duration of the rain. The greater intensities were detected in the mesoregion of Eastern Alagoano and the lowest intensities in the mesoregion of Sertão Alagoano.

scholarly journals Uncertainty in Rainfall Intensity Duration Frequency Curves of Peninsular Malaysia under Changing Climate Scenarios

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Noor ◽  
Tarmizi Ismail ◽  
Eun-Sung Chung ◽  
Shamsuddin Shahid ◽  
Jang Sung
Keyword(s):  
General Circulation ◽  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
General Circulation Models ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Rcp Scenarios ◽  
Maximum Rainfall ◽  
Idf Curves ◽  
Intensity Duration Frequency

This study developed a methodological framework to update the rainfall intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves under climate change scenarios. A model output statistics (MOS) method is used to downscale the daily rainfall of general circulation models (GCMs), and an artificial neural network (ANN) is employed for the disaggregation of projected daily rainfall to hourly maximum rainfall, which is then used for the development of IDF curves. Finally, the 1st quartiles, medians, and 3rd quartiles of projected rainfall intensities are estimated for developing IDF curves with uncertainty level. Eight GCM simulations under two radiative concentration pathways (RCP) scenarios, namely, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5, are used in the proposed framework for the projection of IDF curves with related uncertainties for peninsular Malaysia. The projection of rainfall revealed an increase in the annual average rainfall throughout the present century. The comparison of the projected IDF curves for the period 2006–2099 with that obtained using GCM hindcasts for the based period (1971–2005) revealed an increase in rainfall intensity for shorter durations and a decrease for longer durations. The uncertainty in rainfall intensity for different return periods for shorter duration is found to be 2 to 6 times more compared to longer duration rainfall, which indicates that a large increase in rainfall intensity for short durations projected by GCMs is highly uncertain for peninsular Malaysia. The IDF curves developed in this study can be used for the planning of climate resilient urban water storm water management infrastructure in Peninsular Malaysia.

RELAÇÕES INTENSIDADE-DURAÇÃO-FREQÜÊNCIA DE CHUVAS INTENSAS DE URUSSANGA, SC.

Irriga ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
Álvaro José Back
Keyword(s):  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Heavy Rain ◽  
Type I ◽  
Maximum Rainfall ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Pearson Type ◽  
Intensity Duration Frequency ◽  
Pearson Type Iii Distribution ◽  
Frequency Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

Este artigo apresenta as relações Intensidade-Duração-Freqüência de chuvas com duração de 5  até 1440 minutos para  a cidade de Urussanga, SC.  A distribuição de extremos tipo I forneceu melhor estimativa dos valores de chuvas intensas para durações de até 1 hora, e a distribuição Log Pearson tipo III forneceu melhor estimativa para durações superiores a 1 hora. Foram ajustados os parâmetros da equação de chuvas intensas, obtendo-se  K =  6828,8; m =  0,178; b =33,85 e n = 1,143 para chuvas com duração de até 120 minutos; K =  284,3; m =  0,220; b = 0,0  e n = 0,578  para chuvas com duração de 120 a 480 minutos;  K =  423,23; m =  0,297; b = 0,0  e n = 0,678 para chuvas com duração de 480 a 1440 minutos. Também foram analisadas as relações entre chuvas de diferentes durações. A relação entre a chuva máxima em 24 horas e a chuva de um dia depende do horário da coleta da chuva diária e do período de retorno, tendo em média o valor 1,14.   UNITERMOS: Precipitação,  chuva de projeto, estatística.     BACK, Á. J. INTENSITY-DURATION-FREQUENCY RELATION OF INTENSE RAINFALL  FOR URUSSANGA-SC.     2 ABSTRACT   This paper presents the Intensity-Duration-Frequency relationship of rainfall with duration varying from 5 to 1440 minutes for Urussanga, SC, Brazil. The distribution of extreme type I provided best estimation of rainfall for durations up to 1 hour, and Log Pearson Type III distribution provided the best estimation for durations over 1 hour. Heavy rain equations were adjusted, resulting in K = 6828.8, m = 0.178, b = 33.85, n = 1.143 for rainfall with up to 120 minutes; K = 284.3, m = 0.220, b = 0.0, and n = 0.578 for rainfall  from  120 to 480 minutes; K = 423.23,  m = 0.297, b = 0.0 and n = 0.678 for  rainfall  from 480 to 1440 minutes.  The relationship between rainfall of different durations was also analyzed. The relationship between the maximum rainfall during 24 hours and the rain of a day depends on the time of the collection of daily rainfall and return period and the average value of 1.14.   KEYWORDS: Rainfall, design rainfall, statistics.  

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