scholarly journals Systemic Discrimination in Policing: Four Key Factors to Address

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Rajnish Saini
Keyword(s):  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Racial Minorities ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Demographic Composition ◽  
Police Services ◽  
Police Organizations ◽  
Sexual Orientations ◽  
Systemic Discrimination

Canada’s demographic landscape is comprised of a breadth of cultures and religious beliefs, racialized groups, Indigenous persons, and genders and sexual orientations. In contrast, the demographic composition of many police services in Canada does not reflect the communities they serve. While efforts of police services across Canada to diversify have led to a proliferation of racial minorities, women, and Indigenous persons gaining employment within police organizations, serious obstacles of exclusion, racism, and discrimination remain. This paper will critically analyze four factors that accentuate and contribute to systemic discrimination in policing and provide recommendations to identify, mitigate, and address this issue.

scholarly journals Embedding Learning and Assessment Within Police Practice: The Opportunities and Challenges Arising from the Introduction of the PEQF in England and Wales

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 374-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic A Wood
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Police Training ◽  
Cultural Shift ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Police Practice ◽  
Police Services ◽  
Police Organizations ◽  
Significant Step ◽  
Reflective Practitioners ◽  
Substantial Change

Abstract This article reflects upon the development of the Policing Education Qualifications Framework (PEQF) in England and Wales and considers the implications it will have for policing degrees. Given the topic, the article is primarily forward-looking, but it draws upon the experiences of having worked closely with police for over 20 years in designing bespoke policing degree programmes. It is offered as an opinion piece. The PEQF represents a significant step change in the development of police training and education. In particular, it places tertiary education at the centre of all aspects of learning within the police organization. The article welcomes the PEQF as a significant opportunity to develop our understanding of police practice. In particular, it provides an impetus to explore ways of embedding learning and assessment within operational police practice. However, this will require both investment and a substantial change programme to ensure that police services have the appropriate infrastructure to support tertiary levels of learning and assessment. It will also require a cultural shift within both universities and police organizations. Most importantly, if the PEQF is to fulfil its potential, police services will need to embrace, promote, and enable reflective practitioners and become reflective practices in the fullest sense. If this is achieved, I argue, the policing degrees of tomorrow will be radically transformed for the better.

Transforming Police Leadership in the '90s

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad R. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Management Style ◽  
Police Leadership ◽  
Leadership Model ◽  
Police Services ◽  
Police Organizations ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
Traditional Approaches

As society changes at a rapid pace it becomes apparent that government must respond and change as well. In light of the Rodney King “Incident” in Los Angeles in March, 1991, and its aftermath a year later, the need for change in law enforcement is very evident. Police organizations can no longer carry on with their traditional approaches to the delivery of police services. Before exterior changes can be made, however, police leaders need to closely examine how they manage their organizations. This paper examines where police leadership is today and suggests where it should be headed in the future. Called for is a “Transformation” away from a traditional authoritarian management style to a leadership model that builds an organizational culture based on values, ethics, and a partnership with employees.

scholarly journals Racializing the Religious during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Stephanie C. Boddie ◽  
Jerry Z. Park
Keyword(s):  
Access To Care ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Racial Minorities ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Vulnerable Communities ◽  
Turbulent Times

In this article, we propose more research attention to an important dimension of social life that bears considerably on the racial patterns of the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic: religion. Drawing from recent insights into the complex relationship between religious affiliation and other intersecting social identities (namely race, gender and class), we argue that understanding the racial inequities of COVID-19 requires consideration of the religious beliefs, participation and the collective resources of racial minorities. We suggest that religion can simultaneously offer a salve for vulnerable communities during this outbreak and can exacerbate the spread of the disease without solving the problem of insufficient access to care. We describe how religion helps and hurts during these turbulent times.

COMMUNITY POLICING IN BORDER COMMUNITIES

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Inese Boluža
Keyword(s):  
Community Policing ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Security Sector Reform ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Reform Initiatives ◽  
Police Reform ◽  
Police Services ◽  
Police Organizations ◽  
Border Communities ◽  
Definition Of

Community orientated policing is widely held as the relatively new and interesting philosophy for Latvian policing. For the fifteen years the community policing movement has been gaining momentum acquiring the support of politicians, reformers, and the society. Unfortunately there are problems that continually plague the philosophy of community policing. Some of the largest obstacles that police organizations face with the community policing program are the initial implementation and understanding of community policing, the ability to change and adapt to the new format of policing, and the acceptance.As part  reform programs, State police of Latvia seek to introduce community policing. There is no clear or consistent definition of what constitutes a community policing programme. However, most community policing initiatives aim to improve relations between the police and residents, engage community members or civic organizations in evaluation of police services, and expand information sharing. Community policing control activities are not always linked to police reform initiatives; somestimes the two activities occur simultaneously in isolation on each other. There have been more increasing attempts to link or find synergies between control initiatives and realised programs, especially (community-based) weapons collection programs and disarmament and demobilization projects. Policing reform has been a rather neglected area of security sector reform that has been addressed on an ad hoc basis. Some analysts see the need to reduce the number of firearms in circulation as a way to improve public security, and thus training in the management of safeguarding police stockpiles, keeping accurate inventories of weapons and appropriate weapons handling need to be reinforced.Public safety cannot be taken for granted. It can only be achieved not only through the professionalism of our finest, but through successful collaboration with their neighboring counterparts as well. They all deserve our respect and gratitude, and not calumny and frivolous criticisms.

Cynicism, dirty work, and policing sex crimes

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale C. Spencer ◽  
Rosemary Ricciardelli ◽  
Dale Ballucci ◽  
Kevin Walby
Keyword(s):  
Digital Evidence ◽  
Sex Crimes ◽  
Dirty Work ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Police Services ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Police Organizations ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Sex Crime

Purpose Digital evidence is now infused in many (or arguably most) cases of sexual assault, which has refigured investigative tools, policing strategies and sources of cynicism for those working in sex crime units. Although cynicism, both its sources and affects, is widely studied among scholars of work and policing, little is known about how police working in sex crime units experience, mitigate and express cynicism. The purpose of this paper is to fill this gap in understanding and explore the role of cynicism amongst investigators working in sex crime units. Design/methodology/approach To address this research gap, the authors conducted 70 semi-structured in-depth interviews and two focus groups with members of police services organizations across Canada working in sex crime units. Findings Examining sources of cynicism and emotional experiences, the authors reveal that officers in these units normalize and neutralize organizational and intra-organizational sources of cynicism, and cope with the potentially traumatizing and emotionally draining realities of undertaking this form of “dirty work.” The authors show that officer cynicism extends beyond offenders into organizational and operational aspects of their occupations and their lived experiences outside of work, which has implications for literature on police work, cynicism and digital policing. Originality/value The authors contribute to the literature on cyber policing by, first, examining sex crimes unit member’s sources of cynicism in relation to sex crimes and the digital world and, second, by exploring sources of cynicism in police organizations and other branches in the criminal justice system. The authors examine how such cynicism seeps into relationships outside of the occupation. The authors’ contribution is in showing that cynicism related to police dirty work is experienced in relation to “front” and “back” regions (Dick, 2005) but also in multiple organizational and social spheres. The authors contribute to the extant literature on dirty work insofar as it addresses the underexplored dirty work associated with policing cyber environments and the morally tainted elements of such policing tasks.

Digital imaging and quantitative image analysis of polymer blends

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 170-171
Author(s):  
Xiao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Digital Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Imaging Systems ◽  
Polymer Science ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Multiple Imaging ◽  
Quantitative Image ◽  
Digital Imaging Systems ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
Network Technologies

Polymer microscopy involves multiple imaging techniques. Speed, simplicity, and productivity are key factors in running an industrial polymer microscopy lab. In polymer science, the morphology of a multi-phase blend is often the link between process and properties. The extent to which the researcher can quantify the morphology determines the strength of the link. To aid the polymer microscopist in these tasks, digital imaging systems are becoming more prevalent. Advances in computers, digital imaging hardware and software, and network technologies have made it possible to implement digital imaging systems in industrial microscopy labs.

Nonspecific Chronic Back Pain: Sixth Edition Approaches

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 14-15
Author(s):  
Jay Blaisdell ◽  
James B. Talmage
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Chronic Back Pain ◽  
Intervertebral Disk ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Sixth Edition ◽  
Whole Person ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Intervertebral Disk Herniation ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Ratings for “non-specific chronic, or chronic reoccurring, back pain” are based on the diagnosis-based impairment method whereby an impairment class, usually representing a range of impairment values within a cell of a grid, is selected by diagnosis and “specific criteria” (key factors). Within the impairment class, the default impairment value then can be modified using non-key factors or “grade modifiers” such as functional history, physical examination, and clinical studies using the net adjustment formula. The diagnosis of “nonspecific chronic, or chronic reoccurring, back pain” can be rated in class 0 and 1; the former has a default value of 0%, and the latter has a default value of 2% before any modifications. The key concept here is that the physician believes that the patient is experiencing pain, yet there are no related objective findings, most notably radiculopathy as distinguished from “nonverifiable radicular complaints.” If the individual is found not to have radiculopathy and the medical record shows that the patient has never had clinically verifiable radiculopathy, then the diagnosis of “intervertebral disk herniation and/or AOMSI [alteration of motion segment integrity] cannot be used.” If the patient is asymptomatic at maximum medical improvement, then impairment Class 0 should be chosen, not Class 1; a final whole person impairment rating of 1% indicates incorrect use of the methodology.

It Gets Better Videos for Suicide Prevention in LGBTIQ+ Adolescents

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Kirchner ◽  
Benedikt Till ◽  
Martin Plöderl ◽  
Thomas Niederkrotenthaler
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Coming Out ◽  
German Language ◽  
Professional Help ◽  
Characteristics Method ◽  
Sexual Orientations ◽  
It Gets Better Project

Abstract. Background: The It Gets Better project aims to help prevent suicide among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, and queer (LGBTIQ+) adolescents. It features personal video narratives portraying how life gets better when struggling with adversities. Research on the contents of messages is scarce. Aims: We aimed to explore the content of videos in the Austrian It Gets Better project regarding the representation of various LGBTIQ+ groups and selected content characteristics. Method: A content analysis of all German-language videos was conducted ( N = 192). Messages related to coming out, stressors experienced, suicidal ideation/behavior, and on how things get better were coded. Results: Representation was strong for gay men ( n = 45; 41.7%). Coming out to others was mainly positively framed ( n = 31; 46.3%) and seen as a tool to make things better ( n = 27; 37.5%). Social support ( n = 42; 62.7%) and self-acceptance ( n = 37; 55.2%) were prevalent topics. Common stressors included a conservative setting ( n = 18, 26.9%), and fear of outing ( n = 17; 25.4%). Suicidality ( n = 9; 4.7%) and options to get professional help ( n = 7; 8.2%) were rarely addressed. Limitations: Only aspects explicitly brought up in the videos were codeable. Conclusion: Videos do not fully represent gender identities and sexual orientations. Messaging on suicidality and professional help require strengthening to tailor them better for suicide prevention.

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