scholarly journals Textile & clothing clusters – sustainable development drive of the Romanian economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (06) ◽  
pp. 483-488
Author(s):  
OLARU SABINA ◽  
GROSU CATALIN ◽  
EFTALEA CARPUS ◽  
GHITULEASA PYERINA CARMEN ◽  
PUIU MIRELA GRETI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Regional Competitiveness ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
New Business Formation ◽  
Research Organizations ◽  
New Business ◽  
International Interactions ◽  
National Systems

The tendency among developed countries is the development of national systems with complex international interactions, called by the specialists: “triangles of knowledge”. The triangle of knowledge, consisting of education, research and innovation, is realized through cooperation between education institutions, research organizations and the business environment. The importance of clusters to increase regional competitiveness comes from the fact that co-located businesses increase company productivity, lead to job creation, stimulate innovation, stimulate new business formation and support the survival and growth of small businesses. This paper presents elements for defining the Romanian clusters involved in textile & clothing sector and their activity analysis. According to the Ministry of Economy, in Romania there are 4 clusters in the textile & clothing sector, presented by development regions. For a detailed view of the Romanian textile & clothingclusters activity, the analysis of their economic indicators during the period 2012-2016 was carried out. The turnover achieved by the textile & clothing enterprises part of the four clusters was in 2016 of 1.19 billionRON, employing a staff of about 7078 employees. Clusters have the potential to create innovation-friendly ecosystems to strengthen SME clusters to better exploit their needs as a means of promoting economic growth.

Factors Influencing New-Business Formation: A Case Study of Northern Ireland

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1395-1412 ◽  
Author(s):  
R T Harrison ◽  
M Hart
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Pull Factors ◽  
Push Factors ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
New Business Formation ◽  
New Business ◽  
Opposite Manner ◽  
Business Formation

This paper examines some of the factors which influence the creation of small businesses and the development of entrepreneurship in Northern Ireland. Particular attention is given to the investigation of the macroeconomic constraints on the process of new-business formation, which influence the decision of individuals to establish businesses themselves. Data on company registrations in Northern Ireland over the period 1951–1980 give some support to the proposition that new-business formation is a response to two sets of factors, ‘push’ factors and ‘pull’ factors. Push factors encourage an individual to leave paid employment (or more rarely unemployment) to establish his own business, and it is argued that the threat of unemployment is a significant factor in this decision. Pull factors operate in the opposite manner, making more attractive the opportunities and benefits of self-employment. Of particular interest in this respect is the apparent importance of upturns, or perceived upturns, in economic activity. On the basis of these findings, a number of suggestions for further more detailed research are made.

scholarly journals Current trends in the development of small businesses in Ukrainian agriculture

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Petro Yu. Kurmaiev ◽  
Paraskoviia Т. Kolisnichenko
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

Purpose of the research. The aim of the article is to analyze the activities of small agricultural enterprises in Ukraine and identify the main obstacles to their development. Methodology. The following methods were used in the research process: generalization and comparative analysis. The authors used sources of statistical information and analytical reviews. The list of them is given in the list of references. Results. The article analyzes the main indicators that characterize the efficiency of small business in Ukraine. The role of small enterprises in the economy of developed countries is studied. It is noted that the impact of small business performance on gross domestic product (GDP) dynamics is different and depends on many factors – both historical and other, related, for example, to the structure of the economy, the culture of entrepreneurship. It is indicated that with the independence of our country, small business has developed rapidly, its share in the total number of businesses has grown. The main indicators that characterize the activity of small enterprises in agriculture of Ukraine are analyzed. The results of the study show a positive trend towards increasing the profitability of small businesses operating in agriculture in Ukraine. Practical meaning. The main obstacles to the development of small business in Ukraine have been identified. These include: low efficiency of legal regulation of economic relations, high levels of corruption and raiding. The authors notes that the acceleration of positive trends in small business development is possible provided that the level of favorable business environment in Ukraine is increased. Prospects for further research may be a mechanism for reconciling the interests of the subjects of the process of small business social responsibility.

Mobile Telephony and New Business Formation Rates in BRICS and Beyond: Does Human Capital Matter?

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-158
Author(s):  
Yazid Abdullahi Abubakar ◽  
Jay Mitra ◽  
Adeyeye Mercy Modupe
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Country Level ◽  
New Business Formation ◽  
New Business ◽  
Business Formation

This study examines whether and to what extent ‘domestic’ education level mediates the relationship between mobile phone diffusion and new business formation rates across the developing world, that is, Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) and non-BRICS developing countries. Drawing on the knowledge spillover theory (KST) of entrepreneurship, we suggest that the recent rise in domestic education levels might explain the positive association between mobile phone diffusion and new business formation rates. Utilising country-level panel data on 66 developing countries, the results indicate that the mediating effect of education on mobile phone diffusion and new business formation rates is not just limited to developing countries (including BRICS) but that this pattern can also be found in non-BRIC developing nations too, with the exception of the least developed countries (LDCs). We conclude with implications for theory and policy.

scholarly journals Modern trends of development at regional business in Ukraine: national traditions and international experience

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Linear Method ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
International Experience ◽  
The State ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Foreign Experience

The article analyzes the essence of entrepreneurial processes at the regional and national levels, as well as entrepreneurial activity as a sphere of realization of economic motivation; recommendations on the improvement of the motivational mechanism of entrepreneurial activity in Ukraine are given on the example of the foreign experience. Within the framework of the article, an attempt is made to systematically comprehend the general laws of the development of entrepreneurship in a post-industrial economy and to analyze problems that related to the integration of the regional business environment into national business processes and seek ways to their solutions. The subject of research is the trends of development of regional business based on study of Ukrainian national traditions and international experience. The goal is to determinate the place and role of regional business in the national system of entrepreneurship as an actual mechanism for supporting the Ukrainian economy and its structural layers. The objective is to analyze the mistakes of an entrepreneur in the implementation of their projects and enterprises, as well as to solve problems that impede the development of business processes in the national economy. General scientific methods are used, such as: method of vertical comparisons – giving the opportunity to study the structure of phenomena and processes and trends in their change; grouping method – assumes the division of the studied set of objects into qualitatively homogeneous groups according to the corresponding characteristics; linear method – implies that the optimal variant is selected from a significant number of alternative options. The following results were obtained: the real motives of entrepreneurial activity are studied; the exceptional importance of creating new business technologies is determined; the state strategy of entrepreneurship development are obtained. Conclusions: one of the main tasks of small business support system in developed countries is to represent and protect the interests and needs of small businesses at various levels. A special feature of this process is the leading role of main government agencies and their active interaction with professional, public and other business associations. The basis of modern economic policy of the state should be in using the local and regional specifics, foreign experience in certain sectors of the economy, as well as support for education, science and private entrepreneurship.

Technology transfer from British to Vietnamese industrial companies - venturing into a new business culture

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ca Tran Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Transfer Process ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Business Culture ◽  
Industrial Companies ◽  
New Business

The paper examines the process of technology transfer from British industrial companies to Vietnamese companies, to look at the obstacles of this process, especially in dealing with different business culture environments. The study uses the case studies method, conducting interviews with about ten companies working in oil and gas service industry. Since this is only a first stage of the longer term project, only preliminary results were discussed. Therefore, a company in civil engineering consulting has been examined for comparison. The paper argues that the differences in perception of the same operation activity like service in oil and gas industry are crucial factors to take into account if the transfer process is to be successful. Also, the transferor and the recipient may have different behaviour in negotiating, in communicating with each other. Thus, the preparation of background information, to do "home work", patience and pro-active attitudes in trying to understand partners are important for transferring technology into different business environment.   In addition, the factors, sometime not very technology-related, such as internal political motives and organisational issues of the firms involved can be very influential in the success of technology transfer process.

scholarly journals Global Economy Crisis and its Impact on Operational Container Carrier’s Strategy

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
Vladimir Jerebić ◽  
Stanislav Pavlin
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
Container Shipping ◽  
Freight Rates ◽  
New Business ◽  
Cyclic Changes ◽  
Economic And Financial Crisis

The shipping market is an economic derivative of global production and trade, being precariously subject of their cyclic changes, depressions and expansions. This paper analyses the condition of global container shipping market, caused by long-lasting economic and financial crisis that begun in 2008, but is still much visible within the container industry, particularly through overcapacity and low freight rates. It also deals with major changes of maritime container carrier’s management strategies, development and application of advanced transportation, technological, technical, economical, organizational and commercial measures in order to adapt and cope with new business environment. Finally, an attempt is made to forecast the market, potential difficulties and to propose problem-solving measures.

What's New in the Launching of Start-ups?

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Matricano
Keyword(s):  
New Ventures ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
Globalized Economy ◽  
New Business ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
Research Centres

The exploitation of knowledge and experience is increasingly important to companies operating in the globalized economy, faced with intense competition and striving to make headway in difficult markets. If such exploitation is important for existing companies, able to develop their own knowledge from previous experience, it is critical for new ventures that have no direct real-world experience on which to draw. Would-be entrepreneurs now operate in a very different business environment from that of their predecessors and they need new forms of entrepreneurship education and new methods of pre-launch trial and analysis for start-ups. The transition from ‘nature’ to ‘nurture’ in the approach to and perception of entrepreneurship, coupled with the increasingly engaged economic role of higher education institutions and research centres can be manipulated effectively to improve the prospects for success of high-expectation entrepreneurs. This article demonstrates how Curley and Formica's model of the experimental laboratory for would-be entrepreneurs responds to the new business environment and the new thinking.

The Rise of Transnational Corporations from Developing Countries in the Second Half of the 20th Century

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11 (109)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Alexey Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Order ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global South ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Outward Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment Stock

The article highlights three stages of the formation of multinationals from developing countries. Although first Argentine TNCs appeared at the turn of the 19th — 20th centuries, in the majority of the Global South countries TNCs appeared in the 1960s — 1980s. With the collapse of the bipolar world order, which in many developing countries was accompanied by significant internal political and economic transformations, the second stage of foreign expansion of TNCs from the Global South began. Indeed, in 1990 they accounted for 6 % of global outward foreign direct investment stock, while the figure was 10 % by the end of 2005. We date the beginning of the third stage to the financial and economic crisis of 2007—2009, since multinationals from developing countries as a whole are more successfully overcoming the period of turbulence in the global economy. By the end of 2020, they accounted for 22 % of global outward foreign direct investment stock, and during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis they generally exported more than 50% of the capital. The modern foreign expansion of such TNCs has many reasons, differs greatly from country to country, and often differs slightly from the specifics of Western multinationals. At the same time, initially, “late internationalization” in developing countries had two main vectors — the use of new opportunities for South — South cooperation and overcoming, through the creation of subsidiaries in highly developed countries, the shortcomings of the business environment of “catching up” countries.

Characteristics of the ERP Systems Designed for Managing Small Businesses

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petar Hlebarov
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Erp Systems ◽  
Small Organizations ◽  
Business In Society

This article mainly aims to introduce the particular charactersitics of the ERP systems, used for managing small businesses, by answering several basic questions related to this topic: What do we generally understand by ERP systems? What is the essence of ERP for small business? What is the role of ERP for small business? What do we understand by small business? What are the characteristics of small business? What is the role of small business in society? What are the basic problems of small business? What is today’s business environment? In this respect, the report introduces the essence and the role of the ERP systems used for managing small business organizations in a structured and summarized way. It shows how the specific characteristics of small business and today’s business environment affect the ERP configurations, compared to those used in large organizations. At the end of the paper, a summary is provided of the characteristics of the ERP systems used for managing small organizations.

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