scholarly journals Governance in an International Institution - The World Bank and its Reorganisations

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-58
Author(s):  
Sikander Rahim
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
The Right

The governance of an institution is normally partly ensured by other institutions, which depend on yet other institutions for their governance. But who ultimately guards the guardians? For the liberal electoral democracies of Europe and America the answer that evolved from the political thought of the eighteenth century and the limited liability joint stock company of the nineteenth was, crudely put, checks and balances and voters, who could be the electorate or shareholders. Its limitation is that it presupposes a state and the right of the voters to vote in their own interest. How, then, can good governance be ensured for international organisations, especially the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, in which the representatives of the developed countries hold the majority of the votes on the Boards and are expected to cast them, not in their own immediate interests, but in the long term interest of the developing countries that borrow from these institutions?

scholarly journals Menarik Investasi Ke Indonesia Dengan Tax Holiday

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
Irwan Aribowo ◽  
Deny Irawan
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Positive Signal ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Ease Of Doing Business ◽  
Tax Holidays ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tax Holiday

This research contains about how tax holiday as one of the tax incentives used by the Indonesian government to attract investment Ease of Doing Business index (EoDB)  released by the World Bank. Tax holiday is expected to be able to provide a positive signal to investors that Indonesia is the right country to invest in. In this paper it was found that tax holidays are not capable of attracting investment alone, but other factors are needed in order for tax holidays to be successful in attracting investment. Penelitian ini berisi tentang bagaimana tax holiday sebagai salah satu insentif pajak yang digunakan oleh pemerintah Indonesia untuk menarik investasi Karena pajak merupakan salah satu yang menjadi perhitungan dalam indeks kemudahan bisnis yang dirilis oleh Bank Dunia. Tax holiday diharapkan mampu memberikan sinyal positif kepada para investor bahwa Indonesia adalah negara yang tepat untuk berinvestasi. Dalam penelitian ini dtemukan bahwa tax holiday tak mampu sendirian menarik investasi, akan tetapi dibutuhkan faktor-faktor lain agar tax holiday berhasil menarik investasi,

scholarly journals Development Aid - A Perspective on the Sustainability of World Bank Projects

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Dominik Schafer
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Project Delivery ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Asian Continent ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World

This paper focuses on the evaluation of the World Bank (WB) performance in delivering development aid to the Least Developed Countries (LDCs). For this purpose, an extensive research was performed to analyze a set of 790 Implementation Completion and Results reports for sustainability outcomes. Results of this research provide various insights on sustainability ratings of project delivery of the LDCs and the African and Asian continent, whereas overall satisfying sustainability ratings are disclosed.

scholarly journals Chopping the world into bits: Africa, the World Bank, and the good governance norm

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
World Bank ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World

This article explores norms as idealizations, in an attempt to grasp their significance as projects for international organizations. We can think about norms as ‘standards of proper behaviour’. In this sense they are somehow natural, things to be taken for granted, noticed only really when they are absent. We can also think about norms as ‘understandings about what is good and appropriate’. In this sense, norms embody a stronger sense of virtue and an ability to enable progress or improvement. Norms become ideal when they are able to conflate what is good with what is appropriate, standard, or proper. It is when the good becomes ‘natural’ that a norm appears immanent and non-contestable, and so acquires an idealized form.45Along with the other articles in this special issue, I will attempt to challenge some of the complacency surrounding the apparent naturalness and universality of norms employed in international relations.

Holding Intergovernmental Institutions to Account

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngaire Woods
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Political Accountability ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Internal Accountability ◽  
The Right ◽  
National Governments ◽  
Political Decisions

How can governments and peoples better hold to account international economic institutions, such as the WTO, the World Bank, and the IMF? This article proposes an approach based on public accountability, advocating improvements in four areas: constitutional, political, financial, and internal accountability.The argument for more accountability is made with two caveats: more accountability is not always good–it can be distorting and costly; and, enhancing the accountability of international institutions should not justify increasing their jurisdiction for the sake of reducing the role of national governments. Constitutional accountability poses limits on how the institutions expand their activities, requiring the active consent of all members and particularly those most affected by their activities. Political accountability requires that those who make decisions in the organizations are directly answerable to all member governments and not just to the most powerful ones. The institutions' uneven record and structure of financial accountability is addressed through a model of mutual restraint. Finally, the internal accountability should ensure that technical decisions are distinguishable from political decisions. A better matching of the right kinds of accountability to the activities of the organizations would improve both their effectiveness and legitimacy.

On the Brain Drain of Africans to America: Some Methodological Observations

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Nii-Amoo Dodoo ◽  
Baffour Takyi ◽  
Jesse Mann
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Relative Comparisons ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

AbstractRecurring debates about the impact of the brain drain— the developing world's loss of human capital to more developed countries—has motivated estimation of the magnitude of the phenomenon, most recently by the World Bank. Although frequently cited as a key contributor to Africa's wanting development record, what constitutes the "brain-drain" is not always clearly defined. Today, in the absence of an accounting system, resolution of the definitional and measurement question depends on relative comparisons of measurement variants, which will identify definitional shortcomings by clarifying the merits and demerits of these variants, and thereby suggest corrective imputations. This paper compares the World Bank's approach to a chronological precedent (Dodoo 1997) to clarify the value of variant comparisons. The resultant implications for corrections are also discussed.

The International Monetary Fund in Economic Development: Equality and Discrimination

1982 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-48
Author(s):  
F. Parkinson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
International Finance ◽  
World Bank ◽  
International Monetary Fund ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
The International Monetary Fund

While the demand for economic development by underdeveloped countries has a long history, two landmarks call for brief comment: 1960, when a massinflux of newly-independent underdeveloped countries lent political strength to their clamours; and 1973, when the spectacular rise in oil prices became a potential weapon of the developing countries. The chief political forum of the latter has been the General Assembly of the United Nations, but battle has also been done in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), chief forum on international trade. Some concessions have been wrested from the developed countries, but progress in the two chief fora of public international finance, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, has been slow. Both of these international institutions have become the focus of manoeuvre between the developing and the developed countries.

scholarly journals How to be an Asian Tiger

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-108
Author(s):  
Anis Alam
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Small Country ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Asian Tiger ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Industrialised Countries

In 1995 the Republic of Korea (ROK) was officially admitted to the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). This organisation groups together industrially developed countries of the world. Recently, the World Bank has also released a study of China that predicts that China is going to become the second biggest economy in the next fifteen years if its economic growth follows the pattern of the last fifteen years. ROK is the only country from among the developing countries to join the ranks of the developed industrialised countries in the last thirty years. However, it is still a small country compared to China. Hence when China completes its transformation into an industrialised country the whole world will be affected.

John Cody, Helen Hughes and David Wall (eds.). Policies for Industrial Progressin Developing Countries - A Study jointly Sponsored by UNIDO and the World Bank. New York: Oxford University Press (for the World Bank). 1980. Paper Back Edition. ix + 316 pp.

1981 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-473
Author(s):  
Mir Annice Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Exchange Control

The book under review is a compendium of acticles by eminent economists including W. M. Corden, Amartya Sen, Ronald McKinnon, Deepak Lal and others. These economists who have had much experience with policy-making in developing countries evaluate the different policies undertaken by governments to facilitate industrial progress in the less developed countries. Of particular importance among these policies are those that deal with the balance of payments, exchange control, licensing, tariffs, quotas, etc. As noted by the editors the manufacturing sector has been largely responsible for industrial development; as such the subject matter of all the articles is related to this sector only.

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