«The Intrigues Are in Full Swing»: Five Letters of the Caucasian Political Émigrés G. Bammat, A. Kantemir and H. Hasmamedov from the Berlin «Adloniada» in 1942

Author(s):  
Й. Шнелле

Конференция, организованная Министерством иностранных дел Германии в 1942 году для многочисленной группы кавказских политиков-эмигрантов, известная как «Адлониада» (была названа в честь берлинской гостиницы, в которой останавливалось большинство участников), оказалась ключевым событием в формировании немецкой политики по отношению к Кавказскому региону. Пять опубликованных здесь писем впервые дают представление о работе конференции с точки зрения трех участников с Северного Кавказа и из Азербайджана. Эти письма помогают нам глубже понять ход определенных событий, погрузиться в интриги и политические инициативы участвующих в них кавказских эмигрантов, а также определить их отношение к немецкой принимающей стороне. A conference organised by the German Foreign Ministry in 1942 for a large group of émigré politicians from the Caucasus – commonly referred to as the ‘Adloniada’ after the Berlin hotel most of them were staying at – proved to be a pivotal event in the evolution of German policies regarding the Caucasus region. Five letters published here for the first time provide an insight into its proceedings from the perspective of three participants from the North Caucasus and Azerbaijan. They help further our understanding of the concrete course of events, the intrigues among and political proposals of the attending Caucasian émigrés, as well as their attitudes towards their German hosts.

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Shishlina ◽  
Johan Plicht ◽  
Elya Zazovskaya

AbstractBone catapult and hammer-headed pins played one of very specific roles in funerary offerings in the Bronze Age graves uncovered in the Eurasian Steppes and the North Caucasus. Scholars used different types of pins as key grave offerings for numerous chronological models. For the first time eight pins have been radiocarbon dated. 14C dating of bone pins identified the catapult type pin as the earliest one. They marked the period of the Yamnaya culture formation. Then Yamnaya population produced hammer-headed pins which became very popular in other cultural environments and spread very quickly across the Steppe and the Caucasus during 2900–2650 cal BC. But according to radiocarbon dating bone pins almost disappeared after 2600 cal BC.


Zoosymposia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
NIKOLAY M. PARAMONOV

A new species, Pedicia (Pedicia) savtshenkoi, is described from Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Russia. This species of nominative subgenus Pedicia is discovered for the first time in the Caucasus. A key to males of West Palaearctic species of Pedicia (Pedicia) is presented.


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 489-495
Author(s):  
Patimat I. Takhnaeva

The review is devoted to a monograph about the stay of one of the most significant masters of the St. Petersburg Association "World of art" E. E. Lancer on the territory of the North Caucasus and Transcaucasia during a difficult time of transformation and change of power, numerous projects and trips of the artist both in the Caucasus region and abroad (in Anatolia, France, Moscow, Leningrad, Kharkiv, Rostov-on-don), the emergence of his interest in traveling and preserving his love for Georgia, Armenia, Dagestan and other republics from the 1910s until his death in 1946.


2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 60-79
Author(s):  
V. Burmin ◽  
O. Kendzera ◽  
L. Shumlianska ◽  
T. Amashukeli

The question of the existence of foci of deep earthquakes in the region of the Crimea-Black Sea-Caucasus is extremely important from the point of view of the geodynamics of the region. Previously it was thought that only crustal earthquakes could occur in this region. Recently, results have been obtained that show that earthquakes with depths of at least 300 km occur in this region. The article discusses the question of how plausible these results are and why they were not obtained earlier. Seven specific examples of the ambiguous determination of the depth of earthquake hypocenters in the Crimea-Black Sea-Caucasus region are considered. These examples clearly show that determining the coordinates of earthquake hypocenters using algorithms based on the Geiger method does not allow one to uniquely determine the depth of the hypocenters. The article gives an idea of the authors about the origin of mantle earthquakes in the Caucasian and Crimean-Black Sea regions. For the Caucasus region, mantle earthquakes are associated with two reasons: submersion of the lithospheric layer; in the asthenospheric layer, represented in the seismotomographic sections by a low-velocity anomaly, the nature of earthquake foci is associated with fluids formed during phase transition reactions. In the Crimean-Black Sea region, earthquake foci are located in the lithosphere layer, and the sliding of the lithosphere along the less viscous underlying layer of the upper mantle causes tectonic movements in the lithosphere accompanied by earthquakes. In addition, to determine the coordinates of the hypocenters of the Crimean and Caucasian earthquakes during routine processing, hodographs were used for depths not exceeding 35 km for the Crimea and 50 km for the Caucasus and 150 for the North Caucasus. This circumstance is the main reason why deep earthquakes could not be detected.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor' Bocharnikov

The monograph defines the origins, essence and content of the Caucasian policy of Russia, its main stages, its significance for the development of Russian statehood and the peoples of the region. The monograph pays special attention to the Caucasian wars of Russia, the experience of suppressing anti-Russian and anti-Soviet armed demonstrations in the region. The historical and modern experience of the development of the Caucasus region shows that the weakening of Russia's position in the region naturally leads to an escalation of tension and conflict, aggravation of inter-ethnic contradictions, manifestations of extremism and other forms of destructive activities that threaten the life of citizens and peoples of the Caucasus. As a result, the strength of Russia's position in the Caucasus is a guarantee of the safe and free development of the peoples of the region. The author's conclusions and suggestions presented in the monograph can be used in the process of implementing a balanced and verified policy in order to ensure the national security and interests of the Russian Federation in the North Caucasus, building relations with neighboring states in the region, as well as other international actors positioning their involvement in the political processes of the South Caucasus. It is addressed to researchers, teachers, students, a wide range of readers.


BMC Zoology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatimat Tembotova ◽  
Ekaterina Kuchinova ◽  
Albina Amshokova ◽  
Ekaretina Kononenko

Abstract Background There are two species of Mus in the Caucasus: M. musculus and M. macedonicus. M. musculus is widespread in the Caucasus, where the species is found everywhere from the Black to the Caspian Sea. M. macedonicus is ubiquitous Transcaucasia. The most north-astern border of its distribution in the Caucasus, according to the literature, is located in the Derbent region, near the border between Dagestan and Azerbaijan. Results Cytochrome b mt-DNA of genus Mus research in this study in the Eastern Caucasus. About 70% of M. musculus haplotypes from the lowlands of Dagestan were recorded for the first time. One of these haplotypes accounts for approximately 25% of the total species diversity of haplotypes. M. macedonicus was found in only one locality, the Sarykum barchans, where this species prevails in number and accounts for 70% of the total number mice of the genus Mus. The species is characterized by low values of genetic diversity and nucleotide variability, which may indicate that the population originated from a small number of founders and may explain its relative isolation from the main range. The dating of the appearance of the ancestors of M. musculus in the east of the Russian Caucasus corresponds to 99-66 thousand years ago (at a mutation rate of 3-10% per million years). Conclusion The results obtained suggest that the history of the appearance of M. musculus in the Eastern Caucasus is more ancient and is not associated with human agricultural activities. We believe that possibly the ancestral range of M. musculus covered the eastern and western coasts of the Caspian Sea in the territory of southern Dagestan, Azerbaijan, and Iran. In this paper M. macedonicus, a Balkan-Asia Minor species, was registered for the first time in the North Caucasus. This species was registered in the center of Dagestan, where it inhabits sympatrically (on the territory) and syntopically (on the same biotope) with M. musculus. The low values of genetic diversity of M. macedonicus in the North Caucasus suggest that the population originated from a small group of founders.


Author(s):  
Jeronim Perović

This chapter provides an overview of the most important historical trajectories, covering the period from Russia’s advance towards the Caucasus under Catherine II in the last third of the 18th century to military conquest in the mid-19th century with the surrender of Imam Shamil. The main goal is to give readers an understanding of the character of Russian imperial strategies of conquest, as well as providing an insight into the nature and the changing forms of resistance against Russia’s advance. This chapter also includes a discussion of societal, cultural and political changes taking place in the North Caucasus, and an overview of the main historiographical debates concerning the reasons for Russian military victory.


Turczaninowia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Aleksey A. Kechaykin ◽  
Michail V. Skaptsov ◽  
Alexander A. Batkin ◽  
Ilja N. Timukhin ◽  
Boris S. Tuniyev ◽  
...  

Analysis of ploidy and DNA content of Asplenium septentrionale s. l. from the Crimea, the Caucasus and Europe showed the presence of diploid forms. This allowed for the first time to draw a conclusion about the growth of Asplenium caucasicum (Fraser-Jenkins et Lovis) Viane in Europe and Russia, described from Asia. For the first time Asplenium onopteris L. was reorded in the North Caucasus.


Author(s):  
Aleksej Erohin ◽  
◽  
Sergej Vorobev ◽  
Evgenii Avdeev ◽  
◽  
...  

Introduction. The article presents the results of the research, which helped to determine the assessments and perceptions of young people in the Caucasus region about the state, nature and direction of the development of ethnopolitical processes, to identify common and special in the views of youth in the North and South Caucasus. Methods and Materials. Sociological research within the framework of the scientific project “Ethno-Political Processes in the Caucasus in the Assessments and Perceptions of Modern Youth” was carried out by the authors of the article in 2019 using the online survey method. 2,000 respondents were interviewed, namely students of leading universities of the region (1,000 respondents were interviewed in the North Caucasus and 1,000 respondents in the South Caucasus), the age of the respondents being 18-24 years old. The role of state authorities in the formation of civic and national identity among youth of the North Caucasus was revealed as a result of the content analysis of regional programs and other information materials in 2018. Analysis. It was found that the spectrum of the main ethnopolitical issues of concern to young people in the Caucasus region is largely identical for both the North and South Caucasus. It was revealed that civic, national, and religious identities are of priority and equal importance for the vast majority of youth. Civic and national identity for the absolute majority of Caucasian respondents is associated with the preservation of national culture and history, pride of their country and its achievements, protection of the Fatherland, and the guarantee of human rights and freedoms. Regional identity is a priority for the overwhelming majority of young people in the Caucasus. It can be assumed that risks of conflict between civil, national, and confessional identities persist among young people in the region. Youth in the Caucasus have a high level of political activity and consider their active participation in the political life of the region necessary. At the same time, they are more inclined towards a constructive solution to socio-political problems, volunteering, as well as dialogue and cooperation with state authorities. The main actors forming political views, according to the majority of respondents, are the environment in which they communicate, close relatives, as well as the blogosphere and social networks. The role of state administration in the formation of civil and national identity among young people in the North Caucasus is analyzed. The conclusion is that it is necessary to strengthen work in the region to develop public initiatives among youth, to involve them in socially significant activities, to activate their creative potential, and to develop their participation in various civil society institutions, especially volunteer organizations. Results. The conclusion is made about the need for a wide integration of young people of the region into the all-Russian socio-cultural space, the implementation of equal partnership between youth, civil society institutions and state authorities, greater involvement of young people in activities that contribute to the economic, socio-political and cultural development of the region. Key words: youth, ethnopolitical processes, Caucasus, political activity, civic identity, national identity.


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