Stock Crash and Jump: The Role of Accounting Information

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-106
Author(s):  
Felizia Arni Rudiawarni ◽  
I Made Narsa ◽  
Andry Irwanto
Keyword(s):  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Bad News ◽  
Economic News ◽  
Conditional Conservatism ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Fundamental Value

Stock crashes (jumps) capture extreme negative (positive) returns ) (Hutton et al., 2008; DeFond et al., 2015) and therefore have important implications for investors regarding their investment decisions they make. Investors make decisions based on the information they receive. Based on the value relevance literature, earnings are important information to determine the fundamental value of a firm (Beaver, 1968; Ball and Brown, 1968). The determination of accounting earnings is influenced by management policies. If management's policy in determining the amount of earnings is not appropriate, the quality of earnings as a representation of accounting information will decrease. Management's policy in determining earnings can be in the form of conservative or aggressive policies. Conservatism is divided into two types, namely conditional conservatism and unconditional conservatism (Beaver and Ryan, 2005; Basu, 2005). Conditional conservatism admits loss depending on the economic news, or ex-post conservatism. Conditional conservatism recognizes losses more timely than gains recognition (Basu, 1997), thus preventing managers from accumulating bad news (Kim and Zhang, 2016). The application of conditional conservatism causes undervaluation of the firm's stock price. Therefore, it is predicted that conditional conservatism will reduce the risk of future stock crashes. Unconditional conservatism records net assets at the lowest value since initial recognition or is said to be ex-ante conservatism (Beaver and Ryan, 2005). Unconditional conservatism prevents managers from admitting excessive net asset values (Kousenidis et al., 2014). However, unconditional conservatism is considered to create a hidden reserve ready to use when management is trying to pursue profit targets (Penman and Zhang, 2002; Ruch and Taylor, 2005). Therefore, unconditional conservatism is considered to increase the risk of future stock crashes. Accounting aggressiveness means recognizing gains more quickly and delaying recognition of losses (Battacharya et al., 2003) because of various personal motivations (Kothari, 2005). This accumulated bad news will at some point reverse and at that time, some bad news will flood the market immediately and make stock prices crash (Kim and Zhang, 2014). Therefore, accounting aggressiveness is predicted to increase the risk of future stock crashes. The conditions resulting from applying those accounting policies, affect the opposite in terms of stock jump. Studies contribute to the development of capital market researches. Keywords: conditional conservatism, unconditional conservatism, aggressive accounting, stock crash, stock jump

scholarly journals RELEVANSI NILAI INFORMASI AKUNTANSI ALTERNATIF SERTA IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP PROSES PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN INVESTASI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SEQUENTIAL EXPLANATORY MIXED METHOD

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Mada Purwanto Wahyu Nugroho ◽  
Ahmad Syifaudin
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Sequential Explanatory Mixed Method ◽  
Sequential Explanatory

Distortion of information is one of the inherent accounting risks in financial statements. Financial statements are one of the fundamental sources of information that can be used in investment decision making in the Indonesia stock exchange. If investors use this information, then investors also have the same risk that is the distortion of information contained in financial statements. This research tries to test whether stock prices can be more explained through alternative accounting information or information contained in financial statements. This research was conducted using a sequential explanatory mixed method. Using data on companies listed in the Business 27 index, tested using path analysis through multiple regression models, the results of this research indicate that alternative accounting information has not been able to explain variations in stock price changes compared to accounting information contained in financial statements. Meanwhile, the results of the analysis using qualitative data indicate there is a match between the results of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis. Keywords: Value Relevance; Alternative Accounting Information; Investment Decisions

scholarly journals Value relevance of Accounting Information and its Impact on Stock Prices: Case Study of Listed Banks at Karachi Stock Exchange

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khurram Shehzad ◽  
Aisha Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Accounting Data ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Future Events

This study primary investigates the value relevance of accounting information in banking sector of Pakistan. The study employed the pooled regression technique on nineteen private banks from the period of 2008 to 2012. The findings show that earning per share is more value relevant than book values, while accounting data explains a high proportion of the stock price. The relevant information is such that it influences the economic decisions of users by helping them evaluate past, present and future events.

scholarly journals RELEVANSI NILAI LEVERAGE, DIVIDEN, DAN PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN-PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI PERIODE 2014-2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ericson Wijaya, Amelia Sandra
Keyword(s):  
Stock Prices ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Share Price ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Actual Condition ◽  
A Value

Financial statements that have good value relevance can be a benchmark for an enterprise's value increase that can increase stock prices. Accounting information in the form of financial statements is expected to describe the actual condition of the company. Accounting information such as financial statement hopefully can describe the actual condition of the company.This research aims to analyze the influence of the value relevance of accounting information contained in leverage, dividend, and profitability to stock prices. Clean surplus theory is talking about predicting and analyzes function of financial statement. Market efficient theory is talking about quality of the information itself. And signaling theory is talking about how the information impacts the community. The object of this study was 25 companies who registered in manufacturing industries that listed at Indonesia Stock Exchange for the year 2014-2016. Tools that be used for data analysis in this research are pooling, classical assumption, statistic descriptive test, F-test, t-test, and coefficient determination of R square by using SPSS 20.0 . This research shows that leverage doesn’t have a value relevance to the share price, dividend doesn’t have a value relevance to the share price, and profitability has a value relevance to the share price. Keyword : Value Relevance, Leverage, Dividend, Profitability

scholarly journals Relevance of earnings and book value: Evidence from listed pharmaceutical companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-206
Author(s):  
Mwila Mulenga ◽  
Meena Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Stock Returns ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Book Value ◽  
The Impact

For accounting information to be useful for decision making it is essential that it is relevant for decision-making and should have a significant relation with stock prices or stock returns. Value relevance research aims to explain the impact of accounting information on stock prices or stock returns. This study examines the value relevance of earnings and book values on listed Indian pharmaceutical companies’ stock prices by using the Ohlson price model. The study gathered a series of panel data from 2006 to 2015 from the Nifty Pharma index. Ordinary least square and panel regression estimation were done using EViews. The findings provide sufficient evidence of those earnings per share (EPS) and book value per share (BVPS) jointly and individually for the Nifty Pharma index sample played an essential role in influencing stock prices. However, there is an insignificant decline in the combined value relevance of EPS and BVPS. The findings reveal that the EPS and BVPS played an important role in influencing stock prices. However, explanatory powers of EPS and BVPS in all years are significantly lower than that of developed countries. Overall findings show mixed results on the considerable influence of firm size on the value relevance of accounting information. This study’s findings have implications for analysts, investors, and other market participants; they should use EPS and BVPS in the equity valuation of pharmaceutical companies for better allocation of resources in capital markets.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KOMPARASI RELEVANSI NILAI INFORMASI AKUNTANSI SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH ADOPSI PENUH IFRS DI INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sugi Suhartono
Keyword(s):  
Stock Prices ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Wrong Decision ◽  
Book Value ◽  
Chow Test ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Accounting Report

<p><em>Many companies had adopted but there is a differences on the quality of the accounting report that were created before and after the adoption that has not been studied by academics, because of this researcher wants to investigate whether there are any differences in value relevance of accounting information before and after the full adoption of IFRS. Based on regulation theory, signalling theory, market efficient theory and clean surplus theory. The gap between action that were taken by management and the will of shareholders could possibly happen when the asymmetric information disrupt the capability of investor to supervise managerial level and lead the investor to make a wrong decision. Samples of this study consisted of 16 companies that are part of LQ 45 Index of Indonesia Stock Exchange. Purposive Sampling method is used to take the sample. The data analysis technique used to test the hypothesis is Chow Test. Chow test shows F value (0.57985) is smaller than F table (2.71). Then, in testing of the coefficient of determination, which the value of adjusted R<sup>2</sup> before the full adoption of IFRS is 85.7% and after the full adoption of IFRS is 82.2%. This shows a 3.5% reduction of adjusted R<sup>2</sup>. The reduction of the adjusted R<sup>2</sup> indicates that the adjusted R<sup>2</sup> can not be explained by measuring stock prices, earnings per share, and book value per share after full adoption of IFRS. Based on the study results show that the full adoption of IFRS does not affect the relevance of the value of accounting information on companies listed in the LQ 45 index.</em><em></em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Keyword</em></strong><em> : </em><em>Value Relevance, Profit, Equity Book Value, IFRS Adoption</em></p>

Digital corporate reporting and value relevance: evidence from the US and Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan George Shan ◽  
Indrit Troshani
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Financial Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Corporate Reporting ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Corporate Financial Reporting

PurposeThe study improves current understanding concerning the implications of digital corporate reporting technology on the informativeness of accounting information.Design/methodology/approachIt looks at how XBRL, an exemplar digital corporate financial reporting technology, affects value relevance of accounting information in the US and Japan, two key jurisdictions where XBRL has been mandated. We operationalise stock price and return value relevance models to assess and compare predicted associations between selected accounting measures and market value of equity in these countries.FindingsWe predict that the selected accounting measures are more value relevant after XBRL was mandated than before. We find evidence to support our prediction for the US sample. We also predict and find that the contribution of XBRL to the value relevance of the selected accounting measures is greater in the US than in Japan. Overall, our evidence provides support that digital corporate reporting technology enhances relevance and reliability of accounting measures.Originality/valueThe study appears to be the first to have examined the impact of XBRL on value relevance whilst comparing between two major jurisdictions. The study extends emerging but limited literature concerning the benefits of digital corporate financial reporting for enhancing the communication between firms and users of financial information. The findings are useful to both users of financial information and standard setters.

The Reliability of Fair Value versus Historical Cost Information: Evidence from Closed-End Mutual Funds

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Carroll ◽  
Thomas J. Linsmeier ◽  
Kathy R. Petroni
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Mutual Funds ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Fair Value ◽  
Cost Information ◽  
G7 Countries ◽  
Historical Cost ◽  
Equity Securities

This research examines the value-relevance of fair value accounting relative to historical cost accounting for financial instruments held by closed-end mutual funds to provide evidence on the reliability of fair value estimation. Closed-end funds are considered because their balance sheets and income statements typically are reported at fair value and there is great variation in the types of securities held by various funds. For a sample of 143 closed-end mutual funds during 1982–1997, we find a significant association between stock prices and the fair value of investment securities, as well as between stock returns and fair value securities gains and losses, even after controlling for historical costs. To examine whether differences in the perceived reliability of the investment securities fair values affect investors' assessments of the usefulness of the information, we examine the association between stock price metrics and fair values across different fund types (e.g., publicly held equity securities from G7 countries, equity securities other than those publicly held from G7 countries, U.S. government or municipal securities, corporate bonds). We find that in all cases there is a significant association between the stock price metrics and fair values. This suggests that the need to estimate fair values for securities traded in thin markets, such as private or non-G7 equities, does not cause the incremental value-relevance of fair value information to be eliminated. Our strong and consistent findings in the closed-end fund setting suggest that reliability problems in measuring the fair values of investment securities are not the primary explanation for the inconsistency in prior research results; instead such inconsistency may be attributed to the incomplete availability of fair value measures in other settings.

The stock market’s reaction to accounting information: the cases of Chile and Peru

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Melgarejo ◽  
Eduardo Montiel ◽  
Luis Sanz
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Markets ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Earnings Announcement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the stock price and volume reactions around firms’ earnings announcement dates in two Latin American stock markets: Chile and Peru. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses multivariate regression analysis to determine the impact of accounting information on stock prices and volume traded around the firms’ earnings announcement dates. Findings – The authors find that quarterly earnings surprises explain stock abnormal returns and abnormal trading volumes around the earnings announcement dates in the Santiago (Chile) and Lima (Peru) stock exchanges. The authors also find that these two effects are driven by small firms. Originality/value – This is one of the first articles to study the price and volume reactions to accounting information in Latin American stock markets.

scholarly journals Institutional Investment Constraints and Stock Prices

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 465-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Cao ◽  
Bing Han ◽  
Qinghai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Portfolio Management ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Bad News ◽  
Good News ◽  
Stock Return Predictability ◽  
Institutional Investment ◽  
Price Momentum ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Investment Constraints

We test the hypothesis that investment constraints in delegated portfolio management may distort demand for stocks, leading to price underreaction to news and stock return predictability. We find that institutions tend not to buy more of a stock with good news that they already overweight; they are reluctant to sell a stock with bad news that they already underweight. Stocks with good news overweighted by institutions subsequently significantly outperform stocks with bad news underweighted by institutions. The impact of institutional investment constraints sheds new light on asset pricing anomalies such as stock price momentum and post–earnings announcement drift.

A Study of Stock Price Behavior in Taiwan via Residual Income Valuation Theory and Structural Identification

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (04) ◽  
pp. 1250016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keshin Tswei ◽  
Chen-Yin Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Finance ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Information Diffusion ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Residual Income ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Valuation Theory ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Residual Income Valuation

This study adopts the methodology introduced by Lee (2006) to analyze stock prices in response to information shocks in six of Taiwan's stock market sectors and present market anomalies utilizing behavioral finance theory. Using the Residual Income Model (RIM) of equity valuation, we specified our empirical model to identify structural fundamental and nonfundamental shocks from reduced-form tangible and intangible news, and we obtained three major results. First, fundamental shock is primarily induced by tangible news and nonfundamental shock by intangible news, suggesting that tangible-oriented RIM can capture the information content of stock prices. Second, impulse response analyses show that investors generally underreact to fundamental shocks and consistently overreact to nonfundamental shocks in the short-run. This finding is compatible with the overconfidence theory of Daniel et al. (1998) in behavioral finance literature. Third, information diffusion efficiency in a market appears to depend on the value relevance quality of its tangible information. This is based on our finding that when tangible information constitutes a higher share of a market's fundamental shock, its price converges faster to the long-run equilibrium associated with the shock.

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