Occupational Diseases in Workers of Copper and Nickel Industry in the Kola Arctic (1989–2018)

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
General Structure ◽  
Chronic Intoxication ◽  
Nickel Compounds ◽  
Disease Rates ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
Nickel Industry

Summary. Introduction: Non-ferrous metallurgy is one of the basic economic sectors of the Murmansk Region, which workers are at increased risk of occupational diseases. The purpose of the study was to investigate causes, structure and prevalence of occupational diseases in the Kola Arctic copper and nickel industry workers in 1989–2018. Materials and methods: We analyzed data on working conditions and occupational diseases in the Murmansk Region in 1989–2018. Results: We observed the following changes in workers of the Kola copper and nickel industry during the 30-year study period: 1) the length of service until manifestation of an occupational disease increased from 46.3 ± 1.3 to 55.0 ± 0.6 years (p < 0.001); 2) the proportion of women among occupational disease cases increased from 3.6% to 33.0% (p < 0.001); 3) the number of newly diagnosed occupational diseases in an employee increased from 1.04 ± 0.04 to 2.19 ± 0.12 (p < 0.001); 4) the proportion of cases of chronic intoxication with nickel compounds in the general structure of occupational diseases rose from 6.9 % to 34.7 % while the percentage of respiratory diseases dropped from 89.7 % to 34.2 % (p < 0.001). In 1989–2008, we noted an increase in occupational disease rates with peak values (336 cases) achieved in 2004–2008. In the following decade, their number decreased by 2.7 times from 104 to 38 cases, and their share among all regional occupational disease cases dropped from 40.2 % to 16.6 % (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Respiratory diseases and chronic intoxication from exposure to nickel compounds prevailed in the structure of occupational diseases in metallurgists in the Kola Arctic. An increase in the number of occupational diseases per worker, a rise in the proportion of women among sick workers, and a sharp decline in occupational disease rates in 2009–2018 require a proper explanation.

Evaluating Efficiency of Nutrition-based Disease Prevention in Metallurgical Industry Workers Based on the Results of Biological Monitoring

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
S.A. Syurin ◽  
A.A. Kovshov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Murmansk Region

Introduction. The mining and metallurgical industries form the basis of the economy of the Murmansk Region. Working conditions at industrial enterprises, combined with extreme climatic conditions of the Arctic, pose an increased risk of occupational diseases. The purpose of the study was to investigate working conditions and occupational disease rates among industrial workers of the Murmansk Region in 2007–2017. Materials and methods. We studies socio-hygienic monitoring data on working conditions and occupational diseases in the population of the Murmansk Region in 2007-2017 provided by the Federal Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare, Moscow. Results. In 2008-2017, the most common occupational risk factors in the Murmansk Region included noise (25.8%), job strain (17.8%), and chemical factor (12.6%) while 39.2% of workers were exposed to a combination of occupational hazards. Over 10 years, the absolute number of workers exposed to dangerous and hazardous industrial factors decreased by 1.8 times. In the Murmansk Region, 84.3% of occupational disease cases were registered among workers of mining and metallurgical enterprises. In 2007-2017, the region experienced a significant decrease in occupational disease incidence mainly related to job cuts. The role of other factors (improvement of working conditions, health promotion) needs to be clarified; yet, it is possible to predict their positive influence on occupational morbidity in the next few years. Conclusion. To achieve a substantial decrease in occupational disease incidence rates, it is essential to keep improving comprehensive measures aimed at preserving workers’ health in the Murmansk Region.

Working Conditions and Occupational Morbidity at Mining and Metallurgical Enterprises of the Murmansk Region

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Syurin ◽  
A.А. Kovshov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Murmansk Region

Introduction. The mining and metallurgical industries form the basis of the economy of the Murmansk Region. Working conditions at industrial enterprises, combined with extreme climatic conditions of the Arctic, pose an increased risk of occupational diseases. The purpose of the study was to investigate working conditions and occupational disease rates among industrial workers of the Murmansk Region in 2007–2017. Materials and methods. We studies socio-hygienic monitoring data on working conditions and occupational diseases in the population of the Murmansk Region in 2007-2017 provided by the Federal Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare, Moscow. Results. In 2008-2017, the most common occupational risk factors in the Murmansk Region included noise (25.8%), job strain (17.8%), and chemical factor (12.6%) while 39.2% of workers were exposed to a combination of occupational hazards. Over 10 years, the absolute number of workers exposed to dangerous and hazardous industrial factors decreased by 1.8 times. In the Murmansk Region, 84.3% of occupational disease cases were registered among workers of mining and metallurgical enterprises. In 2007-2017, the region experienced a significant decrease in occupational disease incidence mainly related to job cuts. The role of other factors (improvement of working conditions, health promotion) needs to be clarified; yet, it is possible to predict their positive influence on occupational morbidity in the next few years. Conclusion. To achieve a substantial decrease in occupational disease incidence rates, it is essential to keep improving comprehensive measures aimed at preserving workers’ health in the Murmansk Region.

Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Industrial Workers of the Murmansk Region

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
S.A. Syurin ◽  
I.V. Boiko
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Background Noise ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
General Structure ◽  
Noise Induced Hearing Loss ◽  
Occupational Noise ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
Ship Repair

Background. Noise-induced hearing loss is one of the oldest problems of occupational medicine. The purpose of the study was to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of the development of noise-induced hearing loss in industrial workers of the Murmansk Region in 1988-2017. Materials and methods. We analyzed data on incident cases of occupational diseases in 1988-2017 and socio-hygienic monitoring forms in part of “Working Conditions and Occupational Morbidity” in the population of the Murmansk Region in 2007–2017. Results. We established that in 2007–2017 almost 20% of all workers affected by harmful or hazardous industrial factors were exposed to noise. Over eleven years, their percentage decreased by 5.3% (p < 0.001). In 1988–2017, noise-induced hearing loss was registered in 27.3% of new cases of occupational diseases among industrial workers and made up 16.9% in the general structure of occupational pathology. We observed an increasing tendency in the prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss, especially in combination with other occupational diseases of the musculoskeletal, nervous, and respiratory systems. The risk of developing noise-induced hearing loss for miners (RR = 4.50; CI: 4.04–5.01) and ship repair workers (RR = 6.73; CI: 5.54–8.18) was higher than that for other industrial workers of the Murmansk Region. Conclusions. The findings suggest the need for more efficient technical and medical measures aimed at preventing hearing impairment caused by occupational noise.

Occupational pathology in the Vorkuta industrial area

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Sergey Alekseevich Syurin
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Production And Distribution

Labor activity in the Arctic, especially mining, is associated with an increased risk of developing occupational pathology. The aim of the study was to investigate working conditions, structure and prevalence of occupational pathology among workers of the Vorkuta industrial region (IR) in 2007–2018. The results of social and hygienic monitoring «Working conditions and occupational morbidity» of the population of the municipal urban district of Vorkuta and the Arctic zone of Russia in 2007–2018 were studied. It was found that in 2007–2018, 99 % of occupational diseases in Vorkuta IR were detected in coal mine workers. Only 1 % of diseases were diagnosed in workers engaged in health care, transport, construction, household services, electricity production and distribution, and industrial production. Over 12 years, the share of increased labor severity in the development of occupational diseases rose from 20.3 % to 74.0 % (p < 0.001), and the share of fibrogenic aerosols decreased from 33.0 % to 13.2 % (p < 0.001). During the same period of time, in the structure of occupational pathology the share of musculoskeletal diseases increased from 20.7 % to 56.9 % (p < 0.001), and the share of respiratory diseases decreased from 31.8 % to 13.4 % (p < 0.001). In 2007–2018, the number of occupational pathology cases tended to grow, and the risk of their development in 2016–2018 was higher than in 2007–2009 (RR = 1.90; CI 1.69–2.12; p < 0.001). The results of the study indicate the need to update programs to improve working conditions and prevent occupational pathology at the Vorkuta coal mines, taking into account the new data obtained.

Longitudinal study of occupational pathology risks in open-pit apatite miners of the Kola Peninsula

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 424-430
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Syurin
Keyword(s):  
Kola Peninsula ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Drilling Rig ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pathology

Mining in the Arctic is associated with an increased risk of developing occupational diseases. The aim of the study was to assess risks of developing occupational pathology over 10-year period of mining apatite ore in the Kola Arctic open-pit mines. We studied data on working conditions (certification of workplaces), health status (periodic medical examinations) and primary occupational pathology (monitoring "Working conditions and occupational morbidity of the population of the Murmansk region" in 2009-2018) of open-pit apatite miners. It was found that, according to an overall assessment, the working conditions of all 436 surveyed open-pit apatite miners corresponded to 3.2-3.3 hazard classes. During 10 years of employment (2009-2018), 88 (20.2%) miners were first diagnosed with 134 occupational diseases, which are 3.07 cases per 100 people per year. The main cause for their occurrence was the severity of work above the permissible level (39.6%), whole-body vibration (37.3%) and noise (17.9%), and their structure is dominated by vibration disease (35.8%) and musculoskeletal pathology (30.0%). The main factor in the occurrence of occupational diseases was recognized as imperfection of technological processes (58.2%). The risk of occupational pathology formation in the excavator drivers (RR=1.95; CI 1.33-2.86; p<0.001) and in the drilling rig drivers (RR=1.60; CI 1.04-2.47; p=0.031) was higher than that of bulldozer drivers. In 2009-2018, unlike the bulldozer and drilling rig drivers, the excavator drivers showed an increased risk of developing occupational diseases (RR=3.50; CI 1.90-6.43; p<0.001). In 2009-2018, the open-pit apatite miners of the Kola Peninsula retained a high level of occupational morbidity, and it tended to increase among excavator drivers.

On the issue of criteria for recognition of occupational disease as an insured event in health care workers

2020 ◽  
pp. 618-619
Author(s):  
L. V. Dovgusha ◽  
N. N. Petruhin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Rehabilitation Measures ◽  
Professional Capacity ◽  
Insured Event

The publication deals with cases of occupational diseases in medical workers, in which the degree of loss of professional capacity is not determined, but patients need medical rehabilitation measures.

Computed tomography in diagnosis of silicosis

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
Alina S. Kovaleva ◽  
Igor V. Bukhtiyarov ◽  
Natalya S. Serova ◽  
Tatyana B. Burmistrova
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Occupational Medicine ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Based Medicine

Respiratory system diseases are one of the main problems in contemporary occupational medicine and exceed one fifth of all occupational diseases. Objective of the review was search and analysis of literature on diagnosis of silicosis as an important occupational disease of respiratory organs, by computed tomography and high-resolution computed tomography, from evidence-based medicine viewpoint.

Working conditions and occupational pathology of coal miners in the Arctic

2019 ◽  
pp. 452-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Gorbanev ◽  
S. A. Syurin ◽  
N. M. Frolova
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Due to the impact of adverse working conditions and climate, workers in coal-mining enterprises in the Arctic are at increased risk of occupational diseases (OD).The aim of the study was to study the working conditions, causes, structure and prevalence of occupational diseases in miners of coal mines in the Arctic.Materials and methods. Th e data of social and hygienic monitoring “Working conditions and occupational morbidity” of the population of Vorkuta and Chukotka Autonomous District in 2007–2017 are studied.Results. It was established that in 2007–2017 years, 2,296 ODs were diagnosed for the first time in 1851 coal mines, mainly in the drifters, clearing face miners, repairmen and machinists of mining excavating machines. Most often, the ODs occurred when exposed to the severity of labor, fibrogenic aerosols and hand-arm vibration. The development of professional pathology in 98% of cases was due to design flaws of machines and mechanisms, as well as imperfections of workplaces and technological processes. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system (36.2%), respiratory organs (28.9%) and nervous system (22.5%) prevailed in the structure of professional pathology of miners of coal mines. Among the three most common nosological forms of OD were radiculopathy (32.1%), chronic bronchitis (27.7%) and mono-polyneuropathy (15.4%). In 2017, coal miners in the Arctic had a professional morbidity rate of 2.82 times higher than the national rates for coal mining.Conclusions. To preserve the health of miners of coal mining enterprises, technical measures to improve working conditions and medical interventions aimed at increasing the body’s resistance to the effects of harmful production and climatic factors are necessary.

Environmental and Hygienic Assessment of Ambient Air Pollution in Oil-Producing and Oil-Refining Areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan and Population Health Status

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Z.B. Baktybaeva ◽  
R.A. Suleymanov ◽  
T.K. Valeev ◽  
N.R. Rahmatullin ◽  
E.G. Stepanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Disease Rates ◽  
Total Suspended Particles

Introduction. High density of oil-producing and refining facilities in certain areas of Bashkortostan significantly affects the environment including ambient air quality in residential areas. Materials and methods. We analyzed concentrations of airborne toxicants (sulfur and nitrogen oxides, nitrogen and carbon oxides, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, xylenes, toluene, phenol and total suspended particles) and population health status in the cities of Ufa, Sterlitamak, Salavat, Blagoveshchensk, and the Tuymazinsky District in 2007–2016. Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) were used to establish possible relationships between medico-demographic indicators and air pollution. Results. Republican fuel and energy enterprises contributed the most to local air pollution levels. Gross emissions from such enterprises as Bashneft-Ufaneftekhim and Bashneft-Navoil reached 43.69–49.77 thousand tons of pollutants per year. The levels of some air pollutants exceeded their maximum permissible concentrations. Elevated concentrations of ammonia, total suspended particles, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide were registered most frequently. High rates of congenital abnormalities, respiratory diseases in infants (aged 0-1), general mortality and morbidity of the population were observed in some oil-producing and refining areas. The correlation analysis proved the relationship between the concentration of carbon monoxide and general disease rates in adults based on hospital admissions (r = 0.898), general incidence rates in children (r = 0.957), and blood disease rates in infants (r = 0.821). Respiratory diseases in children correlated with nitrogen dioxide emission levels (r = 0.899). Conclusions. Further development of oil-producing, petrochemical and oil-refining industries should be carried out taking into account socio-economic living conditions of the population.

scholarly journals Improvement of the module for occupational diseases in the structure of occupational health record

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Iancheva ◽  
T Kundurzhiev ◽  
N Tzacheva ◽  
L Hristova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
National Level ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Occupational Health Services ◽  
Health Record ◽  
Disease Module

Abstract The study is based on the National Science Program 'eHealth in Bulgaria (e-Health)', funded by the Ministry of Education and Science. Partnership Contract No. D-01-200/16.11.2018 Issue Occupational health is closely linked to public health and health system. In Bulgaria there are many software products related to the registration and reporting of occupational health. Description of the Problem It is necessary to study all the determinants of occupational health, including the risks of diseases and accidents in the occupational environment, social and individual factors. The establishment of electronic systems for registering and monitoring both the health status of each worker and the possible hazards in the work environment is associated with the introduction and use of the occupational health record of each worker. Results The methodology for improving the module for occupational diseases in the structure of the occupational health record in Bulgaria has been developed. The classifications are in compliance with the legislation in the country and the requirements of the developing Eurostat methodology for European statistics on occupational diseases are applied. The occupational health record will serve both employers and physicians working in Occupational Health Services. Lessons The occupational disease module in the structure of the occupational health record will contribute to the statistical comparability of occupational disease data at regional and national level. Not only will the registration of the harmful factors of the working environment and the diseases related to the work process, but also the introduction of timely measures to ensure good occupational and public health. Key messages Through the occupational disease module, the structure of the occupational health record introduces the possibility of taking adequate measures to ensure good occupational health. The occupational health record will serve both employers and physicians working in Occupational Health Services.

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